A rare case of leiomyoma of the bladder

Bladder leiomyoma is a benign tumour of the bladder and constitute <0.5% of all bladder tumors. We report a clinical case of a 51‑year‑old female who presented with with symptomatic bladder leiomyoma. An ultrasound examination showed well-defined bladder leiomyoma in the right posterior bladder wall, which was excised through a transurethral resection. The pathologic diagnosis was bladder leiomyoma

Lymphocyte Subsets and Inflammatory Cytokines of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance and Multiple Myeloma

Almost all multiple myeloma (MM) cases have been demonstrated to be linked to earlier monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Nevertheless, there are no identified characteristics in the diagnosis of MGUS that have been helpful in differentiating subjects whose cancer may progress to a malignant situation. Regarding malignancy, the role of lymphocyte subsets and cytokines at the beginning of neoplastic diseases is now incontestable. In this review, we have concentrated our attention on the equilibrium between the diverse lymphocyte subsets and the cytokine system and summarized the current state of knowledge, providing an overview of the condition of the entire system in MGUS and MM. In an age where the therapy of neoplastic monoclonal gammopathies largely relies on drugs capable of acting on the immune system (immunomodulants, immunological checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T), detailed knowledge of the the differences existing in benign and neoplastic forms of gammopathy is the main foundation for the adequate and optimal use of new drugs

A case of primary Hodgkin's lymphoma of the parotid gland. Case report and differentian diagnosis from Kuttner's Syndrom

Abstract We report a rare case of primary Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) of the submandibular gland, with initially diagnosis of Kuttner’s Syndrom. A 48 years old man was referred to our hospital foe evaluation of a submandibular mass. Although the initial Fine Needle Aspiration and subsequent cytology was highly suggestive for a cronic sialadenitis with lymphoid cells. After surgical gland removal we obtained a definitive diagnosis of Hodgkin’s lymphoma in submandibular gland a seat where the most common lymphoma tipe is B

Which is the most accurate diagnostic procedure in Tamoxifen treated breast cancer patients

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of bi-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS), hysterosonography (HSSG) and hysteroscopy in the detection of endometrial pathology in women treated with tamoxifen (TMX) for breast cancer. Methods: Forty-two patients, affected by breast cancer under treatment with TMX, underwent 2D-3D TVUS, HSSG and hysteroscopy completed by biopsy, after abnormal findings following a routine 2D TVUS examination. Results: 3D-TVUS was more accurate than 2D-TVUS in the detection of atrophic endometrium confirmed by biopsy and in the detection of endometrial polyps. HSSG and hysteroscopy detected atrophic endometrium and endometrial polyps significantly better than ultrasound scan. Endometrial carcinoma was detected in two cases, and in both HSSG and hysteroscopy were 100% diagnostic. Conclusion: In TMX treated breast cancer patients, HSSG and hysteroscopy provide more accurate diagnosis than 2D-3D ultrasound in the detection of treatment related endometrial lesions

Open and / or laparoscopic surgical treatment of liver hydatic cysts

Hydatid disease is a severe parasitic disease with a widely ranging distribution. In the human being the liver is the most frequent organ affected. 1 The treatment should be individualized to the morphology, size, number and location of the cysts, that is why a variety of surgical operations have been advocated from complete resection like total pericystectomy or partial hepatectomy to laparoscopy to a minimally invasive procedures like percutaneous aspiration of cysts to conservative drug therapy. 3-4 This study compares laparoscopic versus open management of the hydatid cyst of liver the surgical approach to liver echinococcosis is still a controversial issue and shows our results of surgical treatment of liver hydatid cysts during a 3-years period

Anaerobic Digestion of Spoiled Milk in Batch Reactors: Technical and Economic Feasibility☆

Abstract The economic feasibility of the energy conversion through anaerobic digestion of spoiled milk was assessed for the microscale biogas production and heating value was determined experimentally on a pilot plant with a mixture of spoiled milk and an inoculum previously optimized with Anaerobic Biomethanation Potential tests. Results shows that the feasibility of a 100 kWel plant is characterized by a quite short return time of the investment. Considering a discount rate of 5% and a timespan of investment equal to 20 years, payback period is equal to 8-9 years, Net Present Value is equal to 806,903 € and Internal Rate of Return is equal to 16%

Malignant hypertension and hyperreninemia: Primary or secondary hypertension? A case report

Malignant hypertension is a rare condition characterized by severe hypertension and multi-organ ischemic damage. Marked activation of the renin-angiotensin system is observed in many patients, but its persistence over time is not known. We report a case of a 42-year-old woman who presented with severe hypertension and multi-organ damage. Initial evaluation showed an elevated value of direct renin concentration with normal plasma aldosterone concentration and a nodular lesion in the left adrenal gland. The differential diagnosis between the primary and secondary form of hypertension had to be questioned. Consequently, the patient was followed up for 20 months. Repeated checks showed a significant increase in renin levels with a normal aldosterone concentration and regression of organ damage. After 20 months, renin values returned within normal range. Hyperreninemia persisting over a long period of time has not been fully explained. Long-term follow-up allowed us to attribute malignant hypertension to de novo essential hypertension