Effect of Testosterone, Dihydrotestosterone, Estradiol and Cortisol on the Quality of Fresh and Cryopreserved Stallion Sperm

The effect of steroid hormones on the quality of fresh and cryopreserve sperm has not been fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, estradiol, and cortisol on the quality of fresh and cryopreserved stallion sperm. The study was conducted on 40 Equus caballus stallions, including Arab (n=20), Oryol trotting (n=4), Standardbred (n=4), and Soviet Heavy Draft (n=12) breeds. The average age of the experimental animals was 9.9 ± 0.7 years. We determined standard quality indicators in fresh and cryopreserved sperm and the concentration of steroid hormones in the blood plasma of stallions. Results of the study suggested a negative correlation between the level of testosterone with total (r=-0.41; p<0.01) and progressive (r=-0.44; p<0.01) sperm motility in cryopreserved sperm as well as in fresh sperm (r=-0.38; p<0.05 and r=-0.39; p<0.05 correspondingly). While the level of estradiol showed a positive correlation with survival rate in cryopreserved (r=0.35; p<0.05) and in fresh (r=0.33; p<0.05) sperm. Further, the level of cortisol in the blood plasma of stallions did not show any statistically significant correlations with the qualitative characteristics of sperm.  A positive relationship was found between the concentration of dihydrotestosterone with the volume of ejaculate (r=0.37; p<0.05) and the total number of sperm in the ejaculate (r=0.43; p<0.01). Results of the study can be concluded that steroid hormones have different effects on the quality indicators of fresh and cryopreserved sperm of stallions and their concentration in the blood should be considered when selecting stallions for cryopreservation of sperm

Short distance neutrino Oscillations with BoreXino: SOX

Several anomalies coming from neutrino experiments may be pointing towards new physics: these hints suggest the existence of one (or more) sterile neutrinos. SOX is a short-baseline experiment devoted to shed light on this intriguing hint, by looking for disappearance of ¯νe from a 144Ce-144Pr source with the Borexino apparatus

ИСТОРИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ РОБОТИЗИРОВАННОЙ ХИРУРГИИ И ЕЕ МЕСТО В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ КОЛОПРОКТОЛОГИИ: ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

Today, the robotic surgery is a modern revolutionary technology which is opened a qualitatively new stage in the surgery development in 21-st Century. High level of precision, reliability, functionality of robotic systems can extend the technical capabilities of the surgeons and improve quality of care. Contemporary colorectal surgery couldn’t exist without new technology and the quality of life after surgery directly depends on the quality of surgical care.Сегодня, роботизированная хирургия является революционной технологией, которая открывает качественно новый этап в развитии хирургии 21-го века. Высокий уровень точности, надежности и функциональности робототехнических систем расширяет технические возможности хирургов и улучшает качество медицинской помощи.Современную колоректальную хирургию уже невозможно представить без новейших технологий и качество жизни после операции напрямую зависит от этого

Simulation-based assessment of robotic cardiac surgery skills: An international multicenter, cross-specialty trial

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the validity of simulation-based assessment of robotic-assisted cardiac surgery skills using a wet lab model, focusing on the use of a time-based score (TBS) and modified Global Evaluative Assessment of Robotic Skills (mGEARS) score. Methods: We tested 3 wet lab tasks (atrial closure, mitral annular stitches, and internal thoracic artery [ITA] dissection) with both experienced robotic cardiac surgeons and novices from multiple European centers. The tasks were assessed using 2 tools: TBS and mGEARS score. Reliability, internal consistency, and the ability to discriminate between different levels of competence were evaluated. Results: The results demonstrated a high internal consistency for all 3 tasks using mGEARS assessment tool. The mGEARS score and TBS could reliably discriminate between different levels of competence for the atrial closure and mitral stitches tasks but not for the ITA harvesting task. A generalizability study also revealed that it was feasible to assess competency of the atrial closure and mitral stitches tasks using mGEARS but not the ITA dissection task. Pass/fail scores were established for each task using both TBS and mGEARS assessment tools. Conclusions: The study provides sufficient evidence for using TBS and mGEARS scores in evaluating robotic-assisted cardiac surgery skills in wet lab settings for intracardiac tasks. Combining both assessment tools enhances the evaluation of proficiency in robotic cardiac surgery, paving the way for standardized, evidence-based preclinical training and credentialing. Clinical trial registry number: NCT05043064.</p

Specific features of the luminescence and conductivity of zinc selenide on exposure to X-ray and optical excitation

The set of experimental data on the X-ray-excited luminescence and X-ray induced conductivity of ZnSe are compared to the data on the photoluminescence and photoconductivity. It is experimentally established that the current-voltage characteristics and the kinetics of phosphorescence and current relaxation depend on the type of excitation. It is found that the external electric field influences the intensity and shape of bands in the luminescence spectra. It is shown that the character of excitation defines the kinetics of recombination, charge carrier trapping, and conductivity in wide-gap semiconductors.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures, published in Fizika i Tekhnika Poluprovodnikov, 2010, Vol. 44, No. 5, pp. 594-59

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF NITROPYRIDINES

Background. Pyridines are one of the most common heterocycles, the derivatives of which are widely used in pharmaceuticals, agrochemistry, and also in the production of new materials. Therefore, a comprehensive study of the chemical behavior of various pyridine derivatives will continue to be an urgent task of organic chemistry. This literature review is devoted to the systematization and analysis of the chemical properties of pyridine nitro derivatives, starting from the first half of the 20th century and up to the present. The paper considers both reactions proceeding through the nitro group (reduction under the action of various chemical agents, substitution, condensation) and reactions through the pyridine cycle. The main areas of application of nitropyridines are also shown. Purpose. Generalize and systematize the main types of reactions characteristic of nitropyridines, show the features of their chemical properties associated with the transformation of the nitro group, its effect on the mobility of substituents in the pyridine ring, as well as on the activity of the heterocycle as a whole. Materials and methods. To achieve the goal of the study, a review of the scientific literature was made on the main types of chemical reactions characteristic of pyridine nitro derivatives and the most significant areas of their application. Results. This paper summarizes the results of experimental studies on the chemical properties and application of nitropyridines from the beginning of the last century to the present. Conclusion. Thus, as a result of the analysis of sources devoted to the chemical properties and application of nitropyridines, a brief literature review was compiled, including the main types of reactions characteristic of the compounds under study, and their main areas of application were identified

Комплексное лечение больных с локализованными и местнораспространенными формами почечно-клеточного рака с применением предоперационной эмболизации

Background: Treatment of localized and locally advanced renal cancer is still of current importance. Subjects and methods: 100 cases of pT2, pT3a renal cell carcinoma were compared in 2 groups according to the treatment strategy: 1) patients who had received complex treatment (renal artery embolization and surgical treatment) (a study group) and 2) those who had been surgically treated (a control group). The criterion for efficiency was the median duration of relapse- free survival. Results: the median duration of relapse-free survival was 37 months in study group patients with pT2 disease and 39.5 months in the control group. The relapse-free survival varies greatly: 30.5 months in patients with pT3a in the study group and 16.5 months in the control group. Conclusion: The findings have led to the conclusion that it is necessary to make preoperative renal artery embolization in the complex treatment of patients with pT3a renal cell carcinoma.

РЕКОНСТРУКТИВНО-ПЛАСТИЧЕСКИЕ ОПЕРАЦИИ В КОМПЛЕКСНОМ ЛЕЧЕНИИ И РЕАБИЛИТАЦИИ БОЛЬНЫХ РАКОМ ПРЯМОЙ КИШКИ (КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ)

Today the colorectal cancer still one of the most common oncological disease in the World. Every Year diagnosed more then 1,4 mln new cases of colorectal cancer. Approximately 40% of them – able-bodied citizens. Nowadays we achieved good results in colorectal cancer treatment thanks to multidisciplinary treatment scheme. Actual problem is to preserve quality of life, especially after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. A good known that after low rectal resection patient have a high risk of low anterior resection syndrome – LARS (fecal incontinence, diarrhea, tenesmus etc). The main factor for LARS – loss of reservoir function of the rectum, the most promising direction was the work on the formation of reservoir from the remaining intestine.В настоящее время колоректальный рак занимает одну из лидирующих позиций среди онкологических заболеваний в мире. Каждый год диагностируется более 1,4 млн новых случаев колоректального рака. Примерно 40% из них – трудоспособные граждане. В настоящее время благодаря внедрению программ комбинированного и комплексного лечения удалось достигнуть хороших результатов в лечении колоректального рака. Актуальной проблемой является сохранение качества жизни пациентов, особенно после неоадъювантной химиолучевой терапии в сочетании с оперативным лечением. Хорошо известно, что после проведения резекции прямой кишки имеется высокий риск развития синдрома низкой передней резекции (СНПР) – недержание кала, диарея, тенезмы и т.д. Основная причина СНПР – потеря резервуарной функции прямой кишки. Наиболее эффективным хирургическим методом профилактики СНПР является формирование толстокишечного резервуара

Stokes Diagnostis of 2D MHD-simulated Solar Magnetogranulation

We study the properties of solar magnetic fields on scales less than the spatial resolution of solar telescopes. A synthetic infrared spectropolarimetric diagnostics based on a 2D MHD simulation of magnetoconvection is used for this. We analyze two time sequences of snapshots that likely represent two regions of the network fields with their immediate surrounding on the solar surface with the unsigned magnetic flux density of 300 and 140 G. In the first region we find from probability density functions of the magnetic field strength that the most probable field strength at logtau_5=0 is equal to 250 G. Weak fields (B < 500 G) occupy about 70% of the surface, while stronger fields (B 1000 G) occupy only 9.7% of the surface. The magnetic flux is -28 G and its imbalance is -0.04. In the second region, these parameters are correspondingly equal to 150 G, 93.3 %, 0.3 %, -40 G, and -0.10. We estimate the distribution of line-of-sight velocities on the surface of log tau_5=-1. The mean velocity is equal to 0.4 km/s in the first simulated region. The averaged velocity in the granules is -1.2 km/s and in the intergranules is 2.5 km/s. In the second region, the corresponding values of the mean velocities are equal to 0, -1.8, 1.5 km/s. In addition we analyze the asymmetry of synthetic Stokes-V profiles of the Fe I 1564.8 nm line. The mean values of the amplitude and area asymmetry do not exceed 1%. The spatially smoothed amplitude asymmetry is increased to 10% while the area asymmetry is only slightly varied.Comment: 24 pages, 12 figure