State-Selective Control For Vibrational Excitation and Dissociation of Diatomic Molecules With Shaped Ultrashort Laser Pulses

Ultrafast state-selective dynamics of diatomic molecules in the electronic ground state under the control of infrared picosecond and femtosecond shaped laser pulses is investigated for the discrete vibrational bound states and for the dissociative continuum states. Quantum dynamics in a classical laser field is simulated for a one-dimensional nonrotating dissociative Morse oscillator, representing the local OH bond in the H2O and HOD molecules. Computer simulations are based on two approaches - exact treatment by the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and approximate treatment by integro-differential equations for the probability amplitudes of the bound states only. Combination of these two approaches is useful to reveal mechanisms underlying selective excitation of the continuum states and above-threshold dissociation in a single electronic state and for designing optimal laser fields to control selective preparation of the high-lying bound states and the continuum states. Optimal laser fields can be designed to yield almost 100% seletive preparation of any prescribed bound state, including those close to the dissociation threshold. State-selective preparation of the highest bound state may be accompanied by the appearance of a quasi-bound molecular state in the continuum with the kinetic energy of the fragments being close to zero. The respective above-threshold dissociation spectrum containes an additional, zero-order peak. The laser-induced dissociation from selectively prepared high-lying bound states is shown to be very efficient, with the dissociation probability approaching the maximal value. Flexible tools of state-selective laser control are developed which enable one to achieve selective control of the dissociation spectra resulting in time-selective and space-selective control of the dissociation fragments

Settlements of Neighboring Buildings During Piling Works

Two case histories of heavy damaging the neighbouring buildings in Sankt-Petersburg during construction the bored piles are presented. The analysis of causes of the damages has shown that ground inflow into the housing tubes due to low strength properties of water saturated liquid-plastic loams is the main cause of additional settlements of existing houses during construction the bored piles of large diameter close to them

The analysis of size-segregated cloud condensation nuclei counter (CCNC) data and its implications for cloud droplet activation

Ambient aerosol, CCN (cloud condensation nuclei) and hygroscopic properties were measured with a size-segregated CCNC (cloud condensation nuclei counter) in a boreal environment of southern Finland at the SMEAR (Station for Measuring Ecosystem-Atmosphere Relations) II station. The instrumental setup operated at five levels of supersaturation <i>S</i> covering a range from 0.1–1% and measured particles with a size range of 20–300 nm; a total of 29 non-consecutive months of data are presented. The median critical diameter <i>D</i>_c ranged from 150 nm at <i>S</i> of 0.1% to 46 nm at <i>S</i> of 1.0%. The median aerosol hygroscopicity parameter &kappa; ranged from 0.41 at <i>S</i> of 0.1% to 0.14 at <i>S</i> of 1.0%, indicating that ambient aerosol in Hyytiälä is less hygroscopic than the global continental or European continental averages. It is, however, more hygroscopic than the ambient aerosol in an Amazon rainforest, a European high Alpine site or a forested mountainous site. A fairly low hygroscopicity in Hyytiälä is likely a result of a large organic fraction present in the aerosol mass comparative to other locations within Europe. A considerable difference in particle hygroscopicity was found between particles smaller and larger than ~100 nm in diameter, possibly pointing out to the effect of cloud processing increasing &kappa; of particles > 100 nm in diameter. The hygroscopicity of the smaller, ~50 nm particles did not change seasonally, whereas particles with a diameter of ~150 nm showed a decreased hygroscopicity in the summer, likely resulting from the increased VOC emissions of the surrounding boreal forest and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. For the most part, no diurnal patterns of aerosol hygroscopic properties were found. Exceptions to this were the weak diurnal patterns of small, ~50 nm particles in the spring and summer, when a peak in hygroscopicity around noon was observed. No difference in CCN activation and hygroscopic properties was found on days with or without atmospheric new particle formation. During all seasons, except summer, a CCN-inactive fraction was found to be present, rendering the aerosol of 75–300 nm in diameter as internally mixed in the summer and not internally mixed for the rest of the year

Approximation on closed sets by analytic or meromorphic solutions on elliptic equations and applications

Given a homogeneous elliptic partial differential operator L with constant complex coefficients and a class of functions (jet-distributions) which are defined on a (relatively) closed subset of a domain Ω in R n and which belong locally to a Banach space V , we consider the problem of approximating in the norm of V the functions in this class by &quot;analytic&quot; and &quot;meromorphic&quot; solutions of the equation Lu = 0. We establish new Roth, Arakelyan (including tangential) and Carleman type theorems for a large class of Banach spaces V and operators L. Important applications to boundary value problems of solutions of homogeneous elliptic partial differential equations are obtained, including the solution of a generalized Dirichlet problem

THE USE OF NEW REAGENT KITS FOR DETECTION AND DESCRIPTION OF ADDITIONAL ALLELES

During the screening typing of recruited volunteers with Volga Federal District for unrelated hematopoietic stem cell registry on the loci (HLA)-A, B, DRB1, DRB345 in sample No 1758 identified a new allele at locus A. The use of basic kit AlleleSEQR HLA-A Sequencing in combination with HARP – A2F98A allowed to determine the genotype of this sample – А*30:01:01, a new allele А*25, В*13, 44, DRB1*03, 09, DRB3*02, DRB4*01

Vibrationally State Selective Photoassociation by Infrared Picosecond Laser Pulses: Model Simulations for O + H → OH(ν)

The quantum dynamics of a photoassociation reaction in the electronic ground state controlled by an infrared picosecond laser pulse is investigated. The association reaction O + H → OH(v) is simulated by representative wavepackets. The OH molecule to be formed is modeled as a non-rotating Morse oscillator. It is shown that the initial free continuum state of O + H can be transferred selectively into a specified vibrational bound state by interaction with an infrared laser pulse. Optimal design of the laser control field leads to high association probability with very high vibrational state-selectivity

Thz range low-noise sis receivers for space and ground-based radio astronomy

We report on research in the field of low-noise receiving systems in the sub-terahertz (THz) range, carried out in recent years, aimed at developing receivers with quantum sensitivity for implementation in space and ground-based radio telescopes. Superconductor-Insulator-Superconductor (SIS) mixers based on high-quality tunnel junctions are the key elements of the most sensitive sub-THz heterodyne receivers. Motivations and physical background for technology improvement and optimization, as well as fabrication details, are described. This article presents the results of the SIS receiver developments for the 211–275 GHz and 790–950 GHz frequency ranges with a noise temperature in the double sideband (DSB) mode of approximTELY 20 K and 200 K, respectively. These designs and achievements are implemented in the development of the receiving systems for the Russian Space Agency mission “Millimetron”, and for the ground-based APEX (Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment) telescope

АНАЛИЗ ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГИИ АСИНХРОННЫМИ ДВИГАТЕЛЯМИ КЛАССОВ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ IE1 И IE2 В НАСОСНОЙ УСТАНОВКЕ МОЩНОСТЬЮ 11 кВт

Purpose. Comparative analysis of energy consumption indicators of electric motors of different energy efficiency classes in an electric drive of a centrifugal pump with power of 11 kW of a water supply system with throttle regulation. Methodology. In this paper a comparison of energy consumption of 11 kW pump units with induction motors of energy efficiency classes IE1 and IE2 is presented. The induction motors are powered directly from the mains. Both considered pump configurations have the same fluid flow rate characteristic of open pump systems. The amount of water consumed by the pump is adjusted by throttling. Results. The results on the daily and annual energy consumption of the two considered pump system configurations are obtained. It is shown that the pump unit using the IE2 class motor provides the annual energy savings of 9.65 thousand rubles and the life cycle energy savings of 158 thousand rubles compared to the IE1 class motor. The payback period of the IE2 class motor is calculated, which is 5 months if a new installation is commissioned and 2 years if the motor is replaced in an operating installation. Practical value. Nowadays the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union mainly use electric motors of the lowest energy efficiency class IE1, according to the IEC 60034-30 Standard (GOST IEC 60034-30-1-2016). However, according to the decision of the Commission of the Eurasian Economic Union, since the 1st of September, 2021 all general-purpose motors shall not be less efficient than the IE2 efficiency level. Therefore, the analysis of the economic effect of replacing IE1 class motors with IE2 class motors becomes relevant for the countries of the Eurasian Union. Pump drives are one of the most important consumers of electricity. Most of the pump drives are powered directly from the mains.На сегодняшний день в странах Евразийского экономического союза в основном применяются электродвигатели низкого класса энергоэффективности IE1, согласно стандарту МЭК 60034-30 (ГОСТ МЭК 60034-30-1-2016). Однако, согласно решению комиссии Евразийского экономического союза, с 1 сентября 2021 г. значение коэффициента полезного действия двигателей не должно быть меньше значений, установленных для класса энергетической эффективности IE2. Поэтому для стран Евразийского союза актуальным становится анализ экономического эффекта от замены двигателей класса IE1 на двигатели класса IE2. В данной работе представлен сравнительный анализ показателей энергопотребления асинхронных электродвигателей классов энергоэффективности IE1 и IE2 в электроприводе центробежного насоса мощностью 11 кВт системы водоснабжения с дроссельным регулированием. Асинхронные двигатели питаются напрямую от электрической сети. Обе насосные системы имеют один и тот же график расхода жидкости, характерный для разомкнутых насосных систем. Количество расходуемой насосом воды регулируется за счет дросселирования. Получены результаты по суточному и годовому энергопотреблению двух рассмотренных конфигураций насосной системы. Показано что система, где применяется асинхронный двигатель класса энергоэффективности IE2, обеспечивает экономию 118,6 евро за год и 2000 евро за жизненный цикл, по сравнению с асинхронным двигателем класса IE1. Рассчитан срок окупаемости двигателя класса IE2, который составляет 5 месяцев в случае введения в строй новой установки и 2 года, в случае замены двигателя в работающей установке.