Enrichment of colloidal solutions by nanoparticles in underwater spark discharge

The underwater spark discharge between manganese granules was studied. Optical emission spectroscopy meth-ods were used for diagnostics of such discharge plasma. The colloidal solution with manganese nanoparticles was produced by this discharge. The biological applications of this colloid were analyzed. The mechanism of metallic nanoparticle action and their transformation at interacting with biological objects were studied in Alternaria alternata culture.Исследовали подводный искровой разряд между гранулами марганца. Для диагностики такой разрядной плазмы использовали методы оптической эмиссионной спектроскопии. Этот разряд использовался для приготовления коллоидного раствора с наночастицами марганца. Проанализированы биологические применения такого коллоида. Механизм воздействия наночастиц металла и их трансформация при взаимодействии с биологическими объектами изучались на культуре Alternaria alternata.Досліджували підводний іскровий розряд між гранулами марганцю. Для діагностики такої розрядної плазми використовували методи оптичної емісійної спектроскопії. Цей розряд використовували для приготування колоїдного розчину з наночастинками марганцю. Проаналізовані біологічні застосування цього колоїду. Механізм дії наночастинок металу та їх трансформація при взаємодії з біологічними об'єктами вивчалися на культурі Alternaria alternata

Investigation of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of <i>Sorbaria pallasii</i> (Rosaceae) Microshoots Grown In Vitro

Sorbaria pallasii is an endemic species of the Far East and Siberia and grows along the Goltsy altitudinal belt. Data on micropropagation and phytochemical characteristics of this plant are not available, probably because of the inaccessibility of the plant material. Morphogenesis initiation from flower buds of S. pallasii in vitro and micropropagation were performed here in the Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 5.0 µM 6-benzylaminopurine and 0.0–1.0 µM α-naphthylacetic acid; elongation was implemented in the same medium without the hormones. A well-growing sterile culture of S. pallasii was obtained; the number of microshoots per explant reached 5.7 ± 1.2. Phytochemical analyses of in vitro propagated S. pallasii detected 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity in a water-ethanol extract from its microshoots and revealed phenolic compounds in it. The phenolic compounds that likely contribute to its biological activity are tannins (74.9 mg/g), phenolcarboxylic acids (30.8 mg/g), and catechins (13.3 mg/g). In the microshoot extract, high-performance liquid chromatography identified three catechins. Microshoots showed the highest concentration of (±)-catechin (3.03 mg/(g of absolutely dry mass; ADM)). Concentrations of epigallocatechin gallate (0.38 mg/(g of ADM)) and (−)-epicatechin (0.55 mg/(g of ADM)) were significantly lower. This study paves the way for further biotechnological and phytochemical research on S. pallasii

Karyotypes and genome size of Adonis amurensis and Adonis apennina (Ranunculaceae) from Asian Russia

The karyotypes of Adonis amurensis from Amur Oblast,' and Adonis apennina from Altai Republic, Khakassia Republic, and Irkutsk Oblast' have been investigated. The karyotype formula was obtained as 2n = 2x =16 = 8m + 8sm(4sat) for all specimens. We estimated karyotype asymmetry through the calculation of the Coefficient of Variation of Chromosome Length (CVCL), Coefficient of Variation of Centromeric Index (CVCI), and Mean Centromeric Asymmetry (MCA), and determination of Stebbins asymmetry index. The chromosome set of Adonis amurensis was found to be more symmetrical than the chromosome set of Adonis apennina. The average absolute nuclear DNA content (2С–value) was originally determined for Adonis amurensis and Adonis apennina by flow cytometry and attained on average 20.38 pg and 17.29 pg, respectivel

bcm_0417.qxd

Abstract-The supramolecular compound cali