CURRENT PROBLEMS OF THE SCIENCE OF LAW: A CIVILIST’S VIEW. REVIEW OF THE MONOGRAPH OF V. F. POPONDOPULO “HUMAN ACTIVITY: LEGAL FORMS OF IMPLEMENTATION AND PUBLIC ORGANIZATION” (M.: PROSPECT, 2021. 736 P.)

The article provides a detailed analysis of the monograph V. F. Popondopulo “Human activity: legal forms of implementation and a public organization”. The review author notes the relevance of the monograph, its integrated and comprehensive nature, allowing to deeply explore the phenomenon of human activity as the basis of law enforcement. According to the author, the concept developed by V. F. Popondopulo has a high scientific and practical value, since it lays the foundation of the theory of law that promotes the crisis of the theoretical and methodological foundations of sectoral legal sciences, primarily the science of civil law. Even though in the monograph V. F. Popondopulo present certain discussion provisions, they, according to the author, not only do not reduce the values of the study, but also stimulate an in-depth study of the problems considered in the study

Forward observables at RHIC, the Tevatron run II and the LHC

We present predictions on the total cross sections and on the ratio of the real part to the imaginary part of the elastic amplitude (rho parameter) for present and future pp and pbar p colliders, and on total cross sections for gamma p -> hadrons at cosmic-ray energies and for gamma gamma -> hadrons up to sqrt(s)=1 TeV. These predictions are based on a study of many possible analytic parametrisations and invoke the current hadronic dataset at t=0. The uncertainties on total cross sections, including the systematic theoretical errors, reach 1% at RHIC, 3% at the Tevatron, and 10% at the LHC, whereas those on the rho parameter are respectively 10%, 17%, and 26%.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX, presented at the Second International "Cetraro" Workshop & NATO Advanced Research Workshop "Diffraction 2002", Alushta, Crimea, Ukraine, August 31 - September 6, 200

Praetor Formula as an Instrument of Conceptual Legal Thinking in Roman Private Law of the Pre-Classical and Classical Periods

The article discusses the formula, which is a means of fixing the claim in Roman private law of the pre -classical and classical periods. The nature and essence of the formula are quite little studied in the special legal literature. At the same time, most authors are limited to the general characteristic of the structure of the formulas, indicating that in the formulary process the documentary formula had the same meaning that in the legis actio were legitimate claims declared orally. According to the authors, the study of the formula should be based on the general laws of the evolution of Roman private law. The work proves that the emergence of the formula is an indicator of the transformation of associative-shaped legal thinking into a conceptual thinking, and the formula itself is an important tool for conceptual thinking used to construct subjective rights, as well as giving them formal certainty and legal force

Legal Science and Development of the Educational Competencies of the Lawyer

In the article some theoretical questions of the competence approach in the sphere of higher legal education are considered. According to the authors, the development of the entire system of educational competencies of students is facilitated by the formation of their research and development competencies, which for this reason should be given special attention. Based on this, the paper suggests recommendations for improving the competence approach

ЛИНГВОСЕМИОТИЧЕСКОЕ КОНСТРУИРОВАНИЕ КУЛЬТУРНОЙ РЕАЛЬНОСТИ: СИНХРОНИЯ И ДИАХРОНИЯ

В работе рассматриваются основные закономерности и этапы эволюционной динамики знакового конструирования культурной реальности, издавна привлекавшего к себе внимание как философов, так и ученых. В этой связи в литературе наметились два подхода к семиотике – широкое и узкое. Согласно первому подходу, семиотика есть универсальное метаописание всех видов реальности, а потому любой феномен имеет знаковую форму. С точки зрения представителей второго подхода, семиотическому описанию поддаются только результаты человеческой деятельности. Следуя данному подходу, автор полагает, что язык, а также иные знаковые системы конструируют феномены культурной реальности, представляющей собой упорядоченную совокупность феноменов, созданных индивидами в процессе творческой деятельности. Важнейшим средством конструирования культурной реальности является язык, по образу которого организуются и другие знаковые системы (право, мораль, наука и т.п.). Автор показывает, что язык выполняет две основные функции – знаково-конструирующую и нормативную. Культура как совокупность знаковых систем, с одной стороны, конструирует реальность, выступающую ее референтом, и, с другой стороны, организует поведение индивидов, позволяя им надлежащим образом взаимодействовать с феноменами реальности, а также друг с другом. По мнению автора, мышление и язык выступают равноправными и взаимно обусловливающими друг друга сторонами знакового конструирования реальности, что исключает постановку вопроса о примате языка над мышлением. На основе сформулированных общих положений автор намечает основные этапы семиотической динамики культурной реальности. Такими этапами выступают: 1) индексальные знаки (жесты), выступавшие исторически первичным средством коммуникации, 2) иконические синсигнумы (пиктограммы), 3) иконические легисигнумы (иероглифы), 4) символы-синсигнумы и 5) символылегисигнумы. Как показано в работе, каждая следующая стадия эволюции характеризуется все большей утратой семиотическими единицами предметного содержания и нарастанием их отрыва от означаемого, влекущим за собой ослабление мотивированности означающего означаемым

Instituto político del Estado en el contexto del análisis histórico y tipológico

The article is devoted to problems of structuring state created history taking into account a variety of social, political, forms, various speeds of political genesis. Problems of allocation of development stages of the political organizations (statehood) taking into account uncertainty of the general units of the analysis, terms, and concepts of rather various paradigms of structuring and periodization of history are considered. It is shown that the decisive force causing the transformation of all other public sectors is growth, distribution, and deduction of a dominant position of the most effective in the conditions of this period of a political regime.El artículo está dedicado a los problemas de estructuración de la historia creada por el estado teniendo en cuenta una variedad de formas sociales, políticas, diversas velocidades de génesis política. Se consideran los problemas de asignación de etapas de desarrollo de las organizaciones políticas (estatismo) teniendo en cuenta la incertidumbre de las unidades generales del análisis, los términos y los conceptos de varios paradigmas de estructuración y periodización de la historia. Se muestra que la fuerza decisiva que causa la transformación de todos los demás sectores públicos es el crecimiento, la distribución y la deducción de una posición dominante de los más efectivos en las condiciones de este período de un régimen político

The Role of Law in the Formation of the Modern World Multipolarity: Review of the Faculty of Law Section of the North-Western Institute of the Management of the RANEPA in the framework of the VII International Neva Forum

This article provides a review of the meeting of the Section of the Law Faculty of the North-Western Institute for the Directorate of the RANEPA as part of the VII International Neva Forum. It was devoted to the role of law in the formation of a multipolar world in modern geopolitical conditions

Mecanismo de evolução do estado: abordagem do sistema

The article describes and analyzes in detail the state evolution mechanism. The authors show that many different theories and doctrines, various schemes for typologizing the evolutionary forms of the state have been developed over the long history of the existence of legal, philosophical and political sciences. The work content includes the discussion of the difficulties of developing rigorous theories of the evolution of state forms associated with the complexity and ambiguity of particular historical processes of state formation and development.The authors distinguish and consider the evolutionary features of the modern state, justify that the modern state as a historical type possesses a number of features that are not inherent (or partially inherent) in both the traditional and the proto-modern state, which form its evolutionary features, specificity of functioning and evolutionary transformation. In addition, the article identifies and analyzes four main innovative stages in the political and legal institutionalization of modern political domination: civil state, rule-of-law state, democratic rule-of-law state and social rule-of-law state.El artículo describe y analiza en detalle el mecanismo de evolución del estado. Los autores muestran que muchas teorías y doctrinas diferentes, varios esquemas para tipificar las formas evolutivas del estado se han desarrollado a lo largo de la historia en la existencia de las ciencias jurídicas, filosóficas y políticas. El contenido del trabajo incluye la discusión de las dificultades para desarrollar teorías rigurosas sobre la evolución de las formas estatales asociadas con la complejidad y la ambigüedad de procesos históricos particulares de formación y desarrollo estatal.Los autores distinguen y consideran las características evolutivas del estado moderno, justifican que el estado moderno como un tipo histórico posee una serie de características que no son inherentes (o inherentes solo en parte) tanto en el estado tradicional como en el proto-moderno, que forman sus características evolutivas, especificidad de funcionamiento y transformación evolutiva. Además, el artículo identifica y analiza cuatro etapas innovadoras principales en la institucionalización política y legal de la dominación política moderna: estado civil, estado de derecho, estado de derecho democrático y estado de derecho social.O artigo descreve e analisa em detalhes o mecanismo de evolução do estado. Os autores mostram que muitas teorias e doutrinas diferentes, vários esquemas para tipificar as formas evolutivas do estado se desenvolveram ao longo da longa história da existência das ciências jurídicas, filosóficas e políticas. O conteúdo do trabalho inclui a discussão das dificuldades em desenvolver teorias rigorosas sobre a evolução das formas de estado associadas à complexidade e ambiguidade de processos históricos particulares de formação e desenvolvimento do Estado.Os autores distinguir e considerar as características evolutivas do Estado moderno, justificar o Estado moderno como um tipo histórica tem uma série de características que não são inerentes (ou inerente apenas em parte), tanto no status tradicional como o proto-moderno, que eles formam suas características evolutivas, especificidade funcional e transformação evolutiva. Além disso, o artigo identifica e analisa quatro principais etapas inovadoras na institucionalização política e jurídica da dominação política moderna: estado civil, estado de direito, estado democrático de direito e estado de direito social

NEW TECHNOLOGIES OF LEGAL REGULATION IN THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF THE XXI CENTURY. Overview of the III International Scientific and Practical Conference on Public Administration and Social Development “Gorchakov Readings 2021”

This review contains the abstracts of the speeches of the participants of the III International Scientific and Practical Conference on Public Administration and Social Development “Gorchakov’s Readings 2021”, organized by the North-Western Institute of Management of the RANEPA, whose speeches were devoted to the problems of legal regulation that arise in the context of digitalization, the use of artificial intelligence, intensive implementation by the state of technologies in the sphere of public and private relations

Cloud cover and type over the former USSR, 1936-83; trends derived from the RIHMI-WDC 223-station 6- and 3-hourly meteorological database

This paper presents trends analyses of sky cover data from the former U.S.S.R. for the period 1936-83. Observations of total cloud amount, low cloud amount, and low-, middle-, and high-cloud type from 223 stations were obtained from a database of 6- and 3-hourly meteorological observations compiled at the Research Institute of Hydrometeorological Information - World Data Centre in Obninsk, Russia. Station data were averaged over various-sized grid boxes and linear trends in seasonal mean total cloud amount, low cloud amount, frequency of occurrence of cirrus clouds, cirrus amount, and frequency of clear sky were computed for the period 1936-83