NIAS NEWSLETTER Vol 3(4)

Complex Systems Programme, NIAS Foundation Day, Regular Updates, Events & Publications, Campus Note

In vitro hepatoprotective activity of Eichhornia Crassipes flowers against CCl4 induced toxicity in BRL3A cell line

316-319The present study was carried out to determine the in vitro hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract from Eichhornia crassipes (EEEC) flowers using the CCl4-challenged BRL3A cell model. Hepatoprotective activity of EEEC (at concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 μg/mL) and standard drug silymarin (200 μg/mL) was evaluated against CCl4 induced toxicity using BRL3A cell line by measuring the cell viability, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and glutathione level (GSH). Treatment with CCl4 produced a significant decrease in cell viability. In addition, hepatotoxicity was revealed by increased hepatic marker enzymes like AST, ALT and LDH paralleled with elevated lipid peroxidation and decline in GSH levels. The toxicity induced by CCl4 in the BRL3A cells was significantly recovered by treatment with EEEC. The tested doses (100 and 200 μg/mL) significantly (P <0.01) reduced the CCl4 induced elevation of AST, ALT and LDH and also restored the altered biochemical parameters. These findings provide a basis for confirming the traditional uses of E. crassipes in treating liver ailments

In vitro hepatoprotective activity of Eichhornia Crassipes flowers against CCl4 induced toxicity in BRL3A cell line

The present study was carried out to determine the in vitro hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract from Eichhornia crassipes (EEEC) flowers using the CCl4-challenged BRL3A cell model. Hepatoprotective activity of EEEC (at concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 μg/mL) and standard drug silymarin (200 μg/mL) was evaluated against CCl4 induced toxicity using BRL3A cell line by measuring the cell viability, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and glutathione level (GSH). Treatment with CCl4 produced a significant decrease in cell viability. In addition, hepatotoxicity was revealed by increased hepatic marker enzymes like AST, ALT and LDH paralleled with elevated lipid peroxidation and decline in GSH levels. The toxicity induced by CCl4 in the BRL3A cells was significantly recovered by treatment with EEEC. The tested doses (100 and 200 μg/mL) significantly (P &lt;0.01) reduced the CCl4 induced elevation of AST, ALT and LDH and also restored the altered biochemical parameters. These findings provide a basis for confirming the traditional uses of E. crassipes in treating liver ailments

A Fibreoptic Endoscopic Study of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding at Bugando Medical Centre in Northwestern Tanzania: a Retrospective Review of 240 Cases.

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is recognized as a common and potentially life-threatening abdominal emergency that needs a prompt assessment and aggressive emergency treatment. A retrospective study was undertaken at Bugando Medical Centre in northwestern Tanzania between March 2010 and September 2011 to describe our own experiences with fibreoptic upper GI endoscopy in the management of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding in our setting and compare our results with those from other centers in the world. A total of 240 patients representing 18.7% of all patients (i.e. 1292) who had fibreoptic upper GI endoscopy during the study period were studied. Males outnumbered female by a ratio of 2.1:1. Their median age was 37 years and most of patients (60.0%) were aged 40 years and below. The vast majority of the patients (80.4%) presented with haematemesis alone followed by malaena alone in 9.2% of cases. The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, alcohol and smoking prior to the onset of bleeding was recorded in 7.9%, 51.7% and 38.3% of cases respectively. Previous history of peptic ulcer disease was reported in 22(9.2%) patients. Nine (3.8%) patients were HIV positive. The source of bleeding was accurately identified in 97.7% of patients. Diagnostic accuracy was greater within the first 24 h of the bleeding onset, and in the presence of haematemesis. Oesophageal varices were the most frequent cause of upper GI bleeding (51.3%) followed by peptic ulcers in 25.0% of cases. The majority of patients (60.8%) were treated conservatively. Endoscopic and surgical treatments were performed in 30.8% and 5.8% of cases respectively. 140 (58.3%) patients received blood transfusion. The median length of hospitalization was 8 days and it was significantly longer in patients who underwent surgical treatment and those with higher Rockall scores (P < 0.001). Rebleeding was reported in 3.3% of the patients. The overall mortality rate of 11.7% was significantly higher in patients with variceal bleeding, shock, hepatic decompensation, HIV infection, comorbidities, malignancy, age > 60 years and in patients with higher Rockall scores and those who underwent surgery (P < 0.001). Oesophageal varices are the commonest cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in our environment and it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The diagnostic accuracy of fibreoptic endoscopy was related to the time interval between the onset of bleeding and endoscopy. Therefore, it is recommended that early endoscopy should be performed within 24 h of the onset of bleeding

Track D Social Science, Human Rights and Political Science

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138414/1/jia218442.pd