International Socialist Division of Labor (Criteria of Effectiveness)

The emergence and continuous strengthening of the might of the world socialist system have opened the way to an economic rapprochement between the socialist nations, to the operation of the tendency, discovered by V. I. Lenin, "toward the creation of a single world economy regulated by the proletariat of all nations in accordance with a common plan" (>u>Collected Works>/u> [Soch.], Vol. 31, p. 125). As distinguished from capitalism, socialist production relations, far from interfering with the manifestation of this tendency, promote its realization in every possible way. "Only socialism," N. S. Khrushchev stressed, "is capable of coping with the task of genuine internationalization of economic life, which is dictated by the present-day level of productive forces." One of the most important conditions for achieving this goal is the further development and improvement of the international socialist division of labor - the foundation of the economic cooperation of the socialist countries and of the development of the world socialist system as a single economic entity. The socialist states have achieved major successes on the road toward this goal. The intensification of the international socialist division of labor is attested to by the growth of the trade exchange between the socialist countries, which increased between 1956 and 1958 at the average rate of 8.5% per year, as compared with 14.2% between 1959 and 1961.

Problems of the Economic Efficiency of Foreign Trade in the Socialist Countries

The achievement of the Party Program requires the most expedient use of the material and labor resources. The 22nd Party Congress established as the objective of the economic agencies to achieve the utmost results in economic undertakings with the least expenditures, i.e., to increase their efficiency to the maximum.

Industrial Clusters in Russia: The Development of Special Economic Zones and Industrial Parks

This paper investigates the process of developing and implementing special economic zones (SEZs) and industrial parks in Russia. Governments commonly use SEZ policies to develop and diversify exports, create jobs and launch technology/knowledge sharing. The industrial cluster concept is based on the significance of rivalry and supplier networks within the cluster, the combination of geographical specificities and government policies that lead to innovation and productivity growth. This study reveals that in Russia the government′s approach in developing these initiatives has strongly interfered with business activities and prevented the vital competitive and collaborative behavior of firms within these economic zones