14,572 research outputs found
En route position and time control of aircraft using Kalman filtering of radio aid data
Fixed-time-of-arrival (FTA) guidance and navigation is investigated as a possible technique capable of operation within much more stringent en route separation standards and offering significant advantages in safety, higher traffic densities, and improved scheduling reliability, both en route and in the terminal areas. This study investigated the application of FTA guidance previously used in spacecraft guidance. These FTA guidance techniques have been modified and are employed to compute the velocity corrections necessary to return an aircraft to a specified great-circle reference path in order to exercise en route time and position control throughout the entire flight. The necessary position and velocity estimates to accomplish this task are provided by Kalman filtering of data from Loran-C, VORTAC/TACAN, Doppler radar, radio or barometric altitude,and altitude rate. The guidance and navigation system was evaluated using a digital simulation of the cruise phase of supersonic and subsonic flights between San Francisco and New York City, and between New York City and London
Testing strong line metallicity diagnostics at z~2
High-z galaxy gas-phase metallicities are usually determined through
observations of strong optical emission lines with calibrations tied to the
local universe. Recent debate has questioned if these calibrations are valid in
the high-z universe. We investigate this by analysing a sample of 16 galaxies
at z~2 available in the literature, and for which the metallicity can be
robustly determined using oxygen auroral lines. The sample spans a redshift
range of 1.4 < z < 3.6, has metallicities of 7.4-8.4 in 12+log(O/H) and stellar
masses 10^7.5-10^11 Msun. We test commonly used strong line diagnostics (R23,
O3, O2, O32, N2, O3N2 and Ne3O2 ) as prescribed by four different sets of
empirical calibrations, as well as one fully theoretical calibration. We find
that none of the strong line diagnostics (or calibration set) tested perform
consistently better than the others. Amongst the line ratios tested, R23 and O3
deliver the best results, with accuracies as good as 0.01-0.04 dex and
dispersions of ~0.2 dex in two of the calibrations tested. Generally, line
ratios involving nitrogen predict higher values of metallicity, while results
with O32 and Ne3O2 show large dispersions. The theoretical calibration yields
an accuracy of 0.06 dex, comparable to the best strong line methods. We
conclude that, within the metallicity range tested in this work, the locally
calibrated diagnostics can still be reliably applied at z~2.Comment: 12 pages, 8 Figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
Study of bonding between glass and plastic in glass-reinforced plastics - Extended work Quarterly progress report, 1 Jan. - 31 Mar. 1967
Procedures for fluorination and alkylation of glass fabric for subsequent use in production of laminate
A study of bonding between glass and plastic in glass-reinforced plastics, phase 3 Summary technical report no. 3, 31 Mar. 1966 - 15 Jul. 1967
Mechanical properties of chemical bonding between glass fibers and resin matri
Evolution of magnetic states in frustrated diamond lattice antiferromagnetic Co(Al1-xCox)2O4 spinels
Using neutron powder diffraction and Monte-Carlo simulations we show that a
spin-liquid regime emerges at $all compositions in the diamond-lattice
antiferromagnets Co(Al1-xCox)2O4. This spin-liquid regime induced by
frustration due to the second-neighbour exchange coupling J2, is gradually
superseded by antiferromagnetic collinear long-range order (k=0) at low
temperatures. Upon substitution of Al3+ by Co3+ in the octahedral B-site the
temperature range occupied by the spin-liquid regime narrows and TN increases.
To explain the experimental observations we considered magnetic anisotropy D or
third-neighbour exchange coupling J3 as degeneracy-breaking perturbations. We
conclude that Co(Al1-xCox)2O4 is below the theoretical critical point
J2/J1=1/8, and that magnetic anisotropy assists in selecting a collinear
long-range ordered ground state, which becomes more stable with increasing x
due to a higher efficiency of O-Co3+-O as an interaction path compared to
O-Al3+-O
Magnetic polarizability of hadrons from lattice QCD in the background field method
We present a calculation of hadron magnetic polarizability using the
techniques of lattice QCD. This is carried out by introducing a uniform
external magnetic field on the lattice and measuring the quadratic part of a
hadron's mass shift. The calculation is performed on a lattice with
standard Wilson actions at beta=6.0 (spacing fm) and pion mass down to
about 500 MeV. Results are obtained for 30 particles covering the entire baryon
octet (, , , , , , ,
) and decuplet (, , , ,
, , , , ,
), plus selected mesons (, , , , ,
, , , , , , ). The
results are compared with available values from experiments and other
theoretical calculations.Comment: 30 pages, 23 figures, 5 table
Universality of Electron Mobility in LaAlO/SrTiO and bulk SrTiO
Metallic LaAlO/SrTiO (LAO/STO) interfaces attract enormous attention,
but the relationship between the electron mobility and the sheet electron
density, , is poorly understood. Here we derive a simple expression for
the three-dimensional electron density near the interface, , as a
function of and find that the mobility for LAO/STO-based interfaces
depends on in the same way as it does for bulk doped STO. It is known
that undoped bulk STO is strongly compensated with background donors and acceptors. In intentionally doped
bulk STO with a concentration of electrons background impurities
determine the electron scattering. Thus, when it is natural to see
in LAO/STO the same mobility as in the bulk. On the other hand, in the bulk
samples with the mobility collapses because scattering happens on
intentionally introduced donors. For LAO/STO the polar catastrophe
which provides electrons is not supposed to provide equal number of random
donors and thus the mobility should be larger. The fact that the mobility is
still the same implies that for the LAO/STO the polar catastrophe model should
be revisited.Comment: 4 pages and 1 figur
MODELLING STOCK DYNAMICS IN THE SOUTHERN BENGUELA ECOSYSTEM FOR THE PERIOD 1978–2002
An ecosystem model of the southern Benguela was fitted to available time-series data for the period 1978–2002, to explore how changes in target fish populations in this ecosystem can be attributed to feeding interaction terms and population control patterns, the impact of fishing, and environmental forcing. Fishing patterns were estimated to explain only 2–3% of the variability in the time-series, whereas an estimated productivity forcing pattern applied to phytoplankton explained 4–12% of the variance represented by the sum of squares. Model settings describing prey vulnerability to their predators could explain around 40% of the variability in the time-series. Modelled stock dynamics in the southern Benguela ecosystem more closely represent observed timeseries when wasp-waist control by small pelagic fish is simulated. Overall, model simulations suggest that almost half the variance in the time-series can be explained based on a combination of fishing, vulnerability settings and productivity patterns. Variation in mortalities and prey preferences over time, as well as model fits in relation to available effort series, are discussed. The study advances a model with improved parameterization and credibility to assist with an ecosystem approach to South African fisheries management. Afr. J. mar. Sci. 26: 179–19
Correlations of record events as a test for heavy-tailed distributions
A record is an entry in a time series that is larger or smaller than all
previous entries. If the time series consists of independent, identically
distributed random variables with a superimposed linear trend, record events
are positively (negatively) correlated when the tail of the distribution is
heavier (lighter) than exponential. Here we use these correlations to detect
heavy-tailed behavior in small sets of independent random variables. The method
consists of converting random subsets of the data into time series with a
tunable linear drift and computing the resulting record correlations.Comment: Revised version, to appear in Physical Review Letter
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