57 research outputs found
A multi-wirescanner test setup utilizing characteristic X-rays for charged particle and photon beam diagnostics
A multi-wirescanner for diagnostics of ionizing particle beams (e.g. both non-relativistic and ultra-relativistic charged particles; X-ray and gamma photons) is proposed and discussed in the paper. The quasimonochromatic characteristic X-rays and continuous background are clearly identified. The results of measurements of the transverse size, emittance, position and direction of beam propagation are presented and discusse
The environment effect on operation of in-vessel mirrors for plasma diagnostics in fusion devices
First mirrors will be the plasma facing components of optical diagnostic
systems in ITER. Mirror surfaces will undergo modification caused by erosion
and re-deposition processes [1,2]. As a consequence, the mirror performance may
be changed and may deteriorate [3,4]. In the divertor region it may also be
obscured by deposition [5-7]. The limited access to in-vessel components of
ITER calls for testing the mirror materials in present day devices in order to
gather information on the material damage and degradation of the mirror
performance, i.e. reflectivity. A dedicated experimental programme, First
Mirror Test (FMT), has been initiated at the JET tokamak within the framework
Tritium Retention Studies (TRS).Comment: 12th International Congress on Plasma Physics, 25-29 October 2004,
Nice (France).Submitted by B. Schunke on behalf of V. Voytseny
Problem-solving tasks in studying agrarian question of history of Kazakhstan
© 2017 Serials Publications.The relevance of the article is to show the problem method of training and a possibility of its application by means of introduction in process of training at lessons of history of Kazakhstan of problem and informative tasks is considered. The purpose, types and stages of work of this technology are defined. Concrete examples of tasks for pupils of 8 classes as the problem of agrarian crisis in the territory of Kazakhstan during his stay as a part of the Russian Empire is subject to consideration (the end of XIX - the beginning of the 20th centuries) are given that corresponds to program material of this age category. The importance of application of the methods aimed at independent search of knowledge and more expanded comprehension of knowledge of pupils reveals. The statå stage of experiment where the initial level of knowledge of pupils reveals is shown in article and the importance of application of problem tasks at further stages of work is proved, questions for questioning at identification of initial knowledge of a subject, and also direct steps in work on drawing up and application of similar tasks are offered. Article Submissions are of practical value for children. having entered life, the child will be more protected from stresses. Problem training forms harmoniously developed creative person capable to think logically, find solutions in various problem situations, capable to systematize and accumulate knowledge, capable to high introspection, self-development itself also corrections. Continuous setting of problem situations leads to the loss of fear by a child to face problems, a child seeks ways to resolve them, and the creative personality, always capable to search is formed
Monochromatic optical cherenkov radiation of moderately relativistic lons in radiators with frequency dispersion
Optical Cherenkov radiation of moderately relativistic ions in a CVD-diamond plate with frequency dispersion is considere
Influence of temperature gradient on diffracted X-ray spectrum in quartz crystal
In this work characteristics of hard X-ray (with energy higher than 30 keV) were investigated. In the experiment we measured spectra of X-ray reflected by a quartz monocrystal in Laue geometry under influence of the temperature gradient. The measurements were made by the spectrometer BDER-KI-11K with 300 eV resolution on the 17.74 keV spectral line of Am241 and the spectrometer XR-100CR with 270 eV resolution on the same spectral line. An existence of temperature gradient leads to increasing of the diffracted beam intensity. The intensity was measured dependently on the temperature of one of the edge of the crystal
Influence of temperature gradient on diffracted X-ray spectrum in quartz crystal
In this work characteristics of hard X-ray (with energy higher than 30 keV) were investigated. In the experiment we measured spectra of X-ray reflected by a quartz monocrystal in Laue geometry under influence of the temperature gradient. The measurements were made by the spectrometer BDER-KI-11K with 300 eV resolution on the 17.74 keV spectral line of Am241 and the spectrometer XR-100CR with 270 eV resolution on the same spectral line. An existence of temperature gradient leads to increasing of the diffracted beam intensity. The intensity was measured dependently on the temperature of one of the edge of the crystal
Observation of soft X-ray Cherenkov radiation in Al
The soft X-ray radiation generated by 5.7 MeV electrons from both an Al foil and a Mylar film in forward direction was experimentally studied. A narrow specific directivity, an ultra-narrow spectral bandwidth and a good consistency between the experiment and theory prove that the Cherenkov radiation (CR) with photon energy near the L-edge of absorption in Al was observed. The results demonstrate that the CR spectral-angular properties and the absolute photon yield can be described well enough using Pafomov's theoretical model and Henke's refractive index database, which is essential for all practical applications
Angular distribution of X-ray radiation by 500 MeV electrons in an tungsten
Abstract X-rays generated by a 500 MeV electron beam of the Tomsk synchrotron in a tungsten single crystal with a mosaic factor less than 80 00 has been studied theoretically and experimentally. The tungsten crystal was a block with sizes 1:7 Â 10 Â 15 mm 3 aligned with the (1 1 1) plane at the Bragg angle h B % 45°to the electron beam axis. The emitted photons were detected at an angle of 2h B with respect to the electron beam. The emitted angular distributions for the (2 2 2) and (4 4 4) orders have been measured and compared with predictions of the developed theoretical model. This model takes the contribution of parametric X-radiation (PXR) and diffracted transition radiation (DTR) generated by relativistic electrons from in-surface of a crystalline target as well as an influence of an interference between PXR and DTR emission mechanisms into account. The obtained results show the important contribution of DTR to the measured emission yield
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