Pharmacological preconditioning by incretinomimetics exenatide and vildagliptin: decrement of liver ischemia-reperfusion injury

Study of hepatoprotective activity of exenatide and vildagliptin on the liver ischemia/reperfusion model, taking into account biochemical and morphological parameter

Comprehensive Treatment of Noninfectious Uveitis Accompanied by Macular Edema with the Use of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma

Background. A common cause of visual impairment in patients with non-infectious uveitis is macular edema, developing in 38–84 % of cases. Plasma enriched with platelets is widely used in various branches of medicine, the effectiveness of its use in the treatment of non-infectious uveitis, accompanied by macular edema, has not been sufficiently investigated. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of autologous platelet-rich plasma in the complex treatment of non-infectious uveitis accompanied by macular edema.Material and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the academician S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution in the period from 2016 to 2018, which included 123 people (176 eyes) from 18 to 50 years with non-infectious uveitis, accompanied by macular edema: 46 men, 77 women. Patients were divided into 2 groups. The main group consisted of patients receiving autologous platelet-rich plasma and anti-inflammatory treatment; the comparison group consisted of patients receiving anti-inflammatory treatment. The results of visual acuity, intraocular pressure, biomicroophthalmoscopy, optical coherence tomography of the macular zone, microperimetry, ultrasound examination on the side of the affected eye were evaluated. Statistical processing of the data was carried out in the program Statistica 10.Results. Maintenance of autologous platelet-rich plasma contributes to a statistically significant improvement in visual acuity on the 10th day of treatment by 64.2 %, a decrease in the thickness of the retina in fovea by 36.3 % and an increase in retinal photosensitivity by 34.6 % compared to the group of patients receiving only anti-inflammatory treatment. Conclusions. The use of autologous platelet-rich plasma in the complex treatment of non-infectious uveitis allows to accelerate the natural mechanisms of tissue regeneration, contributing to the reduction of macular edema, and improve visual performance

Clinical and diagnostic evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of optic neuropathy in patients with edematous endocrine ophthalmopathy

The aim: to conduct a clinical and diagnostic evaluation of the effectiveness of the administration of a complex of drugs in the region of hemolymphocirculation in optical neuropathy in patients with edematous form of endocrine ophthalmopathy.Materials and methods. The results of diagnosis and treatment of 31 patients (61 eyes) with optical neuropathy on the background of edematous exophthalmos in endocrine ophthalmopathy were analyzed. To identify hidden forms of optical neuropathy, such studies were prescribed as computer microperimetry on a confocal infrared ophthalmoscope, a complex of electroretinographic studies: registration of maximum ERG, oscillatory potentials. Latent forms of optical neuropathy were detected in 22 cases. In 9 cases, there were obvious forms of optical neuropathy. All patients underwent a 10-day course of intensive complex treatment, consisting of injections into the region of hemolymphocirculation (projection of the pterygoid fossa) No. 6–8 (No. 3–4 on each side) with an interval of 24 hours of a drug mixture, the formulation of which included Lidocaine 20 mg, Dexazone 4 mg, Hemase 3000 UNITS, Dalargin 1 mg.Results. In all patients, there was a pronounced positive dynamics in the form of a significant (from 0.6 to 1.0) increase in visual acuity, a decrease in exophthalmos from (2.0 to 3.0 mm), an increase in color and contrast sensitivity.Conclusions. Due to the violation of venous and lymphatic outflow due to thickening of extraocular muscles and retrobulbar fiber, injections into the hemolymphocirculation region (projection of the pterygoid fossa) of drugs with a wide range of decongestant and metabolic effects are justified, effective and safe

Complex studies on gene polymorphisms of MMP2, MMP3, MMP9 matrix metalloproteinases and TIMP1, TIMP2 tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in the patients with primary open-angle glaucoma

Abnormal expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) in watery moisture in patients with glaucoma may affect regulation of intraocular pressure (IOP). MMP activity is regulated by tissue metalloproteinase inhibitors (TIMP). The imbalance between tissue metalloproteinase inhibitors and matrix metalloproteinases may contribute to the development of glaucoma. Genetic factors, including polymorphism of matrix metalloproteinase genes and their inhibitors genes, can regulate the level of their expression, thereby affecting susceptibility to disease. Our aim was to perform comprehensive analysis of the MMP2 (rs243865), MMP3 (rs3025058), MMP9 (rs3918242) polymorphisms, and TIMP1 (rs4898), TIMP2 (rs8179090) tissue inhibitor genes polymorphisms in the patients with stage II (advanced) primary open-angle glaucoma.99 patients (52 men and 47 women) with a verified diagnosis of stage II primary open-angle glaucoma were examined. The comparison group consisted of 100 age-matched persons (81 women and 19 men) without ophthalmic disorders. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms in promoter regions of MMP2, TIMP1, TIMP2 genes were analyzed by the TaqMan method, the MMP3 and MMP9 genes, by means of restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Statistical evaluation was carried out using the specialized package of IBM SPSS Statistics 23 programs. The critical level of significance was assumed to be 0.05.The differences in the distribution of MMP2 rs243865 allelotypes with decreased frequency of TT genotype were found in the patient group and, vice versa, increased heterozygosity rates were revealed among them. In addition, the frequency of TIMP1 rs4898 heterozygous genotype was decreased in this group as compared to control sample. Four MMP/TIMP complex genotypes are positively associated with the development of pathology. Two of them were of bilocus type, i.e., MMP2-1306TC:TIMP2-418GG, and MMP3-11715A6A:TIMP1 372CC whereas two three-locus constellations were revealed, i.e., MMP2-1306TC:MMP9-1562CC:TIMP2- 418GG, and MMP3-11715A6A:MMP9-1562CC:TIMP1 372CC. There are nine MMP/TIMP complexes, the frequency of which in patients with glaucoma was significantly reduced when compared with control group.Polymorphism of regulatory regions of MMP2, MMP3, MMP9 genes and distinct gene variants of their inhibitors (TIMP1, TIMP2 genes) can be considered potential markers of the POAG development associated with an imbalance of MMP/TIMP activities

Experimental study of new derivatives of 3-hydroxypyridine as pharmacological agents for the correction of ischemic brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage

Limiting the action of secondary injury factors can improve the prognosis in acute cerebral accidents. The aim of the investigation is to study the neuroprotective effects of 3-hydroxypyridine derivative

VEGF and eNOS genes polymorphism features in patients with diabetes mellitus with and without initial non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy

The endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) imbalance and the polymorphism of these genes may be the predisposition for diabetic retinopathy (DR) development and progression.The aim: to analyze VEGF (rs699947 and rs3025039) and eNOS (rs2070744) genes polymorphism and their combinations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) with and without initial non-proliferative DR.Materials and methods. The study included 200 patients with type 2 diabetes (155 women and 45 men, age – 43–70 years): 111 people without and 89 people with DR. The polymorphism of the regulatory regions of VEGF (rs699947 and rs3025039) and eNOS (rs2070744) genes was studied using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and TaqMan Real-Time PCR by. Statistical processing was carried out using the software packages Statistica 10.0, SPSS Statistics 23 and the package of original programs for volumetric processing of bioinformation.Results. The VEGF-2578 heterozygosity and two complex genotypes – VEGF-2578CA:VEGF+936CC and NOS3-786CT:VEGF-2578CA:VEGF+936CC – signifi cantly decreased in patients with DR. The predisposition to early DR development to minor genotype of eNOS gene in the NOS3-786CC:VEGF+936CT complex and signifi cantly decreased the homozygous wild-type eNOS genotype in DM2 patients with ophthalmopathology were shown. NOS3-86TT:VEGF2578AA genotype signifi cantly decreased in group with retinopathy developing and the glycated hemoglobin high level.Conclusion. Along with the clinical risk factors for the development of DR in DM2, the genetic polymorphism of the regulatory regions of the genes analyzed by us has a signifi cant weight. When analyzing potential genetic markers, it is important to consider possible joint epistatic/hypostatic effects. The complex analysis of polymorphic gene can help early prognosis of the DR development

POLYMORPHISMS OF EXTRACELLULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE REMODELING PROTEINASES AND <i>MMP2, MMP3, MMP9</i> GENES, AND NEOANGIGENESIS <i>VEGF</i> GENE IN RETINAL MICROANGIOPATHY IN THE PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

The aim of our study was to perform an association analysis between MMP2, MMP3, MMP9, VEGF gene polymorphisms and development of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the type 2 diabetic patients (DM).201 DM patients: 90 cases of DR and 111 subjects without DR features were included into the study. Polymorphic variants of MMP2 (rs2438650), MMP3 (rs3025058), MMP9 (rs3918242), and VEGF (rs699947 and rs3025039) genes were assayed. The genetic typing was carried out by restriction fragment length polymorphism and TaqMan methods.The analysis of complex genotypes at the five polymorphic positions has revealed some significant findings in positive and negatively incorporated complexes. Increased frequencies of MMP2-1306 CC genotype in the group of patients with “early” development of complication, and more frequent combination of high-level HbA1c with MMP2-1306CC and MMP9-1562CT genotypes were shown in DR patients. Computerassisted modelling with visual reconstruction of network interactions between the genotypes involved into the destruction events and angiogenesis, as well as altered HbA1с levels (an integral parameter of glycemia), has revealed some differences in structural and functional organization of gene-gene and gene- protein interactions between the groups of patients with DR versus those without this disorder. Сonclusion. A design of interactome biological networks based on transcription regulation and metabolic pathways, as well as their topological analysis allows to build and study interactions of genes and proteins, with reference to pathogenetic studies of DM2 complications aiming for development of approaches to personalized prevention and therapy in future times