Reaction of P(III) Organyl Halides with 3,4-Dichloro-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone

Reaction of diphenylchlorophosphine with 3,4-dichloro-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone was used to prepare 3,5-dichloro-4-diphenylphosphinoyl-2(5H)-furanone. The reaction occurs involves nucleophilic substitution of the chlorine β to the carbonyl group and an unusual intermolecular rearrangement. The reaction with diethyl phosphorochloridite takes two routes: The first route is similar to that with diphenylchlorophosphine and the second involves the hydoxyl group

New triphenylphosphonium salts from a cyclic 2,3-dichloro-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid and its esters. Synthesis of an unusual phosphonium betaine

PPh3 reacts with a cyclic 2,3-dichloro-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid and its cyclic and acyclic esters to form new triphenylphosphonium salts. Treatment of the obtained salts with triethylamine leads to an unusual phosphonium betaine. © 1996 MAEe cyrillic signK Hayκa/Interperiodica Publishing

New Reaction of 3,4-Dichloro-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone with Trimethylsilylphosphites

The new reaction path of the phosphorylation of 3,4-dichloro-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone with trimethylsilylphosphite is found. It is established that the reaction involves two reaction centres to give 4- and 5-phosphorylation products

THE STATE OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND ITS IMPACT ON THE LEVEL OF COMORBIDITY IN PATIENTS ON HEMODIALYSIS

The aim of the study was to investigate the nutritive status and identify risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients on hemodialysis. Material and methods. 144 patients on program hemodialysis were examined. All patients underwent general clinical and laboratory examination, lipid profile was examined, body mass index was calculated, waist and hip circumference was measured, ratio of waist circumference to the circumference of hip was determined, abdominal integral multi-frequency bioimpedansometry and multispiral computed tomography were performed. Results. Gender features of distribution of abdominal adipose tissue and dyslipidemia in patients on program hemodialysis were revealed. Women have a predominant accumulation of visceral adipose tissue, while men are characterized by a proportional distribution of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in the abdominal area. Women compared to men have higher rates of atherogenic lipoprotein fractions, which level is closely related to the volume of visceral adipose tissue. Among the comorbidities in the examined patients, diseases of the cardiovascular system predominate. The regression analysis revealed that the most significant risk factor for the development of coronary artery disease is an increase in lowdensity lipoproteins, for chronic heart failure – an increase in waist circumference. Conclusions. The data obtained indicate the need to monitor the nutritional status of patients on hemodialysis to identify and correct risk factors for cardiovascular disease

Carbon States in Carbon-Encapsulated Nickel Nanoparticles Studied by Means of X-Ray Absorption, Emission, and Photoelectron Spectroscopies

Electronic structure of nickel nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon was characterized by photoelectron, X-ray absorption, and X-ray emission spectroscopies. Experimental spectra are compared with the density of states calculated in the frame of the density functional theory. The carbon shell of Ni nanoparticles has been found to be multilayer graphene with significant (about 6%) amount of Stone--Wales defects. Results of the experiments evidence protection of the metallic nanoparticles from the environmental degradation by providing a barrier against oxidation at least for two years. Exposure in air for 2 years leads to oxidation only of the carbon shell of Ni@C nanoparticles with coverage of functional groups.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, accepted in J. Phys. Chem.

ЛЕЧЕНИЕ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА АДЕНОИДИТОВ БАКТЕРИАЛЬНЫМИ ЛИЗАТАМИ У ЧАСТО БОЛЕЮЩИХ ДЕТЕЙ

We carried out the analysis of researches devoted to the treatment of children with chronic adenoiditis and hypertrophy of adenoid vegetations. We proved that the usage of topic immunomodulator IRS19 incombination with etiotropic treatment allows to sanate lymphoid tissues in nasopharynx effectively and to preserve its continuity as an important organ supplying unspecific and specific protection of the child’s organism.Проведен анализ исследований, посвященных лечению детей с хроническим аденоидитом и гипертрофией аденоидных вегетаций. Показано, что применение топического иммуномодулятора ИРС 19 в комплексе с этиотропным лечением позволяет более эффективно провести санацию лимфоидной ткани носоглотки и сохранить ее целостность как важного органа, обеспечивающего неспецифическую и специфическую защиту детского организма

About population density of ungulates in open-air cages

In Russia many scientific and practical questions of open-air cages cultivations of such species of hoofed animals as a maral or a red deer (Cervus elaphus L.), a spotty deer (Cervus nippon L.), a wild boar (Sus scrofa L.), the European fallow deer (Dama dama L.), mouflon (Ovis musimon L.), and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) are studied not enough. The purpose of the given researches is to study influence of population density of hoofed animals in open-air cages on success of animals' reproduction. Within four years features of the maintenance, success of reproduction of a wild boar, a maral, a spotty deer, the European fallow deer, mouflon were studied at open-air cages maintenance in territory of three hunting economy in the Tver' region. It is known that on success of reproduction of natural animals' populations the great influence is rendered by high density of their population causing stress in animals and reducing their annual gain. In studied open-air cages population density of deer fluctuated from 0.08 to 2 animals/ha. Our researches of influence of this factor on reproduction of hoofed animals in conditions of open-air cages maintenance have shown that at a fallow deer the business exit of young growth fluctuated from 0.21 to 0.40 individuals; at a maral from 0.25 to 0.30; at a red deer - from 0.63 to 1.0 individuals per an adult female. Thus the young growth yield changed in direct ratio with population density of animals (r = 0.92). Hence, at an existing level of deer feeding in an open-air cage the density of their population up to 2 animals/ha is not the ecological factor limiting reproduction of animals. In open-air cages it is not observed the stress-factor limiting reproduction though population density repeatedly surpasses density under natural habitat

The modeling activities of adult education in the educational space

Материал рассматриваемой статьи посвящен проблеме моделирования деятельности в образовательном пространстве высшего учебного заведения. Рассмотрены особенности технологии моделирования и модель образовательной деятельности взрослых. Раскрыта сущность всех составляющих и компонентов этой модели. Показано, что моделирование осложнено многократностью процессов в высшем профессиональном образовании и рассмотрена организация процесса обучения взрослых по модульной авторской программе с использованием технологии видео-коммуникативного общения.The material of the article is devoted to the modeling activities in the educational space of higher education. The features of simulation technology and model of the educational activities of adults. The essence of all the components and features of this model. It is shown that the simulation is complicated by multiple processes in higher professional education and discussed the organization of the learning process in a modular authoring program using video technology and communicative interaction

Die verantwoordelikheid van die kerk ten opsigte van die sosio-politieke terrein in Suid-Afrika

Verhandeling (B. Th.) -- Universiteit van Stellenbosch, 1988.Full text to be digitised and attached to bibliographic record