A compact representation of the 2 photon 3 gluon amplitude

A compact representation of the loop amplitude gamma gamma ggg -> 0 is presented. The result has been obtained by using helicity methods and sorting with respect to an irreducible function basis. We show how to convert spinor representations into a field strength representation of the amplitude. The amplitude defines a background contribution for Higgs boson searches at the LHC in the channel H -> gamma gamma + jet which was earlier extracted indirectly from the one-loop representation of the 5-gluon amplitude.Comment: 15 pages Latex, 6 eps files included, revised versio

Hydrodynamic instabilities in gaseous detonations: comparison of Euler, Navier–Stokes, and large-eddy simulation

A large-eddy simulation is conducted to investigate the transient structure of an unstable detonation wave in two dimensions and the evolution of intrinsic hydrodynamic instabilities. The dependency of the detonation structure on the grid resolution is investigated, and the structures obtained by large-eddy simulation are compared with the predictions from solving the Euler and Navier–Stokes equations directly. The results indicate that to predict irregular detonation structures in agreement with experimental observations the vorticity generation and dissipation in small scale structures should be taken into account. Thus, large-eddy simulation with high grid resolution is required. In a low grid resolution scenario, in which numerical diffusion dominates, the structures obtained by solving the Euler or Navier–Stokes equations and large-eddy simulation are qualitatively similar. When high grid resolution is employed, the detonation structures obtained by solving the Euler or Navier–Stokes equations directly are roughly similar yet equally in disagreement with the experimental results. For high grid resolution, only the large-eddy simulation predicts detonation substructures correctly, a fact that is attributed to the increased dissipation provided by the subgrid scale model. Specific to the investigated configuration, major differences are observed in the occurrence of unreacted gas pockets in the high-resolution Euler and Navier–Stokes computations, which appear to be fully combusted when large-eddy simulation is employed

Light propagation through closed-loop atomic media beyond the multiphoton resonance condition

The light propagation of a probe field pulse in a four-level double-lambda type system driven by laser fields that form a closed interaction loop is studied. Due to the finite frequency width of the probe pulse, a time-independent analysis relying on the multiphoton resonance assumption is insufficient. Thus we apply a Floquet decomposition of the equations of motion to solve the time-dependent problem beyond the multiphoton resonance condition. We find that the various Floquet components can be interpreted in terms of different scattering processes, and that the medium response oscillating in phase with the probe field in general is not phase-dependent. The phase dependence arises from a scattering of the coupling fields into the probe field mode at a frequency which in general differs from the probe field frequency. We thus conclude that in particular for short pulses with a large frequency width, inducing a closed loop interaction contour may not be advantageous, since otherwise the phase-dependent medium response may lead to a distortion of the pulse shape. Finally, using our time-dependent analysis, we demonstrate that both the closed-loop and the non-closed loop configuration allow for sub- and superluminal light propagation with small absorption or even gain. Further, we identify one of the coupling field Rabi frequencies as a control parameter that allows to conveniently switch between sub- and superluminal light propagation.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure

Data Driven Control of Vagus Nerve Stimulation for the Cardiovascular System: An in Silico Computational Study

Vagus nerve stimulation is an emerging therapy that seeks to offset pathological conditions by electrically stimulating the vagus nerve through cuff electrodes, where an electrical pulse is defined by several parameters such as pulse amplitude, pulse width, and pulse frequency. Currently, vagus nerve stimulation is under investigation for the treatment of heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia and hypertension. Through several clinical trials that sought to assess vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of heart failure, stimulation parameters were determined heuristically and the results were inconclusive, which has led to the suggestion of using a closed-loop approach to optimize the stimulation parameters. A recent investigation has demonstrated highly specific control of cardiovascular physiology by selectively activating different fibers in the vagus nerve. When multiple locations and multiple stimulation parameters are considered for optimization, the design of closed-loop control becomes considerably more challenging. To address this challenge, we investigated a data-driven control scheme for both modeling and controlling the rat cardiovascular system. Using an existing in silico physiological model of a rat heart to generate synthetic input-output data, we trained a long short-term memory network (LSTM) to map the effect of stimulation on the heart rate and blood pressure. The trained LSTM was utilized in a model predictive control framework to optimize the vagus nerve stimulation parameters for set point tracking of the heart rate and the blood pressure in closed-loop simulations. Additionally, we altered the underlying in silico physiological model to consider intra-patient variability, and diseased dynamics from increased sympathetic tone in designing closed-loop VNS strategies. Throughout the different simulation scenarios, we leveraged the design of the controller to demonstrate alternative clinical objectives. Our results show that the controller can optimize stimulation parameters to achieve set-point tracking with nominal offset while remaining computationally efficient. Furthermore, we show a controller formulation that compensates for mismatch due to intra-patient variabilty, and diseased dynamics. This study demonstrates the first application and a proof-of-concept for using a purely data-driven approach for the optimization of vagus nerve stimulation parameters in closed-loop control of the cardiovascular system

Molecular and crystalline architectures based on HgI : from metallamacrocycles to coordination polymers

We report the synthesis and X-ray characterization of three metallamacrocycles and one coordination polymer obtained by using coordination driven self-assembly of the HgI2 salt with four different ligands

A comparison between the novel absorption refrigeration cycle and the conventional ammonia-water absorption refrigeration cycle

Paper presented to the 10th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Florida, 14-16 July 2014.One of the recently proposed systems that are capable of reaching to the low temperature of -40 ºC is the novel absorption refrigeration cycle with expander and compressor that works as a co-generation or cooling/power system. This cycle provides better COP than other co-generation low temperature cycles when the refrigerating temperature is low enough. By increasing the evaporation temperature to more than 253 ºC the conventional refrigeration cycle shows better COP and exergetic efficiency in comparison to the novel absorption refrigeration cycle. The purpose of the current study was to analyze the novel absorption refrigeration cycle from the viewpoint of exergy or second law in order to evaluate whether the cycle is practically efficient or not. The exergy destruction rate and the exergetic efficiency for each component were calculated and presented in the corresponding graphs to recognize the components with lower efficiency or higher exergy destruction rate. The influences of an expander in COP and exergetic efficiency were identified by ignoring the expander and super heater from the configuration of the novel absorption refrigeration cycle. Furthermore, energy and exergy balances of a conventional ammonia-water absorption refrigeration cycle were formulated to assess the performance of the system in low and high evaporation temperatures. Our results showed that the novel absorption refrigeration cycle obtains a COP of 0.1109 and exergetic efficiency of 0.1156 when the generation temperature is 360 K and evaporation temperature is 233 K. At the same situation, this cycle without using an expander obtains a COP of 0.0525. In addition, the lowest temperature that can be provided by a conventional refrigeration cycle is 252 K but with a much higher COP. Our results approved that it is possible to choose an absorption refrigeration cycle for a special application without wasting time and consuming extra exergy.cf201

Flavour physics constraints in the BMSSM

We study the implications of the presence of the two leading-order, non-renormalizable operators in the Higgs sector of the MSSM to flavour physics observables. We identify the constraints of flavour physics on the parameters of the BMSSM when we: a) focus on a region of parameters for which electroweak baryogenesis is feasible, b) use a CMSSM-like parametrization, and c) consider the case of a generic NUHM-type model. We find significant differences as compared to the standard MSSM case.Comment: 22 pages, 7 figure

Regularity of squarefree monomial ideals

We survey a number of recent studies of the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of squarefree monomial ideals. Our focus is on bounds and exact values for the regularity in terms of combinatorial data from associated simplicial complexes and/or hypergraphs.Comment: 23 pages; survey paper; minor changes in V.