PRE-DEVONIAN, BRABANTIAN DEFORMATION WITHIN THE SOUTHERN CONDROZ INLIER (RUISSEAU DES CHEVREUILS, DAVE, BELGIUM)

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Chitinozoan biostratigraphy of the Upper Ordovician of Faulx-les-Tombes (central Condroz Inlier, Belgium)

The chitinozoan biostratigraphy of the Upper Ordovician Vitrival-Bruyere and Fosses formations (Bois de Presles and Faulxles-Tombes members) in the Faulx-les-Tombes area (Condroz Inlier, Belgium) is documented. The Baltoscandian Spinachitina cervicornis and Conochitina rugata chitinozoan biozones are recognised, and possibly also the Fungochitina fungiformis and Tanuchitina bergstroemi zones. Correlation with the Cautley Mudstones Formation of the Avalonian type Ashgill area is done with the C. rugata and the Bursachitina umbilicata chitinozoan biozones and possibly also with the F. fungiformis and T bergstroemi chitinozoan biozones. The correlation allows an accurate dating of both formations. The Vitrival-Bruyere Formation is shown to span a much larger time interval than previously thought. The combination of litho- and biostratigraphical results from this study and those from the Puagne Inlier (western Condroz Inlier) shows diachronic boundaries for both members of the Fosses Formation. At some time during the deposition of the rugata and umbilicata chitinozoan biozones, simultaneous deposition took place of calcareous shale in the Puagne Inlier and mottled mudstone on a deeper shelf position in the Faulx-les-Tombes area

Modeling the conformality of atomic layer deposition: the effect of sticking probability

The key advantage of atomic layer deposition (ALD) is undoubtedly the excellent step coverage, which allows for conformal deposition of thin films in high-aspect-ratio structures. In this paper, a model is proposed to predict the deposited film thickness as a function of depth inside a hole. The main model parameters are the gas pressure, the deposition temperature, and the initial sticking probability of the precursor molecules. Earlier work by Gordon et al. assumed a sticking probability of 0/100% for molecules hitting a covered/uncovered section of the wall of the hole, thus resulting in a stepwise film-thickness profile. In this work, the sticking probability is related to the surface coverage theta by Langmuir’s equation s(theta) = s0(1−theta), whereby the initial sticking probability s0 is now an adjustable model parameter. For s0~=100%, the model predicts a steplike profile, in agreement with Gordon et al., while for smaller values of s0, a gradual decreasing coverage profile is predicted. Furthermore, experiments were performed to quantify the conformality for the trimethylaluminum (TMA)/H2O ALD process using macroscopic test structures. It is shown that the experimental data and the simulation results follow the same trends

Chitinozoan biozonation and new lithostratigraphical data in the Upper Ordovician of the Fauquez and Asquempont areas (Brabant Massif, Belgium)

status: publishe

New evidence for the Hirnantian (Upper Ordovician) in Belgium? An integrated isotiopical, biostratigraphic and sedimentologic approach

International audienceN/