Synthesis of new p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene-based polyammonium triazolyl amphiphiles and their binding with nucleoside phosphates

© 2018 Burilov et al. The synthesis of new calix[4]arenes adopting a cone stereoisomeric form bearing two or four azide fragments on the upper rim and water-soluble triazolyl amphiphilic receptors with two or four polyammonium headgroups via copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction has been performed for the first time. It was found that the synthesized macrocycles form stable aggregates with hydrodynamic diameters between 150–200 nm and electrokinetic potentials about +40 to +60 mV in water solutions. Critical aggregation concentration (CAC) values were measured using a micelle method with pyrene and eosin Y as dye probes. The CAC values of tetraalkyl-substituted macrocycles 12a,b (5 µM for both) are significantly lower than those for dialkyl-substituted macrocycles 10a,b (790 and 160 µM, respectively). Premicellar aggregates of macrocycles 10a,b and 12a,b with the dye eosin Y were used for nucleotides sensing through a dye replacement procedure. It is unusual that disubstituted macrocycles 10a,b bind more effectively a less charged adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) than adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). A simple colorimetric method based on polydiacetylene vesicles decorated with 10b was elaborated for the naked-eye detection of ADP with a detection limit of 0.5 mM

Влияние биоцидных растворов и влажного хранения тканей на биологические свойства стенки аорты у свиней

Aim.To evaluate the effects of long-term wet treatment of porcine aortic wall fragments with biocidal solutions (glutaraldehyde, antibiotics, alcohol-glycerin mixture, complex alcohol solution (CAS)) on the severity of degradation of samples’ connective matrix and their long-term ability to accumulate calcium during subcutaneous implantation in laboratory rats (1 and 3 months).Methods.Histological analysis of freshly collected material was performed after 50 days of treatment with various biocidal solutions and after subcutaneous implantation of samples in small laboratory animals at 1 and 3 months. Calcium was measured with the atomic absorption spectroscopy after 3 months of subcutaneous implantation.Results.Histological analysis reported that connective matrix of samples treated with glutaraldehyde, antibiotics, and CAS was similar to the native one (with the exception of partial loss of cellular components in samples). After 1 month of implantation, a moderate degradation of connective tissue was found. The treatment with the alcohol-glycerin mixture was associated with the most severe degradation. After 3 months of implantation, glutaraldehyde-treated samples had the most preserved connective matrix, while alcohol-glycerin-treated samples demonstrated severe connective matrix injury. However, severe calcific deposits were found in samples treated with glutaraldehyde, whereas mild ones were detected in samples treated with alcohol-glycerin. Atomic absorption spectroscopy reported that calcific deposits in Cas- and alcohol-glycerin-treated samples were 2.3 and 1.8 times lower than those in glutaraldehyde-treated samples. The calcium content in samples treated with antibiotics did not differ significantly from those in glutaraldehyde-treated samplesConclusion.The comprehensive analysis of the effects of various treatment media on the stability of connective matrix to subsequent degradation and its ability to accumulate calcium found that CAS was the most preferred medium for long-term wet treatment of xenoprosthetic vascular tissue.Цель.Оценить влияние длительного влажного хранения фрагментов стенок аорт свиньи в биоцидных растворах (глутаральдегиде, коктейле антибиотиков, смеси спирта-глицерина, комплексном спиртовом растворе) на выраженность деградации соединительнотканного каркаса образцов и его способность аккумулировать соли кальция при подкожной имплантации мелким лабораторным животным в динамике (1 и 3 мес.).Материалы и методы.Проведен гистологический анализ свежезабранного материала по истечении 50 сут. хранения в различных биоцидных растворах и после подкожной имплантации образцов крысам WAG на 1 и 3 мес. Количественное определение содержания кальция выполнено методом атомно-абсорбционной спектроскопии после 3 мес. подкожной имплантации экспериментальной ткани.Результаты.По данным гистологического анализа образцов после хранения в экспериментальных средах выявлено, что в группах глутаральдегида, антибиотиков и комплексного спиртового раствора состояние соединительнотканного каркаса наиболее близко к норме (за исключением некоторой утраты клеточности в образцах). После месяца имплантации отмечалось прогрессирование деградации соединительной ткани, максимально выраженное в группе спирта-глицерина. После 3 мес. имплантации наиболее внешне сохранным соединительнотканный каркас выглядел в образцах группы глутаральдегида, в то время как материал группы спирта-глицерина имел самые выраженные нарушения. Однако именно в группе глутаральдегида кальцификация стромы препарата визуально была максимальной, в группе спирта-глицерина – минимальной. Методом атомно-абсорбционной спектроскопии установлено, что содержание кальция в группах комплексного спиртового раствора и спирта-глицерина статистически значимо ниже, чем в группе глутаральдегида. Содержание кальция в группе антибиотиков не имело статистически значимых отличий от группы глутаральдегида.Заключение.На основании данных комплексной оценки влияния различных сред хранения на устойчивость соединительнотканного каркаса к последующей деградации и его способности накапливать кальций можно сделать вывод, что предпочтительной средой для длительного влажного хранения ксенопротезной сосудистой ткани является комплексный спиртовой раствор

Functional dairy product

A functional orientation fermented milk product on a direct starter with the apple powder addition was obtained. The apple pomace powder obtained under gentle conditions enriches the kefir product with pectin substances, vitamins E, B2, B6, iron and potassium. The apple pomace powder was obtained in a vibration vacuum dryer - a mill, which provides drying under vacuum with the combination of grinding processes and intensive vibrational action. This technology allows obtaining a fine powder with a moisture content of 4–6%, minimizing the raw material valuable components loss during drying, since the process temperature is no higher than 40o C. The starter consists of thermophilic, mesophilic lactic acid Streptococcus,and Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lасtococcus lactis sp lactis, Laсtococcus lactis sp. cremoris, Laсtococcus lactis sp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis, Saccharomyces unisporus, Streptococcus salivarius sp. thermophiles). The nutritional value of kefir product with the functional powder introduction was calculated. An approbation of the proposed K-10,12 starter for the preparation of kefir product with the apple powder addition and the analysis of consumer properties in comparison with traditional kefir were carried out. Each starter batch was analyzed for the absence of extraneous microflora, by microscopic examination and the presence of gas-forming microflora. Quality control indicators of enriched kefir product was being conducted during the entire shelf life. Organoleptic and physico-chemical quality assessment of the finished dairy product was performed on a 10-point scale. The control of microbiological indicators of kefir product was carried out in comparison with traditional kefir, obtained with the use of ordinary kefir fungi. The use of direct starter for kefir production solves many technological problems and makes its manufacture in small enterprises possible

Synthesis of new p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene-based polyammonium triazolyl amphiphiles and their binding with nucleoside phosphates

© 2018 Burilov et al. The synthesis of new calix[4]arenes adopting a cone stereoisomeric form bearing two or four azide fragments on the upper rim and water-soluble triazolyl amphiphilic receptors with two or four polyammonium headgroups via copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction has been performed for the first time. It was found that the synthesized macrocycles form stable aggregates with hydrodynamic diameters between 150–200 nm and electrokinetic potentials about +40 to +60 mV in water solutions. Critical aggregation concentration (CAC) values were measured using a micelle method with pyrene and eosin Y as dye probes. The CAC values of tetraalkyl-substituted macrocycles 12a,b (5 µM for both) are significantly lower than those for dialkyl-substituted macrocycles 10a,b (790 and 160 µM, respectively). Premicellar aggregates of macrocycles 10a,b and 12a,b with the dye eosin Y were used for nucleotides sensing through a dye replacement procedure. It is unusual that disubstituted macrocycles 10a,b bind more effectively a less charged adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) than adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). A simple colorimetric method based on polydiacetylene vesicles decorated with 10b was elaborated for the naked-eye detection of ADP with a detection limit of 0.5 mM

Underweight and gynecological disorders young women

The results of kogornogo prospective study on the prevalence of underweight, frequency and structure of gynecological diseases in women 20—25 years old. Found that the prevalence of underweight in this cohort of 122,61‰, the prevalence of gynecological diseases — 489,83‰. They predominate inflammatory disease (47,9%), menstrual disorders (25,7%) and non-inflammatory disease of the cervix (20,3%). There is evidence that women with underweight incidence of gynecological diseases is 1,5 times higher compared to normovesnymi peers, low body weight in this cohort have a negative impact on the incidence of dysmenorrhea and menstrual disorders, as well as a risk factor for endometriosis. For women with underweight typical late menarche, slowing the formation of menstruation at puberty is reached reproductive age — the menstrual cycle on postponiruyuschemu type and high frequency of irregular and prolonged menstruation

Immobilized Bisphosphonates as Potential Inhibitors of Bioprosthetic Calcification: Effects on Various Xenogeneic Cardiovascular Tissues

Calcification is the major factor limiting the clinical use of bioprostheses. It may be prevented by the immobilization of bisphosphonic compounds (BPs) on the biomaterial. In this study, we assessed the accumulation and structure of calcium phosphate deposits in collagen-rich bovine pericardium (Pe) and elastin-rich porcine aortic wall (Ao) and bovine jugular vein wall (Ve) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) or diepoxy compound (DE). These tissues were then modified with pamidronic (PAM) acid or 2-(2′-carboxyethylamino)ethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonic (CEABA) acid. Tissue transformations were studied using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. After subcutaneous implantation of the biomaterials in 220 rats, calcification dynamics were examined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, light microscopy after von Kossa staining, and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy The calcium content in all GA-cross-linked tissues and DE-cross-linked Ao increased to 100–160 mg/g on day 60 after implantation. BPs prevented the accumulation of phosphates on the surface of all materials and most effectively inhibited calcification in GA-cross-linked Ao and DE-cross-linked Pe. PAM containing -OH in the R1 group was more effective than CEABA containing -H in R1. The calcification-inhibitory effect of BPs may be realized through their ability to block nucleation and prevent the growth of hydroxyapatite crystals

Front Guard

FIELD: construction. SUBSTANCE: temporary fencing of door and window openings in buildings or structures under construction. The effect is achieved in that the protective fence of the openings includes vertical elements to which horizontal elements are attached, while the horizontal elements are made composite, and horizontal forks are mounted to the ends of a pair of vertical elements, each equipped with a locking screw with a plate, while the horizontal elements located in the upper and the lower parts of the pair of vertical elements are formed from three tubular segments, in which holes are made at regular intervals, and the middle segment is made with the possibility of complete or partial immersion of the segments located at its ends into it, and each middle segment is equipped with two fixing studs with nuts and washers. EFFECT: high technological reliability. 1 cl, 2 dwg.Изобретение относится к области строительства, а именно к временным ограждениям дверных и оконных проемов в строящихся зданиях или сооружениях. Технический результат заключается в том, что предлагаемое конструктивное решение защитного ограждения проемов обеспечивает его высокую технологическую надежность. Технический результат достигается тем, что защитное ограждение проемов включает вертикальные элементы, к которым прикреплены горизонтальные элементы, при этом горизонтальные элементы выполнены составными, а к торцам пары вертикальных элементов смонтированы горизонтальные вилочные захваты, каждый из которых оснащен стопорящим винтом c пластиной, при этом горизонтальные элементы, расположенные в верхней и нижней частях пары вертикальных элементов, образованы из трех трубчатых сегментов, в которых выполнены отверстия с регулярным шагом, причем средний сегмент выполнен с возможностью полного или частичного погружения в него сегментов, расположенных по его торцам, при этом каждый средний сегмент снабжен двумя фиксирующими шпильками с гайками и шайбами. 2 ил

Epoxy- versus Glutaraldehyde-Treated Bovine Jugular Vein Conduit for Pulmonary Valve Replacement: A Comparison of Morphological Changes in a Pig Model

Valved conduits are often required to replace pulmonary arteries (PA). A widely used Contegra device is made of bovine jugular vein (BJV), preserved with glutaraldehyde (GA) and iso-propanol. However, it has several drawbacks that may be attributed to its chemical treatment. We hypothesized that the use of an alternative preservation compound may significantly improve BJV conduit performance. This study aimed to compare the macroscopic and microscopic properties of the BJV treated with diepoxide (DE) and GA in a porcine model. Twelve DE-BJVs and four Contegra conduits were used for PA replacement in minipigs. To assess the isolated influence of GA, we included an additional control group—BJV treated with 0.625% GA (n = 4). The animals were withdrawn after 6 months of follow-up and the conduits were examined. Explanted DE-BJV had a soft elastic wall with no signs of thrombosis or calcification and good conduit integration, including myofibroblast germination, an ingrowth of soft connective tissue formations and remarkable neoangiogenesis. The inner surface of DE-BJVs was covered by a thin neointimal layer with a solid endothelium. Contegra grafts had a stiffer wall with thrombosis on the leaflets. Calcified foci, chondroid metaplasia, and hyalinosis were observed within the wall. The distal anastomotic sites had hyperplastic neointima, partially covered with the endothelium. The wall of GA-BJV was stiff and rigid with degenerative changes, a substantial amount of calcium deposits and dense fibrotic formations in adventitia. An irregular neointimal layer was presented in the anastomotic sites without endothelial cover in the GA BJV wall. These results demonstrate that DE treatment improves conduit integration and the endothelialization of the inner surface while preventing the mineralization of the BJV, which may reduce the risk of early conduit dysfunction