29 research outputs found
Assessment of size of adenoid-comparison of adenoidal nasopharyngeal ratio and nasal endoscopy in children with chronic adenoiditis
Background: Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is a common cause of upper airway obstruction in paediatric patients and can have a significant influence on the health of the child. Children who have hypertrophic adenoids often exhibit nasal obstruction, snoring, sleep apnea, otitis media with effusion and craniofacial abnormalities. The main objective of this study was to know the association between size of adenoids and occurrence of otitis media with effusion (OME) and to correlate the grades of AH by lateral nasopharyngeal radiograph and nasal endoscope.Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study of 100 children who were diagnosed as chronic adenoiditis were studied clinically with relevant investigations. The digital X-ray nasopharynx lateral view and nasal endoscopic results of all the patients were analyzed and graded.Results: Mean Adenoidal-nasopharyngeal ratio for which OME was present was 0.72 which corresponds to X-ray grade 2. It was also found that 80.6% of X-ray grade 3 adenoids had OME and 100% of cases of endoscopic grade 4 adenoids had OME in either or both ears. 36 cases with grade 3 X-rays, 69% were in endoscopic grade 3 and 19.4% cases were shown to have complete choanal obstruction (grade 4).Conclusions: There is significant association between the size of adenoids and OME. The X-ray nasopharynx provides a more convenient method and nasal endoscopy is the gold standard method for determining whether the AH is clinically significant or not
DAPSONE HYPERSENSITIVITY SYNDROME: A COMPLICATION OF DAPSONE THERAPY
Dapsone is chemically sulfonamide with its leprostatic mechanism used in the treatment of Hansen’s disease. It is one of the safest drugs in leprosy patients. Apart from its safety, it is associated with various adverse effects such as hemolytic anemia, allergic dermatitis, agranulocytosis, methaemoglobinemia, and dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome (DHS). DHS typically presents with fever, skin eruptions, Jaundice, and hepatomegaly (organ involvement). We present a case of 35-year-old female attended to Government General Hospital with complaints of fever, skin rashes, and yellowish discoloration of the eyes. She had past medication history of dapsone taken for paucibacillary leprosy for 4 weeks. Her symptoms appeared after a month and become intolerable to dapsone. Laboratory investigations revealed hepatomegaly, anemic with jaundice. Based on dermatological examination, her diagnosis was confirmed as DHS. The drug was stopped and the patient was treated with drugs for the symptomatic cure. She was recovered from her condition and the multibacillary leprosy multidrug treatment regimen was continued without dapsone
Nutritive value of unconventional fibrous ingredients fed to Guinea pigs in the Democratic Republic of Congo
peer reviewedThe energy and protein value for Guinea pigs (GP) of 9 forages (7 dicots and 2 grasses) and 5 hay-based diets was determined. The apparent faecal digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and energy was measured on GP housed in metabolic cages. The forages and the diets were digested in vitro using pepsin and pancreatin hydrolysis and gas fermentation test to simulate stomach, small intestine and large intestine, respectively. Most of the dicots had high digestible crude protein content (152–201 g/kg DM) and the 2 grasses showed lower values (80–85 g/kg DM). Digestible energy content of the forages ranged between 5.79 to 13.08 MJ/kg DM. None of the forage species or hay-based diets provided sufficient energy to supply the 11.7 MJ/kg metabolic energy requirements. The influence of intestinal fermentation on energy and protein values was highlighted by correlations (P<0.05) between in vivo and in vitro data, including gas fermentation. It is the first time that such relationships are reported in single-stomach animals
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: a new potential biocontrol agent of Ralstonia solanacearum, causal agent of potato brown rot
Vitamin D receptor (FokI, BsmI and TaqI) gene polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus : A North Indian study
Background : The vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene is a candidate gene for
susceptibility to several diseases. Studies on association between VDR
polymorphisms and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in different ethnic
populations are yet inconclusive. Aims : This study was conducted to
evaluate association between VDR polymorphisms and genetic
susceptibility to T2DM in the north Indian population. Settings and
Design : One hundred clinically diagnosed T2DM patients and 160 healthy
controls from the north Indian population were recruited for genetic
association study. Materials and Methods : Genomic DNA was extracted
from blood and genotyped for the single nucleotide polymorphism SNPs of
FokI (T/C) [rs2228570], BsmI (A/G) [rs1544410] and TaqI (C/T)
[rs731236] by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length
polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Statistical Analysis Used : Genotype
distribution and allelic frequencies were compared between patients and
controls. Mean values and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence
interval (CI) were calculated using SPSS software (version 15.0).
Results : The genotype distribution, allele and haplotype frequencies
of VDR polymorphism did not differ significantly between patients and
controls. Mean age and waist-hip ratio of patients were found to be
associated with VDR polymorphism. Combination studies showed FFBbtt
increased the risk of T2DM in north Indians. Conclusions : Our data
suggest that VDR gene polymorphism in combination of genotypes is
associated with the risk of T2DM and thus requires further studies as a
probable genetic risk marker for T2DM