TUTORING AS A FORM OF PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF STUDENTS’ INDIVIDUAL EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORIES

Purpose: The key provisions on which the tutor relies on the context of his work are the principles underlying open education: transparency; flexibility; continuity; variability; individual approach; individualization. Methodology: The relevance of the study is associated with the processes characteristic of the school system in modern Russia (modernization, optimization, change in the structural foundations), as well as the objective need of society in the search for fundamentally new approaches to the content and construction of the educational process in the educational institution. Result: Tutoring should be considered as a resource of individual evolution of personality, as a form of productive exploitation of open education opportunities for the development of individual educational programs, taking into account the specifics of a particular student. As pedagogical conditions for the implementation of the model of tutor support of the formation of basic school students’ research skills should be considered: innovative educational environment; scientific and methodological provision of tutor support of the process of building basic school students’ research skills; professional skills of the tutor. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Tutoring as a Form of Pedagogical Support of Students’ Individual Educational Trajectories is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

Individual Psychological Resources Forming Students' Resistance to Internet Addiction

The problem of Internet addiction has become increasingly relevant. The aim of the study is to analyze the psychological factors that help to prevent Internet addiction at youth age. The results of the empirical study of individual typological prerequisites of forming a resistance to Internet addiction among students are discusse

Features of Chronic Bronchitis in Different Age Groups

Background: Lung diseases are assuming greater relevance and importance today. Chronic bronchitis is a self-nosology, which may precede the development of COPD, the importance of which can hardly be overestimated. The main problem in this disease is caused by late diagnosis and treatment due to the delay by patients in seeking medical help. The aim of the work was to study the distribution and exposure to tobacco smoke, especially chronic bronchitis, depending on various factors, including age. Methods: We examined 1779 persons, including 855 men and 924 women. The mean age of the population was 35.83±8.3 years. We conducted surveys and spirometry. The outcome was assessed after a bronchodilation test was performed with salbutamol 400 mcg. We performed all statistical analysis using software package Statistica 10. Results: We identified chronic bronchitis in 9.2% of the cases in the group of younger individuals and in 14.9% of the cases in the group of older individuals, during the active detection of chronic bronchitis using questionnaires. The prevalence of cigarette smoking was slightly higher among the younger (39.5%) than the older persons (33.6%); the frequency of smoking in a group of chronic bronchitis was reliably higher. Also, in this group, the performance spirometry reliably decreased. Conclusions: Outpatient survey is an effective method of identifying chronic bronchitis. Smoking is a major risk factor in the group of young respondents and the prevalence of smoking is inversely related to the education level of the respondents, regardless of age. As the decline in the Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC) is the main criterion diagnosis of COPD, it revealed significant declines in the FEV1 of the younger smoking individuals, which may help to predict the development of COPD in the older age group

Опыт применения селективного ингибитора фосфодиэстеразы-4 рофлумиласта (Даксас) у пациентов с хронической обструктивной болезнью легких и метаболическим синдромом

The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of selective phosphodiesterase"4 inhibitor roflumilast in patients with COPD and metabolic syndrome.Methods. In this prospective study, patients with stage III – IV COPD, frequent exacerbation phenotype (≥ 2 per a year) and metabolic syndrome (n = 42) were treated with roflumilast (Daxas) 500 mg q.d. additionally to the basic therapy for 12 months. Clinical investigation, mMRC scale and CAT questionnaire, pulse oxymetry, spirometry, 6"min walking test, measurement of glucose, lipids and C"reactive protein in blood were used in all patients.Results. Exacerbation rate decreased in patients with COPD treated with roflumilast. FEV1 and quality of life improved in patients treated with roflumilast. Therapy with roflumilast was associated with statistically significant reduction in the waist circumference without significant change in the body weight, waist"to"hip ratio or body mass index.Conclusion. Therapy with roflumilast was associated with improvement in clinical, laboratory and functional parameters and reduction in exacerbation rate in patients with COPD and metabolic syndrome.Цель. Изучение эффективности и безопасности применения препарата рофлумиласт (Даксас) в дозе 500 мг в сутки у больных хронической обструктивной болезнью легких (ХОБЛ) и метаболическим синдромом (МС) в дополнение к базисной терапии.Материалы и методы. В Городском консультативно-диагностическом центре для больных пульмонологического профиля при ГБУЗ «Областная клиническая больница № 4» (Челябинск) проведено комплексное клинико"функциональное исследование среди пациентов мужского пола (n = 42) с ХОБЛ III–IV степени в сочетании с МС и частыми обострениями ХОБЛ (≥ 2 раз в год).Результаты. Применение рофлумиласта у пациентов с ХОБЛ и МС сопровождается улучшением клинических, лабораторных и функциональных показателей и снижением частоты обострений ХОБЛ

Comparative characteristics detection rate of chronic bronchitis depending on the age

The aim of study was to examine the prevalence ot chronic bronchitis among respondents of different age groups. Surveyed 1861 people (1050 men and 811 women), mean age was 36,82+9,6 years. Questionnaires filled out by the respondents (demographics, smoking history, the presence of respiratory complaints) and spirography. Revealed that among those with higher education, the prevalence of smoking was significantly lower than that of respondents with secondary education (29.9% and 44.9%, respectively). Level FEV1 among smokers younger respondents with chronic bronchitis significantly reduced relative to non-smokers that may predict the development of COPD in this category at an older age, the main risk factor for bronchitis in this category surveyed is smoking.Целью исследования явилось изучение распространенности хронического бронхита у респондентов различных возрастных групп. Обследовано 1861 человек (1050 мужчин и 811 женщин), средний возраст составил 36,82+9,6 года. Проводилось анкетирование респондентов (демографические данные, анамнез курения, наличие респираторных жалоб) и спирография. Выявлено, что среди лиц, имеющих высшее образование, распространенность курения достоверно ниже, чем у респондентов со средним образованием (29,9% и 44,9% соответственно). Уровень 0ФВ1 у курящих молодых респондентов с хроническим бронхитом достоверно снижен относительно некурящих лиц, что может быть предиктором развития ХОБЛ у данной категории в старшем возрасте, основным фактором риска развития бронхита у этой категории обследованных является курение

Collisions of Legal Consciousness in the Minds of Russian Students: A Critical Breach between the Moral and the Legal

The legal consciousness of a contemporary Russian is characterized by contradictions, which, as the article argues, are of a fundamental-critical nature, being a manifestation of the crisis in contemporary (not only Russian) society, connected with the formation of the indefinite society. The article presents the results of the methodological experiment which confirmed the thesis of a breach between the moral and legal aspects in the legal consciousness of Russian students

HYPOCHROMY IN MOLECULAR CRYSTALS

$^{1}$ M. Tahaka, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jap. 49, 3382 (1976).Author Institution:Transmittance measurements of the extinction coefficient along three crystallographic directions for thin carbozole crystals were made. The spectra obtained exhibit a strong decrease in intensity (hypochromy) for the ^{\prime}$B_{2}$ transition at 300 nm, whereas results derived from reflectance $spectra^{1}$ do not show strong effects in the extinction coefficient for this transition. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed

New therapy options for patients with eosinophilic type of severe bronchial asthma

The article provides data on the epidemiology of severe asthma. It defines the phenotype and endotype of bronchial asthma and classifies BA according to phenotype/endotype. The features of the eosinophilic phenotype of severe bronchial asthma are considered. Clinical characteristics of the patient corresponding to the prescription of benralizumab are presented. The algorithm of decision making by a doctor-therapist about patients’ referral to a pulmonologist for consideration of the biological therapy issue is given. The results of the main clinical studies to assess the efficacy and safety of benralizumab in patients with severe eosinophilic bronchial asthma: SIROCCO, CALIMA, ZONDA, BORA are described. The experience of using various biological preparations for the treatment of severe asthma in Chelyabinsk and the Chelyabinsk Region has also been summarized