Avaliação da estratégia de tratamento parcial do rebanho no controle da mosca-dos-chifres.

A mosca-dos-chifres (MDC) destaca-se dentre os principais ectoparasitos que acometem a pecuária de corte nacional. Seu controle é realizado quase exclusivamente com produtos inseticidas, o que tem levado a sérios problemas de resíduos e resistência. Alternativas não químicas e redução do uso de inseticidas tornam-se essenciais ao controle sustentável deste parasito. O presente estudo avaliou a eficiência do tratamento parcial do rebanho como estratégia de controle da MDC. Quatro experimentos foram conduzidos, utilizando produtos de diferentes classes inseticidas: lactona macrocíclica (ivermectina), fenilpirazol (fipronil), piretróide cipermetrina) e organofosforado+piretróide (clorpirifós+cipermetrina), em formulações pour-on. Em cada experimento, 200 vacas Nelore foram distribuídas em quatro grupos, para avaliação do tratamento de 20%, 50% e 100% do rebanho, além de um grupo não tratado. Contagens periódicas da MDC foram realizadas nos dias 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 e 28 em todos os animais. A eficácia dos produtos nos grupos tratados integralmente foi superior a 90% (exceto pela cipermetrina) ao final da 1ª semana pós-tratamento, sendo de modo geral superior a dos tratados parcialmente nas duas semanas iniciais. Nos grupos tratados parcialmente, a eficácia foi geralmente maior nos grupos com maior frequência de animais tratados. Independente da classe inseticida aplicada e do percentual de animais tratados (20% ou 50%), o tratamento parcial do rebanho apresentou três características principais: a) rápida e acentuada redução das infestações em todo o rebanho, b) menores níveis de redução das infestações e c) menor período de proteção, em relação ao tratamento de todo o rebanho. Apesar da redução no uso de inseticidas e do menor custo, a viabilidade do tratamento parcial do rebanho, como estratégia de controle da MDC, se limita a situações onde um menor nível e período de eficácia sejam aceitáveis, caso contrário, tratamentos adicionais podem ser necessários, comprometendo as vantagens da estratégia. As implicações do tratamento parcial do rebanho no desenvolvimento e manejo da resistência a inseticidas devem ser avaliadas. The horn fly stands out among the main ectoparasites that affect national beef cattle. This livestock pest is controlled almost exclusively by insecticide products, which has led to serious residue and resistance issues. Non-chemical alternatives and reduction of insecticide use are essential for a sustainable control of this parasite. This study evaluated the efficiency of partial herd treatment as a strategy for controlling horn flies. Four experiments were conducted using products from different insecticide classes: macrocyclic lactone (ivermectin) phenylpyrazole (fipronil), pyrethroid (cypermethrin), and an organophosphate-pyrethroid mixture (chlorpyrifos + cypermethrin), in pour-on formulations. In each experiment, 200 Nelore cows were distributed in four groups for evaluation of the treatment of 20, 50, and 100% of the herd, besides an untreated group. Periodic fly counts were performed on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 in all animals. Product efficacy in the full-treated herd exceeded 90% (except for cypermethrin) at the end of the 1st week after treatment, being mostly higher than in partially treated groups in the first two weeks. In the groups partially treated, efficacy was generally higher in the groups with the largest frequency of treated animals. Regardless of the insecticide class and the percentage of treated animals (20% or 50%), the partial treatment of the herd showed three main features: a) fast and marked reduction in infestations throughout the herd, b) lower reduction of horn fly infestations, and c) shorter period of protection, when compared to the full herd treatment. Despite reduction in insecticide use and lower costs, viability of partial herd treatment as a strategy for controlling the horn fly is limited to situations where a lower level and protection period are acceptable; otherwise, the need for additional treatments tends to compromise the advantages of the strategy. The implications of partial herd treatment in the development and management of insecticide resistance should be evaluated.bitstream/item/129471/1/BP125.pd

Monitoramento da campilobacteriose genital bovina no Pantanal Sul-Matogrossense: 1996 a 2004.

bitstream/CPAP/56260/1/CT74.pdfFormato eletrônic

Aumento das infestações pela mosca-dos-chifres em bovinos nelore no Pantanal Sul-Mato-Grossense.

Após sua introdução no norte do país na década de 70, a mosca-dos-chifres (Haematobia irritans) chegou à região Centro-Oeste no início dos anos 90. No Pantanal, sua presença foi registrada pela primeira vez em 1991 (Barros, 1992), demandando conhecimento sobre sua ecologia e controle.bitstream/CPAP-2009-09/56780/1/CT80.pdfFormato eletrônico

Emergency-department accesses in home care paediatric patients: Occurrence and risks of use in a six-year retrospective investigation in Northern Italy

Objective To assess the determinants of ED use in paediatric patients enrolled in an Integrated Paediatric Home Care (IPHC) program. Methods A retrospective study was conducted using administrative databases on a cohort of patients enrolled in an IPHC program between January 1st, 2012, and December 31st, 2017, in Northern Italy. ED visits that occurred during the IPHC program were considered. Data were collected considering sociodemographic, clinical and organizational variables. A multivariable stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed. The dependent variable to identify possible associations was ED visit. Results A total of 463 ED visits occurred in 465 children, with an incidence rate of 1. The risk of ED visits significantly increased among children involved in the IPHC program after hospital discharge (OR 1.94). Additionally, the risk of ED visits increased significantly as the duration of IPHC increased (OR 5.80 between 101 and 200 days, to OR 7.84 between 201 and 300 days, OR 12.54 between 301 and 400 days and OR 18.67 to more than 400 days). Conclusion The overall results represent a practical perspective to contribute improving both the service quality of IPHC and reducing low acuity and improper ED use

Mapeamento de unidades de paisagem em nível de fazenda, Pantanal da Nhecolândia.

bitstream/CPAP-2009-09/56882/1/BP83.pd

A comparison of acute phase proteins and traditional risk factors as markers of combined plaque and intima-media thickness and plaque density in carotid and femoral arteries

AbstractObjectives: to test the hypothesis that some acute phase proteins may be better independent predictors of objective measures of arterial wall impairment than traditional risk factors. Design: cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, C3 complement and traditional risk factors were measured in 288 men aged 55-64 years, randomly chosen from the local registry lists. By ultrasound assessment of the bifurcations of carotid and femoral arteries, maximum combined plaque/intima-media thickness (CPIMTmax) and mean plaque density (MPD, in a grey scale from 0 to 255) were also measured. Results: in multivariate analysis only traditional risk factors remained associated with the overall CPIMTmax: smoking (r = 0.35, p < 0.0001), cholesterol (r = 0.23, p = 0.0001), age (r = 0.22, p = 0.0002), glucose (r = 0.18, p = 0.002) and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.13, p = 0.02). However, with regard to carotid disease only, fibrinogen was the strongest covariate of CPIMT (r = 0.18, p = 0.002). The overall MPD was independently associated with CRP (r = 0.25, p = 0.0008), physical activity (r = 0.19, p = 0.009), triglycerides (r = −0.18, p = 0.02) and body mass index (r = 0.15, p = 0.04). CRP was mainly associated with femoral MPD, while triglycerides were the major (inverse) covariate of carotid MPD. Conclusions: traditional risk factors are the main determinants of CPIMTmax, although fibrinogen seems to play a role in carotids. CRP was associated with high density femoral plaques. Finally, no acute phase protein was independently associated with low density, potentially vulnerable, plaques.Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 26, 81-87 (2003

Procedimentos para aplicação de injeções em equinos: cuidados para evitar acidentes

A aplicação de medicamentos injetáveis em equinos pode ser feita por um técnico habilitado ou até mesmo pelo proprietário do animal, desde que sejam respeitadas as recomendações do médico veterinário, no que se refere à droga utilizada, dose e via medicamentosa prescrita por esse profissional.bitstream/CPAP/56030/1/CT69.pdfFormato eletrônic

From "traction bronchiectasis" to honeycombing in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A spectrum of bronchiolar remodeling also in radiology?

The diagnostic and prognostic impact of traction bronchiectasis on high resolution CT scan (HRCT) in patients suspected to have idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is increasing significantly

A new system for animal products traceability and authentication: use of DNA analysis of natural tracers and example of application to dry cured hams

AbstractA few DNA based approaches have been developed to trace animal products from the farm to the consumer "fork". These approaches make use of the animal DNA that can be recovered during all steps of the production chain directly as part of the products that are obtained from them. This direct link between the animals and the products can be assessed using DNA markers like, for example, single nucleotide polymorphisms and microsatellites, for individual or population based (breed) traceability systems. However, these methods, in general, rely on the possibility to constitute banks of animal biological samples for critical/important steps of the production chain and analyse a large number of samples (individual traceability) or to identify breed/population multilocus informative markers or few specific mutations that can distinguish the breed/population of origin (breed traceability). Here we developed a new traceability and authentication system that makes use of the DNA contained in an added material..