Relaxation of Collective Excitations in LJ-13 Cluster

We have performed classical molecular dynamics simulation of $Ar_{13}$ cluster to study the behavior of collective excitations. In the solid ``phase'' of the cluster, the collective oscillation of the monopole mode can be well fitted to a damped harmonic oscillator. The parameters of the equivalent damped harmonic oscillator-- the damping coefficient, spring constant, time period of oscillation and the mass of the oscillator -- all show a sharp change in behavior at a kinetic temperature of about $7.0^oK$. This marks yet another characteristic temperature of the system, a temperature $T_s$ below which collective excitations are very stable, and at higher temperatures the single particle excitations cause the damping of the collective oscillations. We argue that so long as the cluster remains confined within the global potential energy minimum the collective excitations do not decay; and once the cluster comes out of this well, the local potential energy minima pockets act as single particle excitation channels in destroying the collective motion. The effect is manifest in almost all the physical observables of the cluster.Comment: Revised and enlarged. 6 pages RevTeX style. 7 eps figures available on request. To appear in J Chem Phy

Estimating the compression fraction of an index using sampling

Data compression techniques such as null suppression and dictionary compression are commonly used in today’s database systems. In order to effectively leverage compression, it is necessary to have the ability to efficiently and accurately estimate the size of an index if it were to be compressed. Such an analysis is critical if automated physical design tools are to be extended to handle compression. Several database systems today provide estimators for this problem based on random sampling. While this approach is efficient, there is no previous work that analyses its accuracy. In this paper, we analyse the problem of estimating the compressed size of an index from the point of view of worst-case guarantees. We show that the simple estimator implemented by several database systems has several “good” cases even though the estimator itself is agnostic to the internals of the specific compression algorithm. efficiently. The naïve method of actually building and compressing the index in order to estimate its size, while highly accurate is prohibitively inefficient. Thus, we need to be able to accurately estimate the compressed size of an index without incurring the cost of actually compressing it. This problem is challenging because the size of the compressed index can depend significantly on the data distribution as well as the compression technique used. This is in contrast with the estimation of the size of an uncompressed index in physical database design tools which can be derived in a straightforward manner from the schema (which defines the size of the corresponding column) and the number of rows in the table

ANTI ARTHRITIC ACTIVITY OF HERBO MINERAL SIDDHA PREPARATION ARUMUGA CHENDURAM AGAINST TYPE II COLLAGEN INDUCED ARTHRITIS IN EXPERIMENTAL RATS

Siddha system of medicine is the eternal science of life. It is a system that has its extensive bonding with Dravidian culture, language and beliefs. The system of medicine mostly prevailed and prospered in the regions of Dravidian cultures by the great Siddhars. It’s unique as one only than other AYUSH traditional systems of medicine across India with its distinctive abundant usage of medicinal plants, metals, minerals and animal products. Siddhars used the steps of Alchemy to prepare various medicines from metallic and mineral origin for attainment elixir and various rare diseases. Siddha medicine is classified into 32 types of internal and external medicine each. Among the 32 types of internal medicine Chendhuram is a medicine shelf life of 75 years usually from herbo-mineral combinations. Arumuga Chendhuram (ARC) is a herbo-mineral formulation cited in Siddha literature ‘Siddha Vaithiya Thirattu’. ARC was orally administered at higher dose 2gm/kg to the Wistar Albino rats in acute toxicity study and during 28 days of repeated (sub acute) toxicity study, at daily doses of 12, 24 & 48mg/kg of body weight to the Wistar Albino rats. Type II collagen arthritis is another model for developing autoimmune arthritis. The immune pathogenesis mediated by T cell and B cell response to collagen. By this model, nearly 100% arthritis can be achieved. In our study, ARC after 42 days treatment reduced the arthritic swelling significantly and degree of inflammation evident to act against auto immune disorder

Nucleon transport processes in fission and heavy ion reactions

The nucleon exchange process between two nuclei in close proximity and its application to an explanation of fragment mass and charge distributions in fission and in heavy ion deep inelastic collisions are reviewed. An analysis of the measured correlations between the energy loss from relative motion and the fragment mass and charge variances in the heavy ion deep inelastic collisions is presented. The recent data on fragment mass and charge variances as a function of the fragment kinetic energy in thermal neutron induced fission of 235U, lends added support to the hypothesis that the nucleon transport process plays a similar role both in fission and in heavy ion deep inelastic collisions

Analysis of fission excitation functions and the determination of shell effects at the saddle point

A method is proposed to deduce the shell correction energy corresponding to the fission transition state shape of nuclei in the mass region around 200, from an analysis of the first chance fission values of the ratio of fission to neutron widths, (Γf /Γn )1. The method is applied to the typical case of the fissioning nucleus 212Po, formed by alpha bombardment of 208Pb. For the calculation of the neutron width, the level densities of the daughter nucleus after neutron emission were obtained from a numerical calculation starting from shell model single particle energy level scheme. It is shown that with the use of standard Fermi gas expression for the level densities of the fission transition state nucleus in the calculation of the fission width, an apparent energy dependence of the fission barrier height is required to fit the experimental data. This energy dependence, which arises from the excitation energy dependence of shell effects on level densities, can be used to deduce the shell correction energy at the fission transition state point. It is found that in the case of 212Po, the energy of the actual transition state point is higher than the energy of the liquid drop model (LDM) saddle point by (3 ± 1) MeV, implying significant positive shell correction energy at the fission transition state. Further, the liquid drop model value of level density parametera is found to be a few per cent smaller for the saddle point shape as compared to its spherical shape

A REVIEW ON HYPO HIDROTIC EFFECT OF SIDDHA FORMULATION - KUNGUMAPOO MATHIRAI

Hyperhidrosis is a condition present with excess sweating of palms on the hands, soles of the feet, forehead and axillae. This is socially embarrassing. There are few herbs to treat hyperhidrosis in Siddha system of medicine. The drug Kungumapoo Mathirai is being used in Siddha system of medicine for many years to treat hyperhidrosis. The ingredients used in the preparation of Kungumapoo Mathirai are Crocus sativus, Zingiberofficinale, Piper nigrum, Piper cubeba, Costus speciosus, Carum capticum, Piper longum, Syzygium aromaticu, Elettaria cardomom, Korosanai (Oxbile), Vengaram (Sodium biborate), Lingam (Red sulphide of mercury), Sambrani poo (Dry powder of Styrax benzoin). This article reviews the hypo hydration effect of the drug Kungumapoo Mathirai and its ingredients. This review will help to get much information on hypohydrosis effect of the chemical constituents of the drug. The antioxidant properties of the ingredients which is acting as hypo hydrating agent and their mechanism in controlling the nervous excitement by reducing the action potential in detail. The use of herbal drugs is becoming more popular due to the adverse effects of synthetic Anticholenergics and Antispasmodic drugs which are used to treat hyperhidrosis worldwide. Excellence of Siddha, formulated each and every medicines on the basis of Thiridhosa theory and five elemental theory, which are the basic principles of Siddha medicine. The basic theory of Siddha formulation Kungumapoo Mathirai is also explained here

EFFICACY OF CHUNDAI VATRAL CHOORNAM A SIDDHA POLY HERBAL FORMULATION IN TREATING TENSION TYPE OF HEADACHE (TTH) -A CASE REPORT

Siddha system is an ancient system of medicine which is popularly practised around south India particularly in Tamilnadu. Siddhars were considered as the pioneer of Siddha system, this system of medicine mainly encompasses for a healthy life for human beings. Among the broad spectrum of treatment aspects in Siddha system Siddhars classify the forms of internal medicines into 32 types which are all unique by its preparations. Choornam is one of the forms of internal medicine which can be used as single as well as poly herbal formulations. In this case report a poly-herbal formulation in Siddha system was used to treat tension type of headache (TTH). A 30 years old male patient visited out-patient department of Ayothidoss Pandither Hospital in National Institute of Siddha, Chennai. Patient reported with the complaints of episodic and chronic headache which is band like around the head, the intensity becomes mild to moderate, pain increased during working hours for past 2 years. Patient advised to follow the internal medicine Chundai vatral choornam it relives the TTH immediately when he got those symptoms.       &nbsp

A note on the occurrence of post larvae of Penaeus penicillatus Alcock near Bombay

A collection of postlarvae belonging to the genus Penaeus that are closely resembling Penaeus indicus on one hand and P. merguiensis on the other in most of the characters, but differing from them in certain other, obtained from near Bombay are assigned to P. penicillatus, a closely allied species, on the strength of the distinctive characters and as the adults of this species occur considerably throughout the year in the area of collection