Structure and stresses in a system of two mechanical twins in titanium

In the work we have presented the results of experimental studies and mathematical modeling for the processes of the structure formation in a transition zone of wedge-type twins system in commercially pure titanium. The process of interaction of structure defects with twinning dislocations during the formation of a wedge-type twin was taken into consideration. It is shown that the interaction alters the stress maximum in vicinity of boundaries in the system two wedge-type twi

Development of voltage fields in Titanium VT1-0 while forming a thin wedge-shaped twin

Twinning refers to the main types of deformation of crystals with a HCP structure and, unlike sliding, this type of plastic deformation depends on many factors affecting this structure. The objective laws of the dependence of twinning process, twins’ mobility in the crystal on the conditions of external energy influences, for exampl

Content of cytokine inflammatory markers in patients with chronic heart failure caused by cardiomyopathy

The present article discusses the characteristics and significance of content violation of key pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8, TNFa, MCP-1 and key anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 during pro-inflammatory stage in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), determined by dilated cardiomyopathy (31 patient) and in CHF patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) (29 patients). EIA method with enzyme immune test systems (ZAO "Vector Best") and analyser ACCESS was used to assess the content of cytokines in the blood. The results of the study showed significant reduction of IL-8, increase of TNFa, MCP-1 and IL-10. Violation of adequate response of cytokines in pro-inflammatory stage enables to consider this disorder as a pathogenic unfavorable factor, leading to CHF progression in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and CHD. Comparison of the parameters of cardiac hemodynamics, differential white blood cell count and correlation results proves that heart failure in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and CHD have similar pathogenic origins of chronic inflammatory process. Imbalance of IL-8, TNFa, MCP-1 and IL-10 does not provide protection from inflammatory and bacterial antigens. In case of inadequate and protracted inflammatory reaction, decreased cytokine-producing leukocyte function can destroy myocardium. Results of correlation analysis prove violation of linear connection andformation of atypical correlations between TNFa and TNFa monocytes and neutrophils, IL-8 and monocytes, TNFa and IL-10, IL-10 and lymphocytes, IL-10 and TNFa, IL-8 and IL-10. Increased production of TNFa, MCP-1 in combination with decreased IL-8 and increased IL-10 indicates staging violation accompanied by delay of transition of pro-inflammatory stage into anti-inflammatory one

Recycling and disposal of gypsum-containing waste generated in the production of citric acid

The cycle of citric acid production with the formation of gypsum-containing waste was considered and options for processing and utilization of citrogypsum were proposed. The methods obtained include: the use of citrogypsum in the production of building materials, the extraction of rare earth metals, as well as the creation of a high-quality organic-mineral fertilizer, during the creation of which it is possible to reduce the negative effect not only from the accumulation of citrogypsum, but also from manure stored in the filtration field

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF PREVALENCE OF GLOMERULAR-TUBULOINTERSTITIAL DISEASES OF KIDNEYS AND URETER IN AREAS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ANTHROPOGENIC LOAD

The article reviews the features of the manifestations of the prevalence of glomerular-tubulointerstitial diseases of kidneys and ureter (GTIDKU) in Ufa, Salavat and Sterlitamak with severe anthropogenic load in comparison with the more prosperous Octyabrskiy. Epidemiological manifestations of GTIDKU were evaluated in children, adolescents, adults and the whole population by average long-term indices in dynamics and some periods of observation. Research results revealed significant differences in the prevalence of manifestations of GTIDKU both between the same groups studied on the analyzed areas and between different cohorts on each of them. Among the studied areas the most unfavorable in relation to the intensity of the prevalence of GTIGKU were not only the most favorable in relation to anthropogenic loads Среди изучаемых территорий наименьшее неблагополучие по выраженности превалентности Octyabrskiy, but also in the less burdened Salavat while maximum value of general prevalence of GTIGKU in ecologically unfavorable Ufa. Possible connection of observed manifestations with character of qualitative contents of the environment pollutants in Ufa in comparison with Sterlitamak and Salavat and also necessity of increase of the effectiveness of epidemiological diagnostics of GTIGKU in Sterlitamak, Salavat and Octyabrskiy under generally accepted standards are discussed. At that the attention is paid to the expediency of the organization of epidemiological case-control research for the revealing of groups with the highest risk of development of GTIGKU including chronic pyelonephritis. Specification of these statements will allow to optimize measures of the effective management of this pathology on different levels of providing medical aid for such patients

Elaboration the high mechanical strength medium for in vitro cultivation of lilacs under microgravity conditions

The purpose of this study was to select a nutrient medium that has not only high biological indicators affecting plant growth and development, but also certain mechanical characteristics, since it will be used under extreme conditions and must withstand the initial high loads of launching into open space, as well as retain its properties in the futur

Synthesis and magnetic properties of solid solutions of a diluted magnetic semiconductor (Zn₁-xFex)₃As₂

The magnetic properties of the new semimagnetic semiconductor (Zn₁-xFex)₃As₂ with x < 0.04 have been investigated over a wide temperature range. Single crystals of ZFA were grown using the modified Bridgeman technique. The results of X-ray analyses and the magnetometry data show that the border of solid solutions in this system lay near x = 0.015. Further increasing of x leads to the growing of the second phase, which was identified as Fe₂As. A notable feature of our magnetometry results is the spin-glass-type freezing of magnetic moments in the temperature range of 10 - 50

Anemia of chronic diseases in patients with dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy

Aim. To estimate the effect of anemia of chronic diseases on the processes of cardiovascular system remodeling in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and ischemic cardiomyopathy. Methods. The study included 27 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy with anemia, 19 with dilated cardiomyopathy without anemia, 11 with ischemic cardiomyopathy with anemia, 34 with ischemic cardiomyopathy without anemia, and 30 healthy individuals. In these comparison groups, peripheral blood, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean cell hemoglobin concentration, reticulocytes, serum iron and ferritin were examined. Electrocardiography, echocardiography, scintigraphy and coronary angiography were performed. Results. In all groups identical signs of chronic heart failure class 3 and 4 were found to be predominant, which was confirmed by a significant decrease of blood pressure, stroke volume, ejection fraction, increase of end systolic and diastolic volumes and sizes, as well as left and right atrial size. Patients with dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy with anemia had decreased hemoglobin, number of erythrocytes and platelets, positive correlation between hemoglobin and serum iron (r=0.49, p=0.000), red blood cells and ferritin (r=0.61, p=0.000), negative correlation between hemoglobin and ferritin (r=-0.51, p=0.02). In ischemic cardiomyopathy with anemia positive correlation was found between hemoglobin and serum iron (r=0.54, p=0.000), erythrocytes and ferritin (r=0.49, p=0.03), negative correlation - between hemoglobin and ferritin (r=0.54, p=0.03). Conclusion. In patients with dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy no significant effect of anemia of chronic diseases on heart remodeling processes was revealed

Processing of rare earth metal oxide for use as a master alloy in the metallurgical industry

This article proposes a method for processing REM oxides for their use as master alloys in ferrous metallurgy products. REMs, in the form of modifiers for steels and alloys, are widely use

IMMUNE-INFLAMMATORY MARKERS of CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITIS

The article presents the result of the detection of different-level inflammatory factors of immune defense in patients with chronic pyelonephritis (CP) with detection of definite interconnections between these factors and estimation of their significance in the chronification of the process. The absence of adequate effector reaction on the chronic inflammation with considerable (p < 0,05-0,001) depression of the phagocytosis system, decrease of stimulated reaction of blast-transformed lymphocytes, CD4-helpers, CD16-cells, cytotoxic lymphocytes (CD8), B-lymphocytes (CD22) with oppression of especially secondary immune response against the background of visible (p < 0,05-0,001) decrease of contents of activated lymphocytes (CD25), apoptosis receptors (CD95), antigene of main complex of histocompatibility of 11 class HLADR+, adhesive molecules ICAM-3 and proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, ФНО-α was determined. The character of determined changes in the contents of immune-inflammatory markers that reflect different levels of immune system functioning points at profound disorders of effector reaction with significant oppression of recognition function and destruction by immune system of both endogenous and exogenous antigens and evident inconsistency of cytokines regulatory system in CP patients