297 research outputs found
Pedagogical research: in search for means of quality improvement
The aim of the investigation is to disclose lacks of dissertational works on pedagogics and to show possible ways of improvement of their quality. Results. It is stated that despite high volume and a variety of dissertational researches on pedagogical sciences, efficiency of their influence on educationΒ practice still remains rather low. The reason is low degree of quality of researches as many researches do not stimulate occurrence of innovations and growth of quality of education. As shown in the article the basic lacks that obstruct practical application are the following: a triviality and the unsubstantiated character, and insufficient novelty and excessive Β« scientificityΒ». The author finds out the process and result of the most widespread type of the pedagogical research devoted to process of formation of personal quality, a kind of cultural experience or any pupilsβ competence. The result of pedagogical research should contain criteria characteristic: the purposes of this process; maintenances of Β«transferredΒ» experience; psychological conditions of its mastering; the description of system of pedagogical means and the receptions providing actualisation of these conditions; criteria and indicators of productivity of process; requirements to the teachers who are carrying out this process, and characteristics of pupils for which the offered technique is the most effective. The typical errors made by authors of researches are listed: psychological conditions (common factors, mechanisms) of expected innovations are not revealed; as a result the choice of means has no sufficient bases and reached effect can be a simple accident; authors do not provide evidence of changes that have resulted from application of any stated technique; the role of personal and professional qualities of the researcher are not pointed out, though it always takes a considerable place n pedagogical systems.cientific novelty. The paper is rather useful as the author gives a system consideration of the nature, specificity and conditions of scientific and pedagogical research productivity. Practical significance. The author provide the paper with accurate instructions for designing theoretical and empirical aspects of pedagogical research and ways of results summary that are the most comprehensible to their practical use while working on dissertationΠ¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ β Π²ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ, Π½Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡ
Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ. ΠΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½Π΅Π΅ Β«Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅Β», Π·Π°ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π΄Π²Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½, Π·Π°ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° β ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΒ», Β«Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Β», Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Β«ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΉΒ» ΠΈ Π΄Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½, ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ β ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΡ
Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°, Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ-ΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². Π§ΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°, ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΡ: ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°; ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Β«ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ» ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°; ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ; ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ; ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°; ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌ, ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΈ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ, Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°. ΠΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈ, Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ: ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ (Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ) ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π° Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π½ΡΡΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ; ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
, Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ² ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
-ΡΠΎ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²; Π½Π΅ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ°, Ρ
ΠΎΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΠΈ Π΄Ρ.ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ β Π² Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅, Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈ
Metals from the ritual site of Shaitanskoye Ozero II (Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia) [Metales del yacimiento ritual de Shaitanskoye Ozero II (provincia de Sverdlovsk Oblast, Rusia)]
The present article describes materials from the ritual site of Shaitanskoye Ozero II, Sverdlovsk Oblast. Few excavations carried out at the site measuring less than 240 sq. m in size, yielded more than 160 bronze artifacts: utensils, weapons, rolled copper ornaments, and abundant smelting and casting waste. Apart from Seima-Turbino (celts and laminar knives) and Eurasian types (daggers with cast hilts, truncated knives with guards, fluted bracelets and rings), several metal artifacts were revealed manufactured in the style of the Samus-Kizhirovo tradition. Bronze artifacts, stone knives and scrapers, and numerous arrowheads are accompanied by ceramics of the Koptyaki type. Metals use mainly a copper-tin alloy. This assemblage is shown to be relevant to the local tradition of metalworking, which, in this particular region, was comparatively ancient having been left uninterrupted by the rapid migrations of the Seima-Turbino people. In addition, the assemblage indicates the sources from which post-Seima artifacts reached the Alakul people. These artifacts may also have been linked with a large metalworking center located in the Middle Urals
Dissertation Research on Pedagogy: Situation, Problems, Resources
In the article the situation and trends in the development of dissertations in pedagogy have being analyzed, positive trends and reasons for the low quality of individual dissertations is indicated. The authors focus on methodological βomissionsβ that reduce the scientific value of dissertations. Authors include to that the construction by dissertators of key theoretical and methodological premises of the study β a research question, a hypothesis, a concept, novelty, a model of the process under study, an experimental substantiation of the conclusions, which reflect the βdeficienciesβ of the methodological culture of authors, the specifics of pedagogical research are not taken into account. The authors try to explain why these βconclusionsβ often cause mistrust among practicing teachers. Constructive recommendations for conducting a dissertation research are also made in the article
Migrating leukocytes are the source of Peroxiredoxin V during inflammation in the airways
BACKGROUND: We characterized changes in expression of the antioxidant protein Peroxiredoxin V (PRXV) during airway inflammation. METHODS: Studies in anesthetized rats and mice; PRXV expression determined by Western blot analyses and immunohistochemistry; PRXV m-RNA expression determined by Taq-Man RT-PCR. RESULTS: Bacterial lung inflammation did not change expression of PRXV in murine epithelia but produced massive influx of leukocytes highly expressing PRXV. Endotoxin and f-MLP induced leukocyte migration in rat trachea but did not change mRNA levels and PRXV protein expression in tracheal epithelial cells. In primary airway cell culture (cow), alveolar epithelial cells A549, or co-culture of A549 with murine macrophages RAW264.7, exposure to live bacteria increased expression of PRXV, which required serum. PRXV was secreted in vitro by epithelial and immune cells. CONCLUSION: Inflammation increased expression of PRXV in airways by at least 2 mechanisms: cell population shift by massive influx of leukocytes expressing PRXV, and moderate post-transcriptional up-regulation of PRXV in epithelial cells
Changes of indices of the oxygen-transport state, depending on periodization of the ischemic cerebral stroke
Objective. To elaborate a clinico-pathogenetic periodization of ischemic cerebral stroke, depending on changes of the oxygen-transport state indices in critically ill patents, suffering the ischemic cerebral stroke on background of conduction of complex intensive therapy.
Materials and methods. Into the investigation 75 patients, suffering ischemic cerebral stroke, ageing 41 - 77 yrs, were included, in whom the indices of oxygen-transport state and severity of neurological symptoms on background of complex intensive therapy were studied. Depending on severity of neurologic symptoms, three similar groups of patients were formed (25 patients in every one), suffering mild, middle-severe and severe ischemic cerebral stroke, in which the disease severity was determined in accordance to the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale.
Results. On background of the complex intensive therapy conduction the duration of the most acute period in mild ischemic stroke have constituted 3 days, in a middle-severe - 4 days, and in a severe one - 7 days. Tendency towards minimization of neurologic deficiency was noted, if parameters of central hemodynamics, the oxygen budget and the cognition level were stabilized during 2 days. Simultaneously the cardiac index values for all groups of patients have been situated in a range of (2.99 Β± 0.20) l Γ min-1 Γ m-2, the oxygen delivery index have exceeded (509 Β± 34) ml Γ min-1 Γ m-2. The restored level of neurological symptoms have not a tendency towards improvement or was stable during several days in accordance to data of the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale. The restored level of neurological symptoms had a tendency to improvement or staying during several days stable in accordance to indices of scales of National Institute of Health and Comas Glasgow, than a progressive staged improvement began.
Conclusion. Normalization during 2 days of the oxygen-transport state indices without neurological symptoms progression constitutes a criterion of conclusion of the most acute period of the disease in patients, suffering mild, middle-severe and severe ischemic cerebral stroke. The restored due to intensive therapy during 48 h the oxygen-transport state without progressing of neurological symptoms in patients, suffering ischemic cerebral stroke, witnesses lowering of the cerebral tissue oedema and restoration of the autoregulation processes
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°
Introduction. The systematization of perceived age studies has revealed a disproportion in the following: (a) factors of perceived age (characteristics of the object of perception are well studied, while little attention has been devoted to characteristics of the subject of perception); (b) components of physical appearance (considerable attention has been paid to the influence of the static component of physical appearance on the personβs perceived age, while few data are available on the dynamic component).
The present study reveals the influence of the dynamic component of physical appearance on the perceived age of the object of perception and also the perceiving subjectβs socio-psychological characteristics as factors for Anotherβs age perception.
Materials and Methods. The objects of age perception (models) comprised 7 persons aged 21β23 years and one person aged 45 years. The photos and videos of the modelsβ spontaneous dancing were used. The study involved 108 subjects of perception (aged 14β78 years). The study employed (a) V. A. Labunskayaβs technique for the Evaluation/Content Interpretation of Appearance and Its Correspondence with Gender/Age Constructs, (b) V. Schutz Interpersonal Relations Questionnaire, and (c) the Demographic Questionnaire.
Results. The dynamic component of a personβs physical appearance influences his/her perceived age. Thus, the observers perceive them as being younger than in the photos. If age visual presentations were contradictory, the observer relied on the static component of physical appearance. The study draws a conclusion that the perceiving subjectβs relation to his/her own physical appearance influences the perceived age of the object of perception.
Discussion. The present study confirms the leading role of the static component of physical appearance in perceiving the personβs age, which is noted in numerous studies. The perceiving subjectβs psychological characteristics (relation to his/her own physical appearance) determine another personβs perceived age. The study findings expand the knowledge of the complex and multifactorial determination of the process of constructing another personβs age.ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π° Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ: 1) ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° (ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ); 2) ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° (ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°, Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Ρ).
ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° (Β«ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉΒ») Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ 21β23 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ 45 Π»Π΅Ρ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ° Β«ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉΒ». Π‘ΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ 108 ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ (ΠΎΡ 14 Π΄ΠΎ 78 Π»Π΅Ρ). Π ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° Β«ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π³Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΒ» Π. Π. ΠΠ°Π±ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π. Π¨ΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π°Π½ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°.
Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ: ΠΎΠ½ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΎ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° Π½Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°. Π ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ.
ΠΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°, Π·Π°ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π² ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ (Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ), ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°
Photophoresis of topical steroids in the treatment of severe forms of lichen ruber planus of oral mucosa
The objective of the study is to search for new methods of treatment for lichen ruber planus with high efficacy, few complications and side effects, as well as providing a long-term therapeutic effect. The authors used the method of photophoresis (red LED radiation + topical steroid) in the combination treatment of 40 patients with severe forms of lichen ruber planu
Unraveling the deposition mechanism in a-C:H thin-film growth : a molecular-dynamics study for the reaction behavior of C3 and C3H radicals with a-C:H surfaces
In this mol.-dynamics study, we present the simulated growth of thin a-C:H films using the Brenner [Phys. Rev. B 42, 9458 (1990)] potential. These simulations are relevant for the growth of thin films, grown using low-energy hydrocarbons. In this work, we investigate the reaction mechanisms of both the linear and the cyclic isomers of C3 and C3H on an a-C:H surface. We found that the cyclic species are always more reactive as compared to the linear species, due to their lower stability. The C3 species are found to be more reactive than the C3H species, due to steric hindrance of the H atom, shielding the C atom from the surface. The different mechanisms are discussed. The resulting film properties for different flux ratios of C3 and C3H have also been investigated. It is shown that films as deposited from C3 and C3H have a low d. and show low crosslinking. A clear change in microstructure is obsd. as the ratio between the cyclic and the linear species changes. These simulations provide insights into the reaction behavior of the investigated species, and how this influences the resulting film properties. [on SciFinder (R)
Photophoresis of topical steroids in the treatment of severe forms of lichen ruber planus of oral mucosa
The objective of the study is to search for new methods of treatment for lichen ruber planus with high efficacy, few complications and side effects, as well as providing a long-term therapeutic effec
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