Международная научно-методическая конференция «Форсайт образования: академические свободы vs аккредитационные ограничения»

.В период с 20 по 22 марта 2019 г. в г. Москве в Финансовом университете при Правительстве Российской Федерации прошла Международная научно-методическая конференция «Форсайт образования: академические свободы  vs аккредитационные ограничения»

Experimental and numerical investigations of flow structure and momentum transport in a turbulent buoyancy-driven flow inside a tilted tube.

Buoyancy-driven turbulent mixing of fluids of slightly different densities [At = Δρ/(2〈ρ〉) = 1.15×10−2] in a long circular tube tilted at an angle θ = 15° from the vertical is studied at the local scale, both experimentally from particle image velocimetry and laser induced fluorescence measurements in the vertical diametrical plane and numerically throughout the tube using direct numerical simulation. In a given cross section of the tube, the axial mean velocity and the mean concentration both vary linearly with the crosswise distance z from the tube axis in the central 70% of the diameter. A small crosswise velocity component is detected in the measurement plane and is found to result from a four-cell mean secondary flow associated with a nonzero streamwise component of the vorticity. In the central region of the tube cross section, the intensities of the three turbulent velocity fluctuations are found to be strongly different, that of the streamwise fluctuation being more than twice larger than that of the spanwise fluctuation which itself is about 50% larger than that of the crosswise fluctuation. This marked anisotropy indicates that the turbulent structure is close to that observed in homogeneous turbulent shear flows. Still in the central region, the turbulent shear stress dominates over the viscous stress and reaches a maximum on the tube axis. Its crosswise variation is approximately accounted for by a mixing length whose value is about one-tenth of the tube diameter. The momentum exchange in the core of the cross section takes place between its lower and higher density parts and there is no net momentum exchange between the core and the near-wall regions. A sizable part of this transfer is due both to the mean secondary flow and to the spanwise turbulent shear stress. Near-wall regions located beyond the location of the extrema of the axial velocity (|z|≳0.36 d) are dominated by viscous stresses which transfer momentum toward (from) the wall near the top (bottom) of the tube

Quantum chemical investigation on the reaction mechanism of tertiary phosphines with unsaturated carboxylic acids: An insight into kinetic data

The structures of intermediates and transition states in the reaction of tertiary phosphines with unsaturated carboxylic acids have been calculated at the B3LYP level of theory using the 6-31+G(d,p) basis set. Analysis of the results shows that [1,3]-intramolecular migration of carboxylic proton to carbanionic center of generated zwitterionic intermediate is strongly kinetically unfavorable, and external proton-donor source is essential to complete quaternization. A molecular cluster of the intermediate with one molecule of water has been modeled for intermolecular reaction pathway, but even in this case, the proton transfer remains to be the rate-determining step that is in a good agreement with previous kinetic investigations on this reaction. The data obtained for this reaction have much in common with recent studies on the mechanisms of the Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction and phosphine-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition, which revealed paramount importance of proton-transfer steps. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

«Конвергенция статистических дисциплин в образовательных программах финансово-экономического профиля»: обзор выступлений участников круглого стола

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Organization of Research Activities as a Factor in Increasing the Efficiency of Training International Students in Host Russian Universities

This article summarizes the practices of organizing research activities that can improve the training of international students in Russian universities. The authors analyzed and identified the correlation between the internal costs of research and development (R&D), the equipment in university research laboratories, and the number of foreigners studying at Russian universities. The authors used the methods of analysis and synthesis and a systematic approach to explore the experience of Russian universities in the training of international students. To identify the impact of internal R&D costs and the equipment of university research laboratories on the number of foreigners studying in Russian universities, the authors applied correlation and regression analysis, which included building a regression equation, calculating the correlation coefficient, the t-test, the coefficient of elasticity, and the coefficient of determination. This research paper revealed a strong correlation between the number of international students in the Russian Federation on the internal R&D costs and the cost of fixed assets and the equipment of Russian universities, which was proven by the calculated correlation coefficients, elasticity coefficients, and determination coefficients. The authors concluded that universities could influence the number of international students. This article proposes some methods for organizing the research activities of international students that increase their academic mobility and form the most relevant scientific and professional competencies. Higher educational institutions of any major can implement these recommendations for managing the research activities of international students. The novelty of this study lies in the fact that the authors performed the correlation and regression analysis and revealed the dependence of the number of international students in the Russian Federation on internal R&D costs, the cost of fixed assets, and the equipment of Russian universities. The authors illustrated the analysis results with the trend predictive values of factorial features and the value of the effective feature estimated according to the regression equations built. Using the calculated MAPE and Forecast Accuracy indicators for these predicted values, the authors concluded that the level of factorial features and the effective feature were predicted with high accuracy. Thus, host Russian universities can increase the number of international students through effective organization of research activities

Статистический мониторинг земельного фонда и налогооблагаемой базы (на примере Московской области)

The authors of this article substantiate the role and value of paid land use in generation of revenue of local and regional budgets of the Moscow region. Based on the conducted analysis and research of condition of land fund and ongoing processes of the Moscow region tax base, a conclusion is made on the necessity of developing system and methodology for the land fund and its cadastral value monitoring. The paper reviews key indicators describing the intensity of processes taking place in land fund. Statistical models of cadastral land value are proposed. These models have become the stepping stone of the method for monitoring the land fund and tax base conditions.Аргументируется роль и значение платного землепользования в формировании доходной части местных и территориальных бюджетов Московской области. На основе проведенного анализа и исследований по оценке состояния земельного фонда и процессов, происходящих в налогооблагаемой базе Московской области, сделан вывод о необходимости разработки системы и методики мониторинга земельного фонда и кадастровой стоимости земель. Рассматриваются показатели, характеризующие интенсивность процессов, проходящих в земельном фонде. Предлагаются статистические модели кадастровой стоимости земель. На основе этих моделей разработана методика мониторинга состояния земельного фонда и налогооблагаемой базы

Effect of anchimeric assistance in the reaction of triphenylphosphine with α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids

Quaternization of triphenylphosphine with maleic and cis-aconitic acids is strongly accelerated by participation of the cis-carboxyl group in stabilization of the phosphonium zwitterion intermediate by intramolecular hydrogen bonding, in spite of steric hindrance by the acid's reaction center. A similar effect for trans-isomeric acids is not observed, which can be rationalized on the basis of spatial structures of the generated zwitterions, implying an electrostatic interaction between the phosphonium center and carbonyl oxygen atom. The effect of anchimeric assistance decreases when the intramolecular hydrogen bonding disfavors attack of the phosphine on the sterically less hindered carbon atom of the C=C bond, as observed for cis-aconitic acid. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

НЕФОРМАЛЬНАЯ ЗАНЯТОСТЬ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ РОССИИ: ОЦЕНКА МАСШТАБА И ВЛИЯНИЯ НА ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ ФИНАНСЫ СТРАНЫ

Topic. The research object of the article is informal employment of the population of the Russian Federation. The authors assessed the magnitude of this phenomenon in the period from 2005 to 2015. We analyse the age structure, educational level, status of the population involved in informal activities, regional characteristics of the spread of this phenomenon, and made grouping of Russian regions by share of employed in the informal sector. At the end we make the final selection of the demographic, economic, social and financial factors influencing the proportion of the population engaged in informal activities.Purpose. The purpose of the study is to establish dependence between the selected indicators and the level of informal employment, as well as assessment of the impact of informal employment on the socio-economic development of the country and the state of public finances.Methodology. The study is based on statistical methods: data grouping, analysis of indexes’ dynamics, one-factor analysis of variance. Evaluation of the relationship between variables was carried out based on the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The association was considered significant at p<0.05. Calculations were made using the Attestat add-in for Microsoft Excel 2010 and statistical software package STATISTICA 10.Results. The authors identified a direct correlation between the share of informal employment and a level of unemployment, and reverse relation between the average money incomes of population per capita and GRP, the amount of investments per capita, level of development of small business, and income taxes per capita. Informal employment negatively affects the collection of taxes, fees and other payments. Regional budgets annually lose substantial amounts of revenues. In 2015, in the regions with a low share of informal employment (10%) revenues count for 214,298 rubles taxes, fees and charges per capita, and with a high share of informal employment (over 50%) it is almost 25 times less — only 8703 rubles.Conclusions. The results of the study allow us to conclude that today reducing informal employment of Russia’s population and the legalization of employment is the most relevant issues in the field of social and labour relations. Situation when a significant part of workers do not pay taxes and mandatory payments, but use social benefits, requires the solution. Given the results obtained, to solve the question of informal employment of Russia’s population it is necessary to take measures to reduce unemployment, improve living standards and development of small business in regions where the incidence of that phenomenon is high.Предмет. Объект исследования статьи — неформальная занятость населения Российской Федерации и ее влияние на государственные финансы страны. Авторами дана оценка масштабов этого явления за период с 2005 по 2015 г. Проведен анализ возрастной структуры, образовательного уровня, статуса населения, вовлеченного в неформальную деятельность. Исследованы региональные особенности распространения этого явления и  осуществлена группировка регионов России по доле занятых в  неформальном секторе. Проведен отбор демографических, экономических, социальных и финансовых факторов, оказывающих влияние на долю населения, занятого неформальной деятельностью.Цель. Установление зависимости между отобранными показателями и  уровнем неформальной занятости, а также оценка влияния неформальной занятости на социально-экономическое развитие страны и состояние государственных финансов.Методология. Исследование базируется на статистических, эконометрических методах: группировки данных, анализа рядов динамики, дисперсионного анализа. Оценка связи между признаками осуществлялась на основе непараметрических методов. Расчеты производились с использованием надстройки Attestat программы Microsoft Excel 2010, пакета статистических программ STATISTICA 10.Результаты. Авторами выявлена прямая зависимость между долей неформально занятых и уровнем безработицы и обратная связь с величиной среднедушевых денежных доходов населения, ВРП, величиной инвестиций на душу населения, уровнем развития малого предпринимательства, объемом поступлений налогов и сборов в бюджет на душу населения. Неформальная занятость крайне негативно отражается на собираемости налогов, сборов и иных платежей. Региональные бюджеты ежегодно недополучают значительные суммы. В 2015 г. в регионах с низкой долей неформальной занятости (до 10%) с каждого жителя поступило 214298 руб. налогов, сборов и платежей, а с высокой долей неформальной занятости (свыше 50%) — почти в 25 раз меньше, всего 8703 руб.Выводы. Результаты проведенного исследования позволяют сделать вывод, что на сегодняшний день наиболее актуальными в сфере социально-трудовых отношений становятся вопросы сокращения масштабов неформальной занятости населения России и легализация занятости. Ситуация, когда значительная часть трудящихся не оплачивает налоги и обязательные платежи, но пользуется социальными благами, требует решения этой проблемы. Для этого необходимо принять меры по сокращению безработицы в регионах, где ее масштабы велики, по повышению уровня жизни населения и развитию малого предпринимательства

Kinetics and mechanism of triphenylphosphine quarternization with unsaturated carboxylic acids in the medium of acetic acid

Kinetics of reaction of triphenylphosphine with a series of unsaturated carboxylic acids and related esters in the medium of acetic acid as well as in mixtures of acetic acid and acetonitrile was studied by spectrophotometry. The data obtained show that the process of quarternization should be described by kinetic equation of third order, the proton transfer occurs from the solvent. A stepwise mechanism of interaction including formation of prereaction complex on the reaction pathway is proposed. © 2009 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Kinetics and mechanism of quaternization of tertiary phosphines with unsaturated carboxylic acids. Kinetic studies of the reactions in aprotic solvents

Data obtained while studying the kinetics of quaternization of tertiary phosphines with the unsaturated carboxylic acids in the series of aprotic solvents indicate the participation of a second molecule of acid playing the part of the external proton donor in this process. Quantitative analysis of the effect of solvent within the frames of the Koppel-Palm equation showed that the main contribution in the reaction rate belongs to the nucleophilicity of medium while the effects of polarity and electrophilicity are smaller. The results obtained suggest the step-by-step mechanism of interaction including the formation of the zwitterionic intermediate on the reaction pathway common for the solvents with different proton activity. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2011