Factors associated with walking, moderate and vigorous physical activities in adolescents

This study aimed at investigating the relationship between a set of variables (adolescents' gender, age, economic level, nutritional status, and fathers' educational level) and physical activity practices. The sample consisted of 578 students from a public school, aged between 11 and 16 years. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ, version 8, short form) was applied in order to measure their physical activity practices. Chi-square, independent t test and one-way ANOVA were implemented. Thirteen percent of adolescents were physically inactive and no significant difference was found between gender (p > .05). Compared to boys, girls spent more time in walking (p = .019) and vigorous activities (p = .017). Adolescents aged 14-16 years spent more time in walking compared with those aged 11-12 years (p = .026) and 13-year-olds (p = .006). There was a positive association between economic level and time spent in moderate physical activity (p = .034)

Caracterização fuzzy do transporte pré-abate de frangos de corte: Uma abordagem qualitativa

The poultry industry at Brazil is one of the most important sectors of agribusiness, which expansion and maintenance of the international markets are directly linked with the final product quality. One of the major problems on the poultry production system is related with distribution logistics and consequently with the types of livestock transport. In this research, the objective was to determine the classification of productive losses levels on the poultry transport, using as decision tool the fuzzy logic. After the assessment of input information on fuzzy system, it was verified that the developed model is important due two reasons: firstly, to the clear and direct classification of transport conditions, and secondly to the perspective of the stability or not of the assorted condition, showing this potential for change, which may be used with the aim to pay attention during the choose of transport strategies.A produção de carne de frango no Brasil é um dos setores mais importantes do agronegócio, sendo que a expansão e manutenção dos merca- dos externos estão diretamente relacionadas com a qualidade do produto final. Um dos grandes problemas no sistema de produção de frangos, esta relacionado com a logística de distribuição e conseqüentemente as formas de transporte de cargas vivas. Nesta pesquisa objetivou-se deter- minar a classificação do nível de perdas produtivas na carga viva de frangos de corte, utilizando como ferramenta de decisão a lógica fuzzy. Após a avaliação das informações de entrada no sistema fuzzy verificou-se que o modelo obtido é importan- te por dois fatores: o primeiro pela classificação clara e direta das condições de transporte e segundo pela perspectiva de estabilidade ou não das condições classificadas, mostrando o poten- cial de mudança das mesmas, o que poderá ser utilizada como objeto de atenção para a escolha de estratégias de transporte

The role of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and pelvic floor 3D-ultrasound assessment during pregnancy predicting urinary incontinence: a prospective cohort study

Abstract Postpartum urinary incontinence may have a severe impact on women’s health. Despite pregnancy and parturition being the most recognized risk factors, methods to identify new pregnant predictor risk factors are needed. Our study investigated the Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, clinical and pelvic floor 3D-ultrasound markers in pregnant women as predictors for 6–18 months of urinary incontinence. This prospective cohort study included nulliparous pregnant women submitted to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus screening in the second trimester. Pelvic floor 3D Ultrasound was performed at the second and third trimesters of gestation to evaluate the pelvic floor muscles and functions. Clinical data, the ICIQ-SF, and ISI questionnaires for urinary incontinence were applied in the third trimester and 6–18 months postpartum. Univariate analysis (P < .20) to extract risk factors variables and multivariate logistic regression analysis (P < .05) to obtain the adjusted relative ratio for urinary incontinence were performed. A total of 93 participants concluded the follow-up. Using the variables obtained by univariate analysis and after adjustments for potential confounders, multivariate analysis revealed that Gestational Diabetes Mellitus exposure was a solid and independent risk factor for 6–18 months of urinary incontinence (Adjusted RR 8.08; 95%CI 1.17–55.87; P:0.034). In addition, a higher Hiatal area observed in distension maneuver from the second to third trimester was negatively associated (Adjusted RR 0.96; 95%CI 0.93–0.99; P:0.023). In conclusion, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus was positively associated with 6–18 months of urinary incontinence, and higher Hiatal area distension was negatively associated

Influência de lâminas de água e adubação mineral na nutrição e produtividade de arroz de terras altas Influence of water levels and mineral fertilization on nutrition and yield of upland rice

Para recomendações de adubação mais racionais, é fundamental o conhecimento das exigências nutricionais da cultura do arroz, nos diversos sistemas de cultivo. Objetivando estudar a influência de lâminas de água na nutrição e exportação de nutrientes pelo arroz de terras altas, cultivar IAC 201, sob dois níveis de adubação, foram instalados experimentos em um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, em Selvíria (MS), nos anos agrícolas de 1994/95 e 1995/96. O delineamento foi de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos constituíram-se da precipitação natural e de quatro lâminas de água fornecidas por aspersão. A lâmina L2 foi baseada no coeficiente de cultura (Kc) do arroz de terras altas. As lâminas L1 e L3 foram definidas como 0,5 e 1,5 vez os Kcs utilizados em L2, respectivamente, e na lâmina L4 foi adotado Kc = 1,95 durante todo o ciclo da cultura. Em 1995/96, foram utilizados os mesmos tratamentos em parcelas subdivididas, sendo as subparcelas constituídas por duas doses de adubação (AD1 - 12 kg ha-1 de N, 90 de P2O5 e 30 de K2O, e AD2 - 24 kg ha-1 de N, 180 de P2O5 e 60 de K2O). A menor disponibilidade de água durante a fase vegetativa e reprodutiva proporcionou redução na produção de matéria seca, nos teores e quantidades de nutrientes acumuladas na parte aérea. O sistema irrigado por aspersão, independentemente da lâmina utilizada, proporcionou maior produtividade de grãos e exportação de nutrientes. Em solos com teores adequados de nutrientes para o sistema de sequeiro, não há resposta ao aumento da adubação mineral pelo arroz no sistema irrigado por aspersão, apesar da maior extração de nutrientes.<br>In order to achieve more sound fertilizer recommendations, knowledge about nutritional requirements of rice in different growing systems is fundamental. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the effects of water levels on nutrition and nutrient exportation by upland rice (cultivar IAC 201) under two levels of mineral fertilizer. Experiments were conducted in the growing seasons of 1994/95 and 1995/96 on a Typic Haplustox, in Selvíria, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The experimental design was of randomized blocks, with four replications. The treatments were five water levels: natural rain and four water levels provided by sprinkler irrigation. Water level 2 (L2) was based on the crop coefficient (Kc) for upland rice. L1 and L3 were then defined as 0.5 and 1.5 times the Kcs used in L2, respectively. For water level 4 (L4), Kc = 1.95 was used during the entire plant cycle. The same treatments were applied in 1995/96 in a split-plot scheme. The subplots consisted in two NPK-fertilization levels (AD1 - 12 kg ha-1 of N, 90 of P2O5, and 30 of K2O; and AD2 - 24 kg ha-1 of N, 180 of P2O5, and 60 of K2O). Low water availability during the vegetative and reproductive phases decreased the dry matter yield, nutrient contents, and nutrient uptake. Sprinkler irrigation increased grain yield and nutrient exportation, independent of the water level. In soils with appropriate nutrient levels for the dryland system, the irrigated rice did not respond to increased mineral fertilization, despite the larger nutrient uptake