8 research outputs found
Etude écologique du Parc National de Mozogo-Gokoro (Cameroun): prospections préliminaires de la flore ligneuse et du sol pour sa conservation et son aménagement
La conservation et la gestion rationnelle des aires protĂ©gĂ©es requiĂšrent des Ă©tudes prĂ©alables de caractĂ©risations Ă©cologique et floristique. Dans cette optique, il a Ă©tĂ© envisagĂ© des prospections de base de la flore ligneuse et du sol pour lâamĂ©nagement du Parc National de Mozogo-Gokoro (PNMG), situĂ© en zone sahĂ©lo-soudanienne, rĂ©gion de lâExtrĂȘme-Nord au Cameroun. Les donnĂ©es obtenues dĂ©crivent un sol favorable à la production vĂ©gĂ©tale : texture sablo-limoneuse, activitĂ©s biologiques prĂ©sentes et absence dâĂ©rosion. La vĂ©gĂ©tation prĂ©sente une physionomie de forĂȘt sĂšche claire Ă dense. La diversitĂ© compositionnelle montre sa grande richesse floristique, avec 62 espĂšces de ligneux identifiĂ©es. Lâindice de Shannon est Ă©valuĂ© Ă 3,75 bits avec une Ă©quitabilitĂ© de 0,84. Dans sa structure, il peut ĂȘtre relevĂ© une densitĂ© trĂšs Ă©levĂ©e (2972 tiges/hectare) et la forte reprĂ©sentativitĂ© des moyennes et hautes tiges, preuves de sa grande prĂ©servation. Les types phytogĂ©ographiques rapprochent la vĂ©gĂ©tation des zones soudaniennes Ă guinĂ©ennes. Ces caractĂ©ristiques peuvent lui confĂ©rer le statut dâĂ©cosystĂšme de rĂ©fĂ©rence montrant un transfert dâespĂšces des zones guinĂ©ennes et soudaniennes au sahĂ©lien, malgrĂ© les menaces anthropiques notĂ©es. Ces spĂ©cificitĂ©s floristiques peuvent sâexpliquer par les mesures de conservation appliquĂ©es, la pĂ©dologie et la topographie (bas-fond, piĂ©mont). Lâobtention dâattributs vitaux, de façon plus approfondie, pourrait confirmer ces analyses et contribuer plus significativement Ă son processus dâamĂ©nagement.Mots clĂ©s : PrĂ©-inventaire, diversitĂ© compositionnelle, structure, Ă©cosystĂšme de rĂ©fĂ©rence, menaces anthropiques, aire protĂ©gĂ©
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Global Analysis of Predicted G Protein-Coupled Receptor Genes in the Filamentous Fungus, Neurospora crassa.
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) regulate facets of growth, development, and environmental sensing in eukaryotes, including filamentous fungi. The largest predicted GPCR class in these organisms is the Pth11-related, with members similar to a protein required for disease in the plant pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. However, the Pth11-related class has not been functionally studied in any filamentous fungal species. Here, we analyze phenotypes in available mutants for 36 GPCR genes, including 20 Pth11-related, in the model filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. We also investigate patterns of gene expression for all 43 predicted GPCR genes in available datasets. A total of 17 mutants (47%) possessed at least one growth or developmental phenotype. We identified 18 mutants (56%) with chemical sensitivity or nutritional phenotypes (11 uniquely), bringing the total number of mutants with at least one defect to 28 (78%), including 15 mutants (75%) in the Pth11-related class. Gene expression trends for GPCR genes correlated with the phenotypes observed for many mutants and also suggested overlapping functions for several groups of co-transcribed genes. Several members of the Pth11-related class have phenotypes and/or are differentially expressed on cellulose, suggesting a possible role for this gene family in plant cell wall sensing or utilization
Candida vaginitis among symptomatic pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Mwanza, Tanzania
Global Analysis of Predicted G ProteinâCoupled Receptor Genes in the Filamentous Fungus, Neurospora crassa
G proteinâcoupled receptors (GPCRs) regulate facets of growth, development, and environmental sensing in eukaryotes, including filamentous fungi. The largest predicted GPCR class in these organisms is the Pth11-related, with members similar to a protein required for disease in the plant pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. However, the Pth11-related class has not been functionally studied in any filamentous fungal species. Here, we analyze phenotypes in available mutants for 36 GPCR genes, including 20 Pth11-related, in the model filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. We also investigate patterns of gene expression for all 43 predicted GPCR genes in available datasets. A total of 17 mutants (47%) possessed at least one growth or developmental phenotype. We identified 18 mutants (56%) with chemical sensitivity or nutritional phenotypes (11 uniquely), bringing the total number of mutants with at least one defect to 28 (78%), including 15 mutants (75%) in the Pth11-related class. Gene expression trends for GPCR genes correlated with the phenotypes observed for many mutants and also suggested overlapping functions for several groups of co-transcribed genes. Several members of the Pth11-related class have phenotypes and/or are differentially expressed on cellulose, suggesting a possible role for this gene family in plant cell wall sensing or utilization
Prevalence, risk factors and antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida species among pregnant women at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia
N-acetyl cysteine reverses social isolation rearing induced changes in cortico-striatal monoamines in rats
Schizophrenia is causally associated with early-life
environmental stress, implicating oxidative stress in its pathophysiology.
N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a glutathione precursor
and antioxidant, is emerging as a useful agent in the adjunctive
treatment of schizophrenia and other psychiatric illnesses.
However, its actions on brain monoamine metabolism are
unknown. Social isolation rearing (SIR) in rats presents with
face, predictive and construct validity for schizophrenia. This
study evaluated the dose-dependent effects of NAC (50, 150
and 250 mg/kg/day Ă 14 days) on SIR- vs. socially reared
induced changes in cortico-striatal levels of dopamine (DA),
serotonin (5-HT) noradrenaline (NA) and their associated metabolites.
SIR induced significant deficits in frontal corticalDA
and its metabolites, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (Dopac)
and homovanillic acid (HVA), reduced 5-HT and its metabolite,
5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and reduced levels
of the NA metabolite, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol
(MHPG). In addition, significant elevations in frontal cortical
NA and striatal DA, Dopac, HVA, 5-HT, 5-HIAA, NA and
MHPG were also observed in SIR rats. NAC at 150 and
250 mg/kg reversed all cortico-striatal DA, Dopac, HVA, 5-
HT, 5-HIAA and striatal NA alterations in SIR animals, with
250 mg/kg of NAC also reversing alterations in cortico-striatal
MHPG. In conclusion, SIR profoundly alters cortico-striatal
DA, 5-HT and NA pathways that parallel observations in
schizophrenia, while these changes are dose-dependently reversed
or abrogated by sub-chronic NAC treatment. A modulatory
action on cortico-striatal monoamines may explain
NACsâ therapeutic use in schizophrenia and possibly other
psychiatric disorders, where redox dysfunction or oxidative
stress is a causal factor