Real and Virtual Nucleon Compton Scattering in the Perturbative Limit

We present the results of calculations analyzing nucleon Compton scattering to lowest order using perturbative QCD (pQCD) methods. Two scenarios are considered: (1) the incoming photon is real; and (2) the incoming photon is virtual. The case of a real photon has been previously analyzed at least 5 times using pQCD, but no two results are in agreement. Here it is shown that our result agrees with that of Brooks and Dixon published in 2000. The case of a virtual photon has been previously analyzed only once using pQCD. However, doubt has been cast on the validity of that result. The results presented here for virtual photon are believed to be more reliable. Some consideration is given of how to compare these results with experiment. Following the lead of Brooks and Dixon, for the proton, this involves normalizing the cross section using the Dirac proton form factor, which we also calculate. Finally, there is a comparison of our results with recent experiments.Comment: 36 pages, 11 figure

A machine learning study to identify spinodal clumping in high energy nuclear collisions

The coordinate and momentum space configurations of the net baryon number in heavy ion collisions that undergo spinodal decomposition, due to a first-order phase transition, are investigated using state-of-the-art machine-learning methods. Coordinate space clumping, which appears in the spinodal decomposition, leaves strong characteristic imprints on the spatial net density distribution in nearly every event which can be detected by modern machine learning techniques. On the other hand, the corresponding features in the momentum distributions cannot clearly be detected, by the same machine learning methods, in individual events. Only a small subset of events can be systematically differ- entiated if only the momentum space information is available. This is due to the strong similarity of the two event classes, with and without spinodal decomposition. In such sce- narios, conventional event-averaged observables like the baryon number cumulants signal a spinodal non-equilibrium phase transition. Indeed the third-order cumulant, the skewness, does exhibit a peak at the beam energy (Elab = 3–4 A GeV), where the transient hot and dense system created in the heavy ion collision reaches the first-order phase transition

The NN phase shifts in the extended quark-delocalization, color-screening model

An alternative method is applied to the study of nucleon-nucleon(NN) scattering phase shifts in the framework of extended quark delocalization, color-screening model(QDCSM), where the one-pion-exchange(OPE) with short-range cutoff is included.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, two-colum

AdS and Lifshitz Black Holes in Conformal and Einstein-Weyl Gravities

We study black hole solutions in extended gravities with higher-order curvature terms, including conformal and Einstein-Weyl gravities. In addition to the usual AdS vacuum, the theories admit Lifshitz and Schr\"odinger vacua. The AdS black hole in conformal gravity contains an additional parameter over and above the mass, which may be interpreted as a massive spin-2 hair. By considering the first law of thermodynamics, we find that it is necessary to introduce an associated additional intensive/extensive pair of thermodynamic quantities. We also obtain new Liftshitz black holes in conformal gravity and study their thermodynamics. We use a numerical approach to demonstrate that AdS black holes beyond the Schwarzschild-AdS solution exist in Einstein-Weyl gravity. We also demonstrate the existence of asymptotically Lifshitz black holes in Einstein-Weyl gravity. The Lifshitz black holes arise at the boundary of the parameter ranges for the AdS black holes. Outside the range, the solutions develop naked singularities. The asymptotically AdS and Lifshitz black holes provide an interesting phase transition, in the corresponding boundary field theory, from a relativistic Lorentzian system to a non-relativistic Lifshitz system.Comment: typos corrected, references adde

The promising practice of cultural brokering support with culturally diverse families of children with developmental disabilities: Perspectives from families

Background and Purpose: The Parent to Parent model of support has been found to be effective with supporting families of children with DD in navigating complex systems, gaining emotional support, building positive resilience, sharing ideas and learning problem solving skills. Parent to Parent ties can be particularly strong when cultural capital is involved. This study presents a cultural brokering initiative embedded in the evidence-informed Parent to Parent support model that could be a promising practice to support culturally diverse families of children with DD. Methods: This study used a mixed methods approach to examine the practice and outcomes of a cultural brokering initiative in a statewide Parent to Parent support program in a University Center of Excellence in Developmental Disabilities that serves culturally diverse families of children with DD. Both surveys and interviews were used to learn about these families\u27 experiences with cultural brokering services and their perspectives on the effectiveness of these services in meeting their families\u27 needs. Results: The findings of this study show that cultural brokers primarily serve in the roles of listeners, interpreters, educators, liaisons and mediators when supporting culturally diverse families of children with DD, and that parents overall had a high rating of the cultural brokering service and were very satisfied with the support they received. Implications: A cultural brokering initiative embedded in the Parent to Parent support model is a promising practice that could better support culturally diverse families of children with DD and improve the service outcomes to these families. However, service providers who want to start a cultural brokering initiative should work closely with families to decide the roles of a cultural broker, how they will offer support, and who should be a cultural broker to represent and support a particular community

Уголовная ответственность за действия искусственного интеллекта: подходы в России и Китае

In the Era of Artificial intelligence (AI) it is necessary not only to define precisely in the national legislation the extent of protection of personal information and limits of its rational use by other people, to improve data algorithms and to create ethics committee to control risks, but also to establish precise liability (including criminal liability) for violations, related to AI agents. According to existed criminal law of Russia and criminal law of the People’s Republic of China AI crimes can be divided into three types: crimes, which can be regulated with existed criminal laws; crimes, which are regulated inadequately with existed criminal laws; crimes, which cannot be regulated with existed criminal laws. Solution of the problem of criminal liability for AI crimes should depend on capacity of the AI agent to influence on ability of a human to understand public danger of committing action and to guide his activity or omission. If a machine integrates with an individual, but it doesn’t influence on his ability to recognize or to make decisions. In this case an individual is liable to be prosecuted. If a machine influences partially on human ability to recognize or to make decisions. In this case engineers, designers and units of combination should be prosecuted according to principle of relatively strict liability. In case, when AI machine integrates with an individual and controls his abiity to recognize or to make decisions, an individual should be released from criminal prosecutio

Design intelligence of web application for internet direct consumer-to-consumer trading

An online web application called Student-Trade has been developed. It is a state-of-the-art platform for direct consumer-to-consumer trading in the Internet. The platform is targeted for direct consumer-to-consumer trading among university students. The items for trading include books, household items, electronics, housing rental, sports equipment and tutoring services. This paper is on the design intelligence of the Student-Trade web application. One objective is to help the user to decide on the selling price of his item when the item is being posted in the web application. The system integrates a hybrid neighborhood search algorithm for determining the price of sale item when it is placed for trading in the Internet. Data mining techniques are explored for efficient processing of a vast amount of information in the database tables. In addition, the trading system would also have the intelligence of recommending items or products to a potential buyer given the previous purchase patterns. The aim is to provide a pleasant trading experience for the user. © 2015 IEEE.published_or_final_versio