LED lamps in shipboard lighting systems: Aspects of electromagnetic compatibility

Trends in the development of different types of light sources and their energy characteristics have been described in the paper. Analysis of regulatory documents has been given. The results of experimental studies of a number of modern LED lamps have been described. Investigation has been made for a number of LED lamps produced by Philips, Xavax and Melitec. The experimental data have been obtained with the complex of devices: the dual-channel oscilloscope (GDS-71042), the power quality analyzer (Fluke-434) and the multi-function device EcoLight-01 (light-, pulse- and luminance meter). It has been shown that operation of LED lamps is characterized by emission of higher current harmonics and reactive power consumption, which depends on the type and design of the lamp driver. It has been found that the value of luminance created by LED lamps in case of acceptable (for ships) prolonged deviation of voltage (–10 %) is reduced by 3 %; in case of permissible short-term voltage deviation (–20 %) luminance is reduced by 7 %. For incandescent lamps this indicator is characterized by a decrease in luminance by 40 % and 60 %, respectively. Despite the low sensitivity to voltage changes (in comparison with other types of lamps), the operation of LED lamps is also associated with the appearance of flicker. Absence of limitations for fluctuations of the light flux in shipboard lighting systems and imperfection of methods for determining the flicker make it difficult to ensure electromagnetic compatibility of LED lamps. Therefore due to reliability, environmental friendliness, energy efficiency and lumen maintenance LED lamps have prospects for introduction into shipboard lighting systems. However, to ensure electromagnetic compatibility of LED lighting systems it is necessary to conduct a detailed study of energy characteristics of LED lamps and to develop appropriate regulatory requirements and technical solutions

Мікробіологічна характеристика операційної рани дитячого хірургічного стаціонару

The article presents the results of surgical field examinations in patients of the surgical unit between 1997 to 2016 years. In the first place among the selected pathogens for 19 years is S. aureus, in the second place – Escherichia coli, and in the third – S. pyogenes. The sensitivity analysis of the main pathogens showed that the microflora over the years changes its resistance, which should be taken into account when developing treatment modality. The sensitivity of the isolated pathogens to such antibiotics as gentamicin, cephalosporins I-III generations, carbopenems, fluoroquinolones and is now kept at the high level, which suggests the feasibility of their use, both in empirical therapy, before the results of bacteriological studies, and for the purpose of antibiotic prophylaxis.В статье отражены результаты обследований операционного поля у пациентов хирургического стационара за период 1997–2016 гг. На первом месте среди выделенных возбудителей в течение 19 лет находится S. aureus, на втором – Escherichia coli, на третьем – S. pyogenes. Анализ чувствительности основных возбудителей показал, что микрофлора с годами изменяет свою резистентность, что следует учитывать при разработке схем лечения. Чувствительность выделенных возбудителей к таким антибиотикам, как гентамицин, цефалоспорины I–III поколений, карбопенемы, фторхинолоны, и сейчас сохраняется на высоком уровне, что позволяет говорить о целесообразности их использования как при эмпирической терапии до получения результатов бактериологических исследований, так и с целью антибиотикопрофилактики.У статті відображені результати обстежень операційного поля у пацієнтів хірургічного стаціонару за період 1997–2016 рр. На першому місці серед виділених збудників впродовж 19 років знаходиться S. aureus, на другому – Escherichia coli, на третьому – S. pyogenes. Аналіз чутливості основних збудників показав, що мікрофлора з роками змінює свою резистентність, що слід враховувати при розробці схем лікування. Чутливість виділених збудників до таких антибіотиків, як гентаміцин, цефалоспорини I–III поколінь, карбопенеми, фторхінолони і зараз зберігається на високому рівні, що дозволяє говорити про доцільність їх використання як при емпіричній терапії до отримання результатів бактеріологічних досліджень, так і з метою антибіотикопрофілактики

Effects of Methyl-Substituted Phenanthrolines on the Performance of Ruthenium(II) Dye-Sensitizers

International audienceTris-heteroleptic ruthenium(II) cis-[Ru(Me4-phen)(dcbH2)(NCS)2], where Me4-phen = 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, dcbH2 = 4,4'-dicarboxylic acid 2,2'-bipyridine, was synthesized, purified and characterized. Its characteristics were compared with those determined for cis-[Ru(Me2-phen)(dcbH2)(NCS)2] and cis-[Ru(phen)(dcbH2)(NCS)2] aiming to evaluate the effect of the number of methyl groups on the properties of the compounds. Changes in the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra indicated a modification in the electronic distribution of the complex because of the presence of methyl groups at the 3 and 8 positions of 1,10-phenanthroline. These changes also modified the excited state properties and resulted in a blue shift of the absorption and emission spectra. The complex was incorporated onto TiO2 to prepare dye-sensitized solar cells, achieving up to JSC = 11.9 mA cm–2, VOC = 0.627 V, ff = 0.67 and η = 5.0%

Characterization of novel RHD alleles: relationship between phenotype, genotype, and trimeric architecture.

International audienceAbstract BACKGROUND: RH1 is one of the most clinically important blood group antigens in the field of transfusion and prevention of fetomaternal incompatibilities. New variant RHD alleles are regularly identified and their characterization is essential to ensuring patient safety. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Blood samples with uncertain RhD phenotypes not resolved by our first-line SNaPshot assay were sequenced for all 10 RHD exons. RHD zygosity was investigated. Flow cytometry was performed to determine RhD antigen density and epitope pattern. RESULTS: Seven novel RHD alleles were identified. Six, that is, RHD(T55P), RHD(A85G), RHD(G132R), RHD(G132E), RHD(D403V), and DAR(T203A), resulted from nucleotide polymorphisms. The seventh, that is, RHD(S182WfsX46), resulted from a 4-bp deletion that led to a reading frame shift and the appearance of a premature stop codon. Study of RhD expression of the first five alleles at hemizygous state showed greatly reduced antigen densities ranging from 50 to 618 antigens per red blood cell (RBC). DAR(T203A) was classified as a partial D antigen with a weakened reactivity profile similar to that of DAR. As expected, no D antigen was detected on RBCs carrying the RHD(S182WfsX46) allele. In parallel, RhD expression of RHD(G336R)/weak D type 58, RHD(F410V), and suspected RHD(1-9)-CE was determined to be less than or equal to 50 antigens per RBC. RhAG/RhD(2) trimer model supports the observed phenotypes. CONCLUSION: Although the frequency of the new RHD alleles presented herein is low, their phenotypic and genotypic description adds to the repertoire of reported RHD alleles. These data can be useful for optimization of molecular screening tools