Comparison of risk assessment models of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carrier in patients with breast cancer.

Analysis of efficiency of the algorithm BOADICEA using and Manchester scoring system to predict the carrier of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Ukranian patients with breast cancer was performed. Materials for this study were the results of clinical, imunogistological, pathogistological, genealogical, molecular genetic researches of 146 patients with breast cancer. Calculations of mutations risk were performed using BOADICEA algorithm and Manchester scoring system. In the total group of patients the area under the curve while predicting BRCA1 mutations with algorithm BOADICEA was 0.86, with Manchester scoring system - 0.84, and in calculation of the combined risk of BRCA mutations - 0.83 and 0.84, respectively. However, statistical difference between the areas of algorithms has not been established (p> 0.05), it indicates to the same discriminatory power of the test models. Better sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of results of BOADICEA algorithm was reached in 6% of BRCA1 probability and in 8% threshold of BRCA1/2 mutations. The Manchester scoring system has showed the best operating characteristics with 6 and 13-point probability of BRCA1 and BRCA1/2 mutations respectively. Patients with probability of mutations with such thresholds may be offered molecular study of pathogenic alleles

CP and related phenomena in the context of Stellar Evolution

We review the interaction in intermediate and high mass stars between their evolution and magnetic and chemical properties. We describe the theory of Ap-star `fossil' fields, before touching on the expected secular diffusive processes which give rise to evolution of the field. We then present recent results from a spectropolarimetric survey of Herbig Ae/Be stars, showing that magnetic fields of the kind seen on the main-sequence already exist during the pre-main sequence phase, in agreement with fossil field theory, and that the origin of the slow rotation of Ap/Bp stars also lies early in the pre-main sequence evolution; we also present results confirming a lack of stars with fields below a few hundred gauss. We then seek which macroscopic motions compete with atomic diffusion in determining the surface abundances of AmFm stars. While turbulent transport and mass loss, in competition with atomic diffusion, are both able to explain observed surface abundances, the interior abundance distribution is different enough to potentially lead to a test using asterosismology. Finally we review progress on the turbulence-driving and mixing processes in stellar radiative zones.Comment: Proceedings of IAU GA in Rio, JD4 on Ap stars; 10 pages, 7 figure

Projection into the future: combination of orphenadrine and diclofenac in patients with bone metastases

Introduction. Radiation therapy is an effective method of treating pain in patients with bone metastases, but during radiotherapy there is often an increase in pain. The presence of a new drug containing a combination of orphenadrine and diclofenac in oncologists expands the possibilities of analgesia.Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the use of a fixed combination of diclofenac and orphenadrine in patients with pain due to metastatic bone damage during radiotherapy.Materials and methods. The patients were randomized into two groups: the first group (n = 30) received the drug Neodolpasse intravenously once a day for two days; the second - 2 times a day (n = 30) - 2 days. Efficacy was evaluated based on the following measurements: intensity of pain by NRS immediately after administration of the drug, after 30 minutes, after 1, 2, 4 and 24 hours, the dynamics of daily doses of analgesics.Results and discussion. In group 1, a meaningful decrease in pain intensity (p < 0.05) from 48.7 ± 10.6 mm to 26.8 ± 10.7 mm was achieved 30 minutes after the completion of infusion. The pain intensity measured by the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) reached its minimum value 2 hours after the completion of infusion (22.5 ± 12.0 mm). In group 2, the pain intensity decreased 30 minutes after the completion of infusion, a meaningful decrease (p < 0.05) in pain intensity was achieved from 56.5 ± 9.8 mm to 34.0 ± 10.5 mm, and up to 29.8 ± 10.2 mm after the second dose. The pain intensity decreased by 45.9% in group 1 and by 47.9% in group 2 towards the end of the Neodolpasse therapy cycle. During the study, two mild to moderate adverse events (nausea, drop in blood pressure) that did not require any significant drug therapy were observed.Conclusion. The results of the study confirm that the use of the drug according to the proposed method is a safe and effective way of treating pain syndrome during radiotherapy in patients with metastatic bone damage

Statistics of Magnetic Fields for OB Stars

Based on an analysis of the catalog of magnetic fields, we have investigated the statistical properties of the mean magnetic fields for OB stars. We show that the mean effective magnetic field ${\cal B}$ of a star can be used as a statistically significant characteristic of its magnetic field. No correlation has been found between the mean magnetic field strength ${\cal B}$ and projected rotational velocity of OB stars, which is consistent with the hypothesis about a fossil origin of the magnetic field. We have constructed the magnetic field distribution function for B stars, $F({\cal B})$, that has a power-law dependence on ${\cal B}$ with an exponent of $\approx -1.82$. We have found a sharp decrease in the function $F({\cal B})$F for {\cal B}\lem 400 G that may be related to rapid dissipation of weak stellar surface magnetic fields.Comment: 22 pages, 7 figures, accepted Astronomy Letters, 2010, vol.36, No.5, pp.370-379, contact E-mail: [email protected]

Features of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 synthesis by local fat depots of different localization in cardiovascular diseases

Aim. To determine the features of expression and secretion of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) by subcutaneous, epicardial and perivascular adipocytes depending on the complexity of coronary artery disease (CAD).Material and methods. The study included 86 patients with CAD, including 35 with moderate atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries (CA) (SYNTAX Score ≤22), 22 with severe (SYNTAX Score of 23-31 pints), 29 with extremely severe (SYNTAX Score ≥32). As a comparison group, 52 patients with heart defects were examined. During an elective surgical intervention, adipose tissue (AT) samples were obtained for subsequent cultivation and determination of PAI-1 gene expression and PAI-1 secretion in AT supernatants of various localizations. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10.0.Results. In CAD, PAI-1 production in all three types of AT and plasma PAI-1 concentration were increased compared with patients with heart defects. Epicardial AT (EAT) in CAD was characterized by the maximum levels of expression and secretion of PAI-1 relative to patients with heart defects and subcutaneous and perivascular (PVAT) fat depots. Moderate coronary involvement (adipose tissue <22) is characterized by the lowest expression and secretion of PAI-1 in all types of AT and plasma concentration of PAI-1. Direct correlations of PAI-1 expression and secretion in EAT and PVAT and plasma PAI-1 level with its secretion in EAT in patients with CAD and heart defects were revealed. A direct correlation between the plasma level of PAI-1 and its secretion in PVAT was found only in CAD.Conclusion. In CAD, there is not only an increase in the plasma PAI-1 level, but also an increase in the expression of PAI-1 gene and the secretion of PAI-1 in all three types of AT compared with patients with heart defects. PAI-1 expression and secretion in EAT, PAI-1 plasma level, and age are predictors of severe/extremely severe coronary involvement in CAD

Optimization of blood pressure control, organ protection and metabolic disorders using a fixed-dose combination of lisinopril+amlodipine+rosuvastatin in hypertensive patients after COVID-19

Aim. To evaluate the potential of a fixed-dose combination of lisinopril+amlodipine+rosuvastatin (Equamer®) in achieving additional vascular protection in patients with hypertension and high pulse wave velocity (PWV) after severe and very severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), complicated by bilateral multisegmental viral pneumonia, with the use of biological therapy, who had not previously received combination antihypertensive therapy.Material and methods. This 12-week open-label observational study included 30 patients with or without antihypertensive therapy. The patients underwent 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, applanation tonometry (determination of the augmentation index (AI) and central blood pressure (CBP)), PWV measurement, blood laboratory tests (lipid profile, fasting glucose, C-reactive protein, complete blood count, ferritin, fibrinogen, D-dimer, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, uric acid) before and after switch to a fixed-dose combination of lisinopril+amlodipine+rosuvastatin.Results. At baseline, the patients had an increase in office blood pressure (BP) up to 152,6/89,1 mm Hg. After prescribing a fixed-dose combination of lisinopril+amlodipine+rosuvastatin, there was a decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 15,8% and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 12,2%. According to 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, the decrease in SBP was 15%, DBP — by 9%, PWV — by 23,8%, AI — by 9%, CBP — by 12,4% (p<0,05 for all compared to baseline values). Vascular age (VA) was initially increased to 41,9 years with a chronological age of 35,03 years. After the end of therapy, there was a significant decrease in VA to 36,5 years, low-density lipoproteins by 46,8%, triglycerides by 16,8% and an increase in high-density lipoproteins by 10,7% (p<0,05 for all compared to baseline values). In addition, the levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, D-dimer, glucose, and uric acid significantly decreased.Conclusion. The fixed-dosed combination of lisinopril+amlodipine+rosuvastatin provides better blood pressure control, improved vascular elasticity parameters (AI, PWV, CBP, decrease in VA), and also improves lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, reduces inflammation in patients with hypertension and hyperlipidemia after severe COVID-19

FEATURES OF IMMUNE RESPONSE IN PRETERM BABIES WITH BRONCHOPULMONARY DISPLASIA OF VARIOUS SEVERITY

To evaluate the immunity indexes in the children who were born with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) of varying severity at very early delivery terms (22-27 weeks), dynamic examinations were performed in 35 infants: 17 children were with severe BPD; 18, with mild-severity and moderately severe BPD. The comparison group consisted of seven children born at 22-27 weeks of gestational age without signs of BPD. Relative numbers of lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, CD16+CD56+, CD4+CD25+), and monocytes (CD14+CD64+, CD14+HLA-DR+) were determined by flow cytometry. The level of cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-4) was measured by enzyme immunoassay technique. The features of immune status in children with BPD of severe, mild and moderate severity were discerned. It was found that the predictors of severe BPD development in the children born at very early terms, are: increased content of IL-8 at birth and at the age of 1 month, reduced level of expression on monocytes (CD64, HLA-DR) on the 1 month of life, and CD14+CD64+ cells at 38-40 weeks post conception. The revealed features of immune status in newborns with BPD can be used to assess the effectiveness of the therapy, which requires further research in this direction

ЛАБОРАТОРНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ АНТИПАРАЗИТАРНОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ ЛЕВАМИЗОЛА ПРИ ФИЛОМЕТРОИДОЗЕ КАРПА (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758)

Objective of research:  studies of efficacy of levamisole used against philometroidosis in carp in laboratory conditions.  Materials and methods:   Experiments were conducted on scaly carps with the body mass 300 g. spontaneously infected with  Philometra lusiana.  In carp the clinical signs of  philometroidosis have been detected. The intensity of infection before the experiment was 10–20 parasites/fish.  Carps were divided into 6 groups by  10  fish in each group.   Levamisole was  injected through the catheter to fishes of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 group at the doses of 100, 50, 25, 15 and 5 mg/kg, respectively with the use of 2% starch gel.  Fish of the 6th group did not receive the preparation and served as controls.  The efficacy of preparation was evaluated  7 days later by most-mortem examination to determine females  Ph. lusiana  in the scale pockets and males between  the air  bladder walls.  Scrapes from the air bladder walls were investigated under a microscope at the 56 times magnification; the intensity and extensity of invasion were determined.  Results and discussion: Levamisole is highly effective against philometroidosis in carp. The drug used at the dose 100–15 mg/kg causes death of females and males Ph. lusiana. Levamisole  at the dose 5 mg/kg   is not effective,  at the dose 100 mg/kg may reduce the feeding activity in fish.Цель исследования  –  изучение эффективности левамизола при филометроидозе карпа в лабораторных условиях. Материалы и методы. Опыт проводили на чешуйчатых карпах массой тела 300 г, спонтанно инвазированных  Philometra lusiana. У карпа отмечали клинические признаки филометроидоза. Интенсивность инвазии составила до опыта 10–20 экз./особь. Карпов разделили на 6 групп по 10 особей в группе. Рыбе 1, 2, 3, 4 и 5-й групп вводили через катетер левамизол в дозе соответственно 100, 50, 25, 15 и 5 мг/кг в составе 2%-ного крахмального геля. Рыба 6-й группы препарат не получала и служила контролем. Эффективность препарата учитывали через 7 суток путем вскрытия рыбы для обнаружения самок Ph.  lusiana  в чешуйных кармашках и самцов между оболочками плавательных пузырей. Соскобы оболочки пузыря исследовали под микроскопом при увеличении в 56 раз и определяли экстенсивность и интенсивность инвазии. Результаты  и обсуждение.  Левамизол высокоэффективен при филометроидозе карпов. Препарат приводит к гибели самок и самцов  Ph. lusiana  в дозах 100–15 мг/кг. В дозе 5 мг/кг левамизол не эффективен, в дозе 100 мг/кг вызывает снижение пищевой активности рыб.

Prognostic criteria of the formation of neurological pathology in the neonatal period for the childrenborn by cesarean section

Aim of study: To determine prognostic markers of the risk of realization of perinatal pathology of central nervous system (CNS) for the children born by Caesarean sections. Materials and methods: A biochemical and immunological study of umbilical cord blood of the newborn children born by Caesarean sections with the perinatal pathology CNS (n=28) and without perinatal pathology CNS (n=15) was carred out.Results and discussion: It was found that the cord blood of babies born by surgery and have developed a neonatal neurological pathology, there is a significant decrease in the level ofpH, partial pressure of oxygen content of the true and standard bicarbonate, and the increase in the deficit of buffer bases of whole blood and interstitial liquid, high concentrations of IL-1ß, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a, neurospecifi cenolazy, compared with to analogical indexes of infants without neurological pathology. Prognostic markers (standard bicarbonate, IL-6, IL-8), reflecting the development of neurological pathology in the neonatal period were identified.Цель исследования: определение прогностических маркеров риска реализации перинатального поражения ЦНС в неонатальном периоде у детей, родившихся путем операции кесарева сечения. Материалы и методы: проведено биохимическое и иммунологическое исследование пуповинной крови новорожденных детей, родившихся путем операции кесарева сечения, с реализованным перинатальным поражением ЦНС (п=28) и не имеющих перинатального поражения ЦНС (п=15). Результаты и обсуждение: установлено, что в пуповинной крови детей, родившихся оперативным путем и развивших в неонатальном периоде неврологическую патологию, отмечается достоверное снижение уровня pH, парциального давления кислорода, содержания истинного и стандартного бикарбоната, а также увеличение дефицита буферных оснований цельной крови и межклеточной жидкости, повышенное содержание IL-1ß,IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a, нейро-специфической енолазы, по сравнению с аналогичными показателями новорожденных, не имеющих неврологической патологии. Выделены прогностические маркеры (стандартный бикарбонат, IL-6, IL-8) отражающие развитие неврологических нарушений в неонатальном периоде