История кафедры ветеринарной патологии

In the article the story of creation and activity of the chair of veterinary pathology is given. The article provides information about the structure of the chair and disciplines taught in it, about the teachers of the chair. Are described the major achievements of the chair staff in the field of science and communications of the chair with production and research institutions.В статье представлена история создания и деятельность кафедры ветеринарной патологии РУДН. Приводятся сведения о структуре кафедры и дисциплинах, преподаваемых на кафедре, представлены преподаватели кафедры. Освещены основные достижения сотрудников кафедры в научной сфере и связи кафедры с производственными и научно-исследовательскими учреждениями

ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТЬ КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА СИБИРСКОЙ ЯЗВОЙ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ ЧАД

The unfavorable situation of epizootic anthrax in the Republic of Tchad plays a horrendous role marked with enormously negative impacts on the growth of livestock-breeding (animal husbandry) sec-tor. As a matter-of-fact, a wide variety of animals fall prey to this endemic ailment annually, especially cattle. The most practiced form of ranging in Tchad entails cattle breeding which involves the transmutations of breeds. Owing to the paucity of comprehensive frameworks designed to circumvent and arrest unintended repercussions in the administration of such a practice, the practice is susceptible to a plethora of errors that in turn facilitate epizootic processes, including epizootics of anthrax. More often than not, it is trans-mitted from one region of the country to the other. Subsequently, this endangers all other animal husbandry systems and subjects to grave danger people’s lives as well. The epizootic process is a spatial-temporal form of interaction between the population of the parasite and the host population. Nevertheless, the epi-zootic process is subject to influence exerted by the animal husbandry system, i.e. conditions, methods or means of keeping animals in a particular area. In this article is presented the statistics of affected beasts (cattle) in terms of population and these statistics are illustrated with the aid of tables and graphs.Неблагополучная обстановка по сибирской язве в республике Чад оказывает отрицательное влияние на развитие животноводства в стране. Ежегодно от этой болезни погибает значительное количество животных различных видов, особенно крупного рогатого скота. В Республике Чад преимущественно практикуется пастбищное скотоводство, т.е. отгонное содержание скота. В этой практике в стране часто допускается различные ошибки, которые провоцируют развитие эпизоотических процессов, в том числе эпизоотии сибирской язвы, инфекция распространяется от региона к региону и массово поражает животноводство, создавая также угрозу жизни людей. Эпизоотический процесс представляет собой пространственно-временную форму взаимодействия популяции паразита и популяции хозяина. Тем не менее на эпизоотический процесс часто влияет система ведении животноводства, т.е. условия, методы или способы содержание животных на определенной территории. В статье графически представлены статистические данные по заболеваемости сибирской язвой крупного рогатого скота с 2010 по 2015 г., которые обсуждаются с точки зрения значимости систем ведения животноводства

Videothoracoscopic removal of a foreign body (arrow-shaped element) of gunshot origin from the vertebral body, using radiation and magnetic technologies

Gunshot wounds to the chest have always occupied a special place among the entire set of gunshot wounds on the human body. Today, the one of the important challenges before the Navy of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, - not only to restore the damaged anatomical structures of the chest, but also to create optimal conditions for the restoration of the functional component. This will make possible to reduce the treatment period of a wounded serviceman and return him to the formation (or to the occupied position) as soon as possible. The use of minimally invasive methods (videothoracoscopy, radiation control and magnetic technologies) during the treatment of a wounded person with a penetrating gunshot wound of the chest is the key in the surgeon’s hands whose task is to save life and eliminate the defect (formed as a result of the wound). This approach is not only an example of highly specialised surgical care for the wounded in the navy, but also demonstrates the high quality of the proposed care scheme. Purpose - practically implement new organisational, tactical and professional approaches to the treatment of gunshot wounds to the thorax using a clinical case study. It is presented the clinical case of wounded man Sh., 35 years old, with a gunshot fragmentation blind wound of the posterior surface of the thorax, gunshot fracture of the Th7 vertebral body on the background of a foreign body (metal arrowhead). In the current world literature, there are many options for surgical tactics for the treatment of wounded patients with penetrating gunshot wounds to the chest. However, our clinical case draws attention to the high relevance of applying and combining minimally invasive techniques (video-othoracoscopy, radiation control and magnetic technology). This makes it possible to reduce the time (or duration) of surgical intervention, perform an «extended» revision of the pleural cavity, examine and assess the condition of the wound canal, remove a foreign body (shrapnel, bullets, arrowhead component), compensate for respiratory failure phenomena as quickly as possible and restore the integrity and function of the thoracic cells. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors

Блютанг и блютангоподобные болезни в начале XXI в.: эпизоотологические исследования и анализ

This research deals with the features of the actual bluetongue epidemiology in real epizootic situation in South Africa (Republic Namibia) endemic nozoareal. Onset and spreading the transmissible exotic transboundary and bluetongue-like animal diseases in the unendemic areas are the current step of the natural history in infectious pathology and the actual problem in epidemiology.Проведенные авторами статьи исследования имеют целью выяснение особенностей современной эпизоотологии блютанга на двух альтернативных моделях — традиционном нозоареале эндемичной Южной Африки (Республика Намибия) и неэндемичной территории северо-западной Европы. Возникновение и распространение трансмиссивных экзотических трансграничных и блютангоподобных инфекций на неэндемичных территориях отражает современный этап эволюции инфекционной патологии и представляет актуальную проблему в эпизоотологии и эпидемиологии

Intermittency route to chaos and broadband high-frequency generation in semiconductor superlattice coupled to external resonator

We investigate the onset of broadband microwave chaos in the miniband semiconductor superlattice coupled to an external resonator. Our analysis shows that the transition to chaos, which is confirmed by calculation of Lyapunov exponents, is associated with the intermittency scenario. The evolution of the laminar phases and the corresponding Poincare maps with variation of a supercriticality parameter suggest that the observed dynamics can be classified as type I intermittency. We study the spatiotemporal patterns of the charge concentration and discuss how the frequency band of the chaotic current oscillations in semiconductor superlattice depends on the voltage applied

Heat and mass transport at unsteady sublimation of single metal-organic particles in the gas-carrier flow

The results of experimental research and numerical modeling of convective heat and mass transfer during the sublimation of spherical particles of beta-diketonates of metals Cr(acac)3 and Zr(dpm)4 in a high-temperature flow of an inert gas (argon or helium) are presented. The sublimation process is visualized. The temperature and particle size dynamics are obtained. The effect of the carrier-gas properties on the sublimation intensity of the particles with different initial diameters in the temperature range from 200 to 330 ºС is analyzed. It is shown that under the conditions of a high intensity of substance removal from the phase transition surface, the time for complete sublimation of the sample of Cr(acac)3 and Zr(dpm)4 may be less than the time, required to establish an equilibrium temperature between the precursor particle and the vapor-gas flow.Papers presented at the 13th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Portoroz, Slovenia on 17-19 July 2017 .International centre for heat and mass transfer.American society of thermal and fluids engineers

Экспериментальное исследование напряженно-деформированного состояния юбки поршня двигателя внутреннего сгорания на безмоторном стенде

The article describes the features developed by the authors of the profiling method of the piston skirt, provides the main parameters that affect the lubrication conditions of the piston skirt and the magnitude of mechanical losses. In computational studies, the basic formulas are given for determining the thickness of the oil layer in a piston skirt - cylinder sleeve conjunction to assess the nature of friction. To determine the deformations, the finite element method is used on the spatial model of the piston. To verify the finite element model, a stand for experimental studies was developed. The article describes the developed stand, the methodology and results of experimental studies of the stress-strain state of the two-piece piston skirt obtained at this stand and a comparative analysis of the results of the calculated and experimental studies of the stress-strain state of the two-piece piston skirt of a diesel engine. The research results showed that the developed stand can be used to verify mathematical models for calculating the stress-strain state of the piston skirt in the pilot production of internal combustion engine pistons to accelerate and reduce the cost of the piston design development process, as well as the results of experimental studies obtained at the stand, can be used as initial data for the developed mathematical model of the dynamics of the movement of the piston and the profiling of the piston skirt.В статье представлены особенности разработанной авторами методики профилирования юбки поршня, приведены основные параметры, влияющие на условия смазывания юбки поршня и величину механических потерь. В расчетных исследованиях даны основные формулы для определения толщины масляного слоя в сопряжении «юбка поршня - цилиндр» для оценки характера трения. Для определения деформаций используется метод конечных элементов на пространственной модели поршня. Для верификации конечно-элементной модели был разработан стенд для экспериментальных исследований. В статье описаны разработанный стенд, методика проведения и результаты экспериментальных исследований напряженно-деформированного состояния юбки составного поршня, полученные на данном стенде, выполнен сравнительный анализ результатов расчетных и экспериментальных исследований напряженно-деформированного состояния юбки составного поршня дизеля. Исследование показало, что разработанный стенд может применяться для верификации математических моделей расчета напряженно-деформированного состояния юбки поршня в опытном производстве поршней двигателя внутреннего сгорания для ускорения и удешевления процесса разработки их конструкции. Результаты экспериментальных исследований, полученные на стенде, также могут быть использованы в качестве исходных данных для разработанной математической модели динамики движения поршня и профилирования юбки поршня

Lyapunov analysis of the spatially discrete-continuous system dynamics

The spatially discrete-continuous dynamical systems, that are composed of a spatially extended medium coupled with a set of lumped elements, are frequently met in different fields, ranging from electronics to multicellular structures in living systems. Due to the natural heterogeneity of such systems, the calculation of Lyapunov exponents for them appears to be a challenging task, since the conventional techniques in this case often become unreliable and inaccurate. The paper suggests an effective approach to calculate Lyapunov exponents for discrete-continuous dynamical systems, which we test in stability analysis of two representative models from different fields. Namely, we consider a mathematical model of a 1D transferred electron device coupled with a lumped resonant circuit, and a phenomenological neuronal model of spreading depolarization, which involves 2D diffusive medium. We demonstrate that the method proposed is able reliably recognize regular, chaotic and hyperchaotic dynamics in the systems under study