Spin torques and magnetic texture dynamics driven by the supercurrent in superconductor/ferromagnet structures

We introduce the general formalism to describe spin torques induced by the supercurrents injected from the adjacent superconducting electrodes into the spin-textured ferromagnets. By considering the adiabatic limit for the equal-spin superconducting correlations in the ferromagnet we show that the supercurrent can generate both the field-like spin transfer torque and the spin-orbital torque. These dissipationless spin torques are expressed through the current-induced corrections to the effective field derived from the system energy. The general formalism is applied to show that the supercurrent can either shift or move the magnetic domain walls depending on their structure and the type of spin-orbital interaction in the system. These results can be used for the prediction and interpretation of the experiments studying magnetic texture dynamics in superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor Josephson junctions and other hybrid structures.Comment: published version, some typos are correcte

Magnetoelectric effects in Josephson junctions

The review is devoted to the fundamental aspects and characteristic features of the magnetoelectric effects, reported in the literature on Josephson junctions (JJs). The main focus of the review is on the manifestations of the direct and inverse magnetoelectric effects in various types of Josephson systems. They provide a coupling of the magnetization in superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor JJs to the Josephson current. The direct magnetoelectric effect is a driving force of spin torques acting on the ferromagnet inside the JJ. Therefore it is of key importance for the electrical control of the magnetization. The inverse magnetoelectric effect accounts for the back action of the magnetization dynamics on the Josephson subsystem, in particular, making the JJ to be in the resistive state in the presence of the magnetization dynamics of any origin. The perspectives of the coupling of the magnetization in JJs with ferromagnetic interlayers to the Josephson current via the magnetoelectric effects are discussed

Search for the gamma-ray fluxes with energies above 10915) eV from various objects

Considerable interest has developed in the search for local sources of superhigh-energy gamma-rays. The experimental data obtained with the extensive air showers (EAS) array of the Moscow State University are analyzed with a view to searching for the superhigh-energy gamma-rays from various objects and regions of the Galaxy

Hybridization and interference effects for localized superconducting states in strong magnetic field

Within the Ginzburg-Landau model we study the critical field and temperature enhancement for crossing superconducting channels formed either along the sample edges or domain walls in thin-film magnetically coupled superconducting - ferromagnetic bilayers. The corresponding Cooper pair wave function can be viewed as a hybridization of two order parameter (OP) modes propagating along the boundaries and/or domain walls. Different momenta of hybridized OP modes result in the formation of vortex chains outgoing from the crossing point of these channels. Near this crossing point the wave functions of the modes merge giving rise to the increase in the critical temperature for a localized superconducting state. The origin of this critical temperature enhancement caused by the wave function squeezing is illustrated for a limiting case of approaching parallel boundaries and/or domain walls. Using both the variational method and numerical simulations we have studied the critical temperature dependence and OP structure vs the applied magnetic field and the angle between the crossing channels.Comment: 12 pages, 13 figure

Gamma-spectrometric control method of activity and nuclide composition of low-active solid radioactive waste

The gamma-spectrometric control method of low-active solid radioactive waste, based on direct measurement of activity and nuclide composition has been developed. The measurements were carried out in the geometry of standard steel container of 200 l. volume, where low-active wastes were placed. To take into account distribution non-homogeneities of solid waste over the geometry measured a special rotating platform was used, the low-active radioactive wastes being placed on it. Metrological certification was performed and the main errors of this method for 95 % of confidence probability were determined

Феномен Петровского (к 75-летнему юбилею)

Brief scientific biography of a well-known scientist, a leader in the field of experimental study of crystallization processes with usage the holographic method for quantitative analysis of temperature-convective inhomogeneities in the «growth-criticalstone» system, a specialist in crystallographic-mineralogical study of diamonds and their accessory minerals, a successful researcher of modern mineral formation at Kamchatka volcanoes, one of the founders of the «literally from scratch» enterprise for the production of industrial diamonds.Краткая научная биография известного ученого – лидера в области экспериментального изучения процессов кристаллизации с использованием голографического метода для количественного анализа температурно-конвективных неоднородностей в системе «кристалл–среда», специалиста по кристаллографоминералогическому изучению алмазов и их минералов-спутников, успешного исследователя современного минералообразования на камчатских вулканах, одного из создателей «буквально на пустом месте» высокотехнологичного предприятия по производству технических алмазов

Аналіз споживання противірусних лікарських засобів на фармацевтичному ринку України, які використовуються для фармакотерапії хворих на гострі респіраторні вірусні інфекції

Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) are the most common infectious diseases. Antiviral drugs (AD) are considered to be the main group for etiotropic treatment in pharmacotherapy complex of acute respiratory viral infection.Aim. To study the assortment and consumption of AD on the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine for 2013-2017.Materials and methods. The AD range analysis was carried out according to the information retrieval system “Pharmstandard” of the company “Morion”, consumption – by the indicator DDDs/1000 inhabitants/day.Results and discussion. The most consumed antiviral drugs in 2013-2017 are inosine pranobex, rimantadine, umifenovir and other antiviral agents. The annual volume of ARVI patients requiring the use of antiviral agents covers from 21.95 % to 23.58 % of the population, and in fact, during the study period, antiviral agents for the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections with one 10-day course were used from 0.60 % to 0.85 % among the population of Ukraine.Conclusions. Despite of the wide range of antiviral drugs in Ukraine, their consumption rates are very low, it may be caused by the high cost of treatment, insufficiently proven clinical efficacy and low frequency of appointment.Острые респираторные вирусные инфекции (ОРВИ) на сегодняшний день являются наиболее распространенными инфекционными заболеваниями. В комплексной фармакотерапии ОРВИ основной группой для этиотропного лечения являются противовирусные лекарственные средства (ПЛС).Целью работы стало исследование ассортимента и объемов потребления ПЛС на фармацевтическом рынке Украины за 2013-2017 годы.Материалы и методы. Анализ ассортимента ПЛС проводили по данным информационно-поисковой системы «Фармстандарт» компании «Морион», а потребление изучали по показателю DDDs/1000 жителей/день.Результаты и их обсуждение. Наиболее потребляемыми ПЛС за 2013-2017 гг. являются инозин пранобекс, римантадин, умифеновир и другие противовирусные средства. Ежегодный объем больных ОРВИ, требующих использования противовирусных средств, охватывает от 21,95 % до 23,58 % населения, а фактически за исследуемый период противовирусные средства для лечения ОРВИ одним 10-дневным курсом использовались от 0,60 % до 0,85 % населения Украины.Выводы. Несмотря на широкий ассортимент ПЛС в Украине, показатели их потребления являются очень низкими, что может быть связано с высокой стоимостью лечения, недостаточно доказанным уровнем клинической эффективности и низкой частотой назначений.Гострі респіраторні вірусні інфекції (ГРВІ) на теперішній час є найбільш поширеними інфекційними захворюваннями. У комплексній фармакотерапії хворих на ГРВІ основною групою для етіотропного лікування є противірусні лікарські засоби (ПЛЗ).Метою роботи стало дослідження асортименту та обсягів споживання ПЛЗ на фармацевтичному ринку України за 2013-2017 роки.Матеріали та методи. Аналіз асортименту ПЛЗ проводили за даними інформаційно-пошукової cистеми «Фармстандарт» компанії «Моріон», а споживання досліджували за показником DDDs/1000 жителів/день.Результати та їх обговорення. Найбільш споживаними ПЛЗ за 2013-2017 роки є інозин пранобекс, римантадин, уміфеновір та інші противірусні засоби. Щорічний об’єм хворих на ГРВІ, які потребують використання противірусних засобів, охоплює від 21,95 % до 23,58 % населення, а фактично за досліджуваний період противірусні засоби для лікування ГРВІ одним 10-денним курсом використовували від 0,60 % до 0,85 % населення України.Висновки. Незважаючи на широкий асортимент ПЛЗ в Україні, показники їх споживання є дуже низькими, що може бути пов’язано з високою вартістю лікування, недостатньо доведеним рівнем клінічної ефективності та низькою частотою призначення

Estimation of multistage hydraulic fracturing parameters using 4D simulation

At the present stage, most oil and gas condensate fields in the southern part of the East Siberian oil and gas province are characterized by an increasing proportion of difficult oil reserves in tight reservoirs. Multistage hydraulic fracturing (MHF) is proposed for the offshore Challenger Sea field (Southeast Dome). The implementation of this technique at a shelf will be a source of additional risks. For example, the properties of the RR-2 overlying seal have not been unambiguously assessed, and there are a number of geological uncertainties, such as the tectonic regime. However, there are a number of arguments in favor of MHF: heterogeneity of the reservoir; low permeability; low water cut of the field; sufficient thickness of the pay zone; and the overlying seal. One more positive factor is that sand ingress is not observed in the process of oil production. The selection of a principal well completion scheme on the eastern side of the RR-7 formation is aimed at effectively recovering the remaining reserves. The objectives of the study performed are: to create a geological and hydrodynamic model of the Challenger Sea (Southeast Dome); develop 1D and 3D geomechanical models; evaluate oil production forecasts based on fundamentally different well completion schemes; and determine the optimum parameters for multistage hydraulic fracturing. The research methods included: petrophysical methods; logging methods; core studies; drilling reports and formation testing data; and 3D, 4D geomechanical simulation. Other geophysical methods included acoustic logging, density logging, and gamma-ray logging. After building a geomechanical model of the reservoir at the beginning of drilling, a hydrodynamic calculation was performed. This established the reservoir pressures and saturations at certain points in time. The results made it possible for the principal stress directions, the values of effective and principal stresses, and the values of elastic strains to be determined. In order to assess MGF process efficiency, production forecasts were made using a hydrodynamic model for an exploration well with conventional completion (perforated liner) and with five-stage MGF. In the first case, the accumulated production was 144 kt over 15 years, and in the second case, 125 kt over 17 years. The difference in cumulative production is due to different initial well flow rates, as well as the rate of oil withdrawal during the first few years of development. Thereafter, the production and daily flow rate curves showed similar behavior. In order to select the most effective option, an economic analysis of the efficiency was performed