DEVELOPMENT OF FORMS OF STRUCTURAL MATHEMATICAL MODELING IN DYNAMICS OF MECHANICAL OSCILLATION SYSTEMS: IMPEDANCE AND POSSIBLE VARIANTS OF APPROACH

Offering method of transformation of mathematical models of oscillation systems based on using of structural schemes. Structural analogs of mathematical models used for creature of variants of transfer functions of initial mechanical systems. Technology of transformation of structural schemes with object which has properties of integrated link of second order. Is shown that impedance is local characteristic of frequence dynamical properties of mechanical oscillation systems, in particular, vibration protection systems. Characteristics-analogs of impedance are given. They constructed on base using of movements and accelerations of allocated points. Conditions of ties of relative frequence characteristics are given. Conditions of compatibility of structural models of mechanical chains theory and automation control theory are identified

BASICS OF THEORETICAL APPROACHES OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES WITH REGULAR TOSSING OF THE GRANULAR MEDIUM

Vibration interaction is used for development of modern technological processes in which required quality of product is provided due to interaction of the granular medium with the vibrating surface. The paper is devoted to development of mathematical models and estimation criteria form of movement, taking into account the effect of unilateral constraints, in dynamic interactions of elements of vibration technological processes as applied to increase the reliability and quality of vibrational machines. The study is focused on the formation of theoretical ideas about the dynamic interactions of a solid body with the vibrating surface based on the development of mathematical models by introducing of additional external forces and elastic ties with unilateral contact, including mathematical models of gapless movement of the compounded solids. In terms of practical applications the task is to develop and to approve experimentally the opportunities of the measuring devices fixing the modes of continuous tossing. According to the research the generalized approach to problems of dynamic synthesis of vibration technology implemented in continuous tossing the introduction of additional forces is developed. The basis of the approach is the introduction of the concept of the function of the gap, allowing to justify the construction of forms of motion of material particles in accordance with certain criteria, reflecting the properties of the trajectories of motion of material particles in the interaction with the vibrating surface. The mathematical models to determine the conditions for the formation of dynamic reactions in the vibrational structure consisting of several interconnected elements, including the possibilities of their pre-pressing by elastic ties and power factors is offered. The measuring device fixing the modes of continuous tossing is developed and experimentally approved

Bichiral structure of feroelectric domain wall driven by flexoelectricity

The influence of flexoelectric coupling on the internal structure of neutral domain walls in tetragonal phase of perovskite ferroelectrics is studied. The effect is shown to lower the symmetry of 180-degree walls which are oblique with respect to the cubic crystallographic axes, while {100} and {110} walls stay "untouched". Being of the Ising type in the absence of the flexoelectric interaction, the oblique domain walls acquire a new polarization component with a structure qualitatively different from the classical Bloch-wall structure. In contrast to the Bloch-type walls, where the polarization vector draws a helix on passing from one domain to the other, in the flexoeffect-affected wall, the polarization rotates in opposite directions on the two sides of the wall and passes through zero in its center. Since the resulting polarization profile is invariant upon inversion with respect to the wall center it does not brake the wall symmetry in contrast to the classical Bloch-type walls. The flexoelectric coupling lower the domain wall energy and gives rise to its additional anisotropy that is comparable to that conditioned by the elastic anisotropy. The atomic orderof- magnitude estimates shows that the new polarization component P2 may be comparable with spontaneous polarization Ps, thus suggesting that, in general, the flexoelectric coupling should be mandatory included in domain wall simulations in ferroelectrics. Calculations performed for barium titanate yields the maximal value of the P2, which is much smaller than that of the spontaneous polarization. This smallness is attributed to an anomalously small value of a component of the "strain-polarization" elecrostictive tensor in this material

On the keV sterile neutrino search in electron capture

A joint effort of cryogenic microcalorimetry (CM) and high-precision Penning-trap mass spectrometry (PT-MS) in investigating atomic orbital electron capture (EC) can shed light on the possible existence of heavy sterile neutrinos with masses from 0.5 to 100 keV. Sterile neutrinos are expected to perturb the shape of the atomic de-excitation spectrum measured by CM after a capture of the atomic orbital electrons by a nucleus. This effect should be observable in the ratios of the capture probabilities from different orbits. The sensitivity of the ratio values to the contribution of sterile neutrinos strongly depends on how accurately the mass difference between the parent and the daughter nuclides of EC-transitions can be measured by, e.g., PT-MS. A comparison of such probability ratios in different isotopes of a certain chemical element allows one to exclude many systematic uncertainties and thus could make feasible a determination of the contribution of sterile neutrinos on a level below 1%. Several electron capture transitions suitable for such measurements are discussed.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures, 2 table

Влияние эмоциональной направленности и личностных качеств педагога на процесс формирования авторитета у социально неадаптированных подростков

The relevance of the problem explored in the article is conditioned by the role the educator plays in the upbringing and education of the younger generation. The educator impacts on children and adolescents shaping their personality. Pedagogical activity is based not only on various professional competencies realized by the educator, but also on the personality orientation and a set of personal qualities that enable him or her to organize the educational process effectively and, if necessary, to provide psychological and pedagogical assistance for socially maladjusted children and adolescents. One of the major conditions for psychological correction is the type of the educator’s emotional orientation and his or her personal qualities that may significantly affect a child’s behavior and development on the whole. The study aims to empirically investigate how the type of the educator’s emotional orientation and personal qualities influence the process of gaining authority among socially maladjusted adolescents. The following methods and techniques were used in the course of research: literature analysis, the empirical methods of observation, experimenting, questionnaire, B.I. Dodonov’s questionnaire for determining emotional orientation; D. Feldes’ modified scale of “sympathetic distance”; a referential scale. The methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis were applied to process the obtained data. The research data were obtained by means of testing and polling 28 comprehensive school teachers and educators of Lipetsk Medical-Psychological Center (Russia) and local secondary schools as well as 62 at-risk teenagers in 2018–2019. The study resulted in determining the dominant types of emotional orientation intrinsic to “effective” educators who are successful in working with socially maladjusted adolescents. It was discovered that adolescents tend to intuitively choose educators with the altruistic and communicative types of the general emotional orientation as a reference person (a significant person). In assessing the educators’ personal qualities, adolescents also give preference to features that are part of the “inventory” of the altruistic and communicative types of emotional orientation. The practical relevance of the research is stipulated by the fact that its general theoretical approaches and practical results can be used by school teachers and educators employed in rehabilitation centers dealing with socially maladjusted adolescents.La relevancia del problema explorado en el artículo está condicionada por el papel que juega el educador en la educación y educación de la generación más joven. El educador impacta en los niños y adolescentes que dan forma a su personalidad. La actividad pedagógica se basa no solo en diversas competencias profesionales realizadas por el educador, sino también en la orientación de la personalidad y un conjunto de cualidades personales que le permiten organizar el proceso educativo de manera efectiva y, si es necesario, proporcionar asistencia psicológica y pedagógica para niños y adolescentes socialmente inadaptados. Una de las principales condiciones para la corrección psicológica es el tipo de orientación emocional del educador y sus cualidades personales que pueden afectar significativamente el comportamiento y el desarrollo del niño en general. El estudio tiene como objetivo investigar empíricamente cómo el tipo de orientación emocional y las cualidades personales del educador influyen en el proceso de ganar autoridad entre los adolescentes socialmente inadaptados. Los siguientes métodos y técnicas se utilizaron en el curso de la investigación: análisis de literatura, métodos empíricos de observación, experimentación, cuestionario, B.I. Cuestionario de Dodonov para determinar la orientación emocional; D. Escala modificada de Feldes de "distancia simpática"; Una escala referencial. Se aplicaron los métodos de análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo para procesar los datos obtenidos. Los datos de la investigación se obtuvieron mediante pruebas y encuestas a 28 maestros y educadores escolares integrales del Centro Médico-Psicológico de Lipetsk (Rusia) y escuelas secundarias locales, así como a 62 adolescentes en riesgo en 2018-2019. El estudio resultó en la determinación de los tipos dominantes de orientación emocional intrínseca a los educadores "efectivos" que tienen éxito en el trabajo con adolescentes socialmente inadaptados. Se descubrió que los adolescentes tienden a elegir intuitivamente educadores con los tipos altruistas y comunicativos de la orientación emocional general como persona de referencia (una persona significativa). Al evaluar las cualidades personales de los educadores, los adolescentes también dan preferencia a las características que son parte del "inventario" de los tipos altruistas y comunicativos de orientación emocional. La relevancia práctica de la investigación está estipulada por el hecho de que sus enfoques teóricos generales y resultados prácticos pueden ser utilizados por maestros y educadores escolares empleados en centros de rehabilitación que se ocupan de adolescentes socialmente inadaptados.Актуальность исследуемой в статье проблемы обусловлена значимостью роли педагога в воспитании и обучении подрастающего поколения. Педагог посредством своей деятельности, своих личностных качеств воздействует на детей и подростков, формирует их как личность.Педагогическая деятельность основана не только на реализации педагогом различных профессиональных компетенций, но на направленности личности и наличии комплекса личностных качеств, позволяющих эффективно организовать учебно-воспитательный процесс и, при необходимости, проводить психолого-педагогическую коррекцию детей и подростков с нарушениями социальной адаптации. Одним из ведущих условий психологической коррекции выступают тип эмоциональной направленности педагога и его личностные качества, которые способны существенно влиять на поведение ребенка и его развитие в целом. Цель представленного в статье исследования, заключается в эмпирическом изучении влияния типа эмоциональной направленности и личностных качеств педагога на процесс формирования авторитета у социально неадаптированных подростков. Для решения поставленных в исследовании задач и проверки гипотезы применялся ряд методов и методик: теоретический анализ научной литературы по проблеме исследования, эмпирические методы: наблюдение, эксперимент, анкетирование, опросник эмоциональной направленности личности Б.И. Додонова; модифицированная шкала «симпатической дистанции» Д. Фелдса; шкала референтности. Для обработки полученного материала применялись методы качественного и количественного анализа. Результаты исследования. Данные, полученные в исследовании, сформированы путем тестирования и анкетирования 28 педагогов общеобразовательных школ и Медико-психологического центра г. Липецка и 62 подростка, состоящих на учете в инспекции по делам несовершеннолетних в 2018-2019 гг. В ходе исследования определены доминирующие типы эмоциональной направленности «эффективных» педагогов, успешно осуществляющих воспитательную деятельность в отношении социально неадаптированных подростков. Выявлено, что подростки интуитивно выбирают в качестве референтного (значимого) лица педагогов с альтруистическим и коммуникативным типами общей эмоциональной направленности. В ходе оценки личностных качеств педагогов подростки также отдают преференции тем свойствам, которые входят в «инвентарий» альтруистического и коммуникативного типов эмоциональной направленности. Практическая значимость работы заключается в том, что общие теоретические подходы и полученные практические результаты исследования могут быть использованы в работе учителей школ, реабилитационных центров по взаимодействию с социально неадаптированными подростками