Atomic Force Microscopy of Structural-Mechanical Properties of Polyethylene Reinforced by Silicate Needle-Shaped Filler

The paper presents the results of experimental studies of polyethylene-based composites reinforced with silicate needle-shaped filler (palygorskite) of different mass fraction (0, 5, 10, and 15%). These composites are less flammable and fire toxic than unfilled polyethylene. The structure (size, shape, and agglomeration of filler) and local mechanical properties of composites in nonstretched and elongated states were investigated by AFM. In stretched samples palygorskite takes a wavy shape, and at extremely high elongation the filler is orthogonal to the axis of tension. The smooth surfaces of the samples, required for AFM, were prepared using the heating/cooling procedure

Structure and propertties of ball milled utrahigh-molecular weight Polyethylene - clay composite

In this work the composite material based on polymer matrix filled with clay is studied. The preparation of powder composition consists of mechanical activation of substances and further common ball milling of polymer and clay in a high energy planetary ball mill. The process is divided into two stages; the first stage involves crushing of clay to obtain a nanosized powder, and in the second stage preparation of powdered nanocomposite is carried out. New clay-polymer composite shows considerable increase in modulus of elasticity and a decrease in coefficient of friction

Анестезиологическое обеспечение циркулярной резекции трахеи без ее интубации

Introduction. Currently, there is a tendency for a number of post-intubation patients to develop post-tracheostomic cicatricial stenosis of the trachea. This dictates a need for the improvement of surgical and anaesthesiologic approaches to intubation management. Objective: Analysis of the specific parameters of anesthesia for cervical tracheal resection in patients with stenosis of the trachea without its intubation.Subjects and methods. We analyzed 12 cases of circular resection of the trachea due to benign stenosis. The degree of anesthetic risk was as follows: 11 patients – ASA 3, 1 patient – ASA 4. Tracheal stenosis persisted for 14±6 months before it was resected (Me 4, Min 1, Max 67). The length of the resected part of the trachea was 27±3 mm (Me 25, Min 15, Max 40), duration of surgery – 159±9 min (Me 160, Min 65, Max 240). The anesthesia strategy included the insertion of the I-Gel supraglottic airway device with a jet ventilation catheter put through the I-Gel. Temporary stenting of the stenosis zone of the trachea before surgery (if necessary) instead of bougienate was an important component of the anesthesia strategy. Mandatory use of sedation (dexmedetomidine) is suggested before and within 12 hours after surgery.Results. This strategy can be successfully implemented if the minimum diameter of the tracheal stenosis exceeds 7 mm (the jet ventilation catheter is necessary to be applied through this lumen and a fine bronchoscope used to monitor the state of the catheter tip). Preliminary stenting with metal stents was performed in 5 patients. The I-Gel lumen was wide enough to manipulate a flexible endoscope, a catheter guide was inserted for jet ventilation, and then the catheter itself was placed. The use of high-frequency ventilation mask it advisable to ensure adequate gas exchange at all stages of the surgery. Sedation with dexmedetomidine reduced the patient’s discomfort after the surgery due to the fixation of the patient’s head with stitches in a “nodding” position, which reduced anastomosis tension. In all 12 patients, this anesthesia strategy was successful and provided a more favorable environment for surgeons compared to the classical approach with the use of an endotracheal tube. In all patients, anastomosis healed by primary tension with no complications.Conclusion. The use of a supraglottic airway device, dexmedetomidine, and temporary stenting of the stenotic part of the trachea allow the surgeon to avoid tracheal intubation during circular resection and expand the range of anesthesiological tools during tracheal surgery.Введение. В настоящее время имеется отчетливая тенденция к увеличению числа пациентов с постинтубационным, посттрахеостомическим рубцовым стенозом трахеи, что обусловливает необходимость совершенствовать не только хирургические, но и анестезиологические подходы при их устранении.Цель: проанализировать особенности анестезии без интубации трахеи при циркулярной резекции трахеи при ее стенозах в шейном отделе.Материалы и методы. Проанализировано 12 случаев циркулярной резекции шейного отдела трахеи в связи с ее стенозом. Степень анестезиологического риска: 11 больных ‒ ASA 3, 1 ‒ ASA 4. Длительность существования стеноза трахеи до ее резекции ‒ 14 ± 6 мес. (Me 4; Min 1; Max 67), протяженность резецированного участка трахеи ‒ 27 ± 3 мм (Me 25; Min 15; Max 40), продолжительность операций ‒ 159 ± 9 мин (Me = 160, Min = 65, Max = 240). Тактика анестезии предполагала замену интубации трахеи установкой надгортанного воздуховода I-Gel с проведением через него катетера для струйной высокочастотной вентиляции легких (ВЧ ИВЛ). Важными составляющими подхода являлись стентирование зоны стеноза (при необходимости) вместо ее бужирования перед операцией, а также обязательное использование седации (дексмедетомидин) при выполнении инвазивных процедур непосредственно перед операцией, а также в течение 12 ч после нее.Результаты. Успешная реализация подхода возможна при минимальном диаметре стеноза трахеи 7 мм (из расчета возможности проведения сквозь этот просвет как катетера для ВЧ ИВЛ, так и тонкого бронхоскопа для контроля стояния кончика катетера). Предварительное стентирование трахеи металлическими стентами выполнено 5 пациентам. Через просвет I-Gel было достаточно легко манипулировать гибким эндоскопом, заводить проводник для катетера для струйной вентиляции, а затем и сам катетер. Применение ВЧ ИВЛ позволяло обеспечить адекватный газообмен на всех этапах операции. Седация дексмедетомидином уменьшала чувство дискомфорта после операции из-за фиксации головы больного швами в «кивательном» положении и уменьшала вероятность натяжения анастомоза. Менять тактику анестезии не потребовалось ни в одном из 12 случаев. Использованный подход обеспечил более благоприятные условия для оперирования по сравнению с классическим подходом, предполагающим использование эндотрахеальной трубки. Во всех случаях анастомоз заживал первичным натяжением, без осложнений.Вывод. Использование современных надгортанных воздуховодов, дексмедетомидина и стентирования суженного участка трахеи позволяет обойтись без интубации трахеи при ее циркулярной резекции и расширяет возможности анестезиологического обеспечения хирургических вмешательств на трахее.

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM OF SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL CONTENT BASED ON LINKED OPEN DATA

The paper briefly provides the results of developing an information retrieval system prototype for scientific and educational content based on linked open data. The authors proposed a solution for the problem of information acquisition on publications from decentralized sources. The paper also presents the system functioning principle and shortly describes the architecture of the system prototype. A feature of the developed prototype is the provision of the ability to search for scientific publications taking into account the professional interests of the end user. The aim of this work is spreading a word and increasing of the linked open data popularity in the academia

ENDOBRONCHIAL PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY UNDER FLUORESCENCE CONTROL: PHOTODYNAMIC THERANOSTICS

One of the disadvantages of photodynamic therapy is impossibility to specify the method according to biological features of malignant tumor such as a degree of blood supply, accumulation of photosensibilizator in tumorous tissue, proliferative activity and etc. The authors aimed to develop a mode of individualization of endobronchial photodynamic therapy of central non-small cell carcinoma of lung and assessment of method efficacy. The suggested method is based on fluorescent diagnostics of degree of accumulation of photosensibilizator in timorous tissue and the rate of its expenditure in process of performing of photodynamic therapy. There was made a comparison of parameters of methods and results of photodynamic therapy in 2 randomized groups. Each group consisted of 45 patients. The research method was applied in the main group and the standard method was used in the comparison group. It was found that the research method allowed significant reduction of duration of irradiation compared with conventional method (at the average from 690±65sec to 470±45sec, p=0,02), though the treatment results were the same. The suggested method allowed separation of group of patients with absence of fluorescence of timorous tissue. Performance of photodynamic therapy is unreasonable for these patients

INTRAOPERATIVE DETECTION OF SENTINEL LYMPH NODES USING INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEM IN LOCAL NON-SMALL CELL CARCINOMA OF LUNG

The article presents the results of the first domestic experience of intraoperative fluorescence mapping of sentinel lymph nodes in lung cancer. The research included 10 patients, who underwent surgery over the period of time from September 2013 to May 2014. After performing thoracotomy, the solution of indocyanine green (ICG) was injected using subpleural position above the tumor in 3-4 points. Fluorescence (ICG) image guided surgery was carried out by using infrared radiation (wave length 808 nm) on lung surface, root of lung, mediastinum in real time. Fluorescence lymph nodes were mapped. In case that metastatic lesions weren’t revealed in sentinel lymph nodes, they weren’t noted in other nodes. Method specificity consisted of 100%. Biopsy and histological study of sentinel lymph nodes mapped during fluorescence (ICG) image guided surgery could be useful for prevention of lymphodissection in patients with non-small cell carcinoma of lung

THE RANDOMIZED STUDY OF EFFICIENCY OF PREOPERATIVE PHOTODYNAMIC

The authors made a prospective randomized comparison of results of preoperative photodynamic therapy (PhT) with chemotherapy, preoperative chemotherapy in initial unresectable central non-small cell lung cancer in stage III. The efficiency and safety of preoperative therapy were estimated as well as the possibility of subsequent surgical treatment. The research included patients in stage IIIA and IIIB of central non-small cell lung cancer with lesions of primary bronchi and lower section of the trachea, which initially were unresectable, but potentially the patients could be operated on after preoperative treatment. The photodynamic therapy was performed using chlorine E6 and the light of wave length 662 nm. Since January 2008 till December 2011, 42 patients were included in the research, 21 patients were randomized in the group for photodynamic therapy and 21 — in group without PhT. These groups were compared according to their sex, age, stage of the disease and histological findings. After nonadjuvant treatment the remissions were reached in 19 (90%) patients of the group with PhT and in 16 (76%) patients without PhT and all the patients were operated on. The explorative operations were made on 3 patients out of 16 operated on in the group without PhT (19%). In the group PhT 14 pneumonectomies and 5 lobectomies were perfomed opposite 10 pneumonectomies and 3 lobectomies in group without PhT. The degree of radicalism of resection appears to be reliably higher in the group PhT (RO– 89%, R1–11% as against RO–54%, R1–46% in group without PhT), p=0,038. The preoperative endobronchial PhT conducted with chemotherapy was characterized by efficiency and safety, allowed the surgical treatment and elevated the degree of radicalism of this treatment in selected patients, initially assessed as unresectable

Training 1 Main stages of industrial iot-based system development

Training 1 Main stages of industrial iot-based system development / Yu. P. Kondratenko, G. V. Kondratenko, O. V. Kozlov, A. M. Topalov, O. S. Gerasin // Internet of Things for Industrial Systems / Yu. P. Kondratenko, V. S. Kharchenko (еds.). – Kharkiv : Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University : Zaporizhzhia National Technical University : National Aerospace University “Kharkiv Аviation Іnstitute”, 2019. – P. 7–83.The materials of the training part of the study course ITM6 “IoT for industrial systems”, developed in the framework of the ERASMUS+ ALIOT project “Internet of Things: Emerging Curriculum for Industry and Human Applications” (573818-EPP-12016-1-UK-EPPKA2-CBHE-JP). The structure of work on verification of residual knowledge in the discipline, the corresponding training material, examples of tasks and criteria of evaluation are given. In the learning process, the theoretical aspects of IoT for industrial systems are presented. The structures, models and technologies for development of industrial IoT-based systems, advanced techniques and means for design, modernization and implementation of industrial IoT-based systems, application of IoT technologies in engineering, and development and hardware optimization of control units for IoT devices in industry systems are examined. It is intended for engineers, developers and scientists engaged in the IoT for industrial systems, for postgraduate students of universities studying in area of IoT-based systems, as well as for lecturers of relevant courses. Ref. – 117 items, figures – 106, tables – 7

General approach to structures and models building of IoT-based industrial systems

General approach to structures and models building of IoT-based industrial systems / Yu. P. Kondratenko, O. V. Kozlov, O. V. Korobko, O. S. Gerasin, A. M. Topalov // Internet of Things for Industry and Human Application. In Vol. 1–3. Vol. 3. Assessment and Implementation / V. S. Kharchenko (ed.). – Kharkiv : National Aerospace University “Kharkiv Aviation Institute”, 2019. – P. 740–771.Three-volume book contains theoretical materials for lectures and training modules developed in frameworks of project “Internet of Things: Emerging Curriculum for Industry and Human Applications /ALIOT” (Project Number: 573818-EPP-1-2016-1-UK-EPPKA2-CBHE-JP, 2016-2019) funded by EU Program ERASMUS+. Volume 3 describes techniques and tools for creation, assessment and implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) in different industry and human domains. The book consists of 6 parts for corresponding training courses: IoT for smart energy grid(sections 32-35), IoT for smart buildings and cities (sections 36-39), IoT for intelligent transportation systems (sections 40-43), IoT for healthcare systems (sections 44-47), IoT for ecology, safety and security monitoring systems (sections 48-51), IoT for industrial systems (sections 52-56). The book prepared by Ukrainian university teams with support of EU academic colleagues of the ALIOT consortium. The book is intended for MSc and PhD students studying IoT technologies, software and computer engineering and science, cyber security. It could be useful for lecturers of universities and training centers, researchers and developers of IoT systems