Local redistribution of blood under the effect of fixation stress against a background of hypokinesia

Fixation stress was used as a model of emotional disturbance. The effect of previous restrictions on mobility on the local redistribution of blood resulting from fixation stress was examined. Disturbances in carbohydrate which result from prolonged hypokinesia was studied. Radioactivity was used to determine the local redistribution of blood. Modified factor analysis was used to study the results of the experiment

Two-step synthesis of polymer fibre material comprising indium-, bismuth-, or antimony-doped nanosized tin oxides

In this paper, we present a method of formation of polymer fibre materials comprising dispersed oxides of rare and trace elements. The results of X-ray diffraction and spectral analyses show that the optimum synthesis conditions of the antimony-doped tin oxide, indium-doped tin oxide, and bismuth-doped tin oxide particles are provided using the "reverse" hydrolytic co-precipitation of hydroxides from chloride solutions combined with the subsequent thermal treatment at 1000°C. Durable fixation of nanoparticles on the fibre surface is confirmed by the atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that spraying of a free stream of the thermoplastic polymer melt with a gas stream containing nanoparticles allows obtaining fibre materials, which possess catalytic, photosensitive, as well as heat and sound insulating properties

Investigation of supramolecular structure of the rare and rare-earth elements nanoparticles carrier when modified using microwave irradiation

In this paper, we present an IR and XRD study of the polypropylene fibrous nanoparticles carrier when its surface modified with rare and rare-earth elements nanoparticles using microwave irradiation, by the example of SnO2/TiO2 hetero-nanoparticles. The paper shows that the smectic mesomorph structure of the non-modified polypropylene fibrous carrier transforms into the monoclinic α-crystalline due to microwave irradiation. At the same time, the carrier material remains stereoregular and keeps its helical structure

Superficial acid-base properties of polymer fibres

Protolytic properties of fine fibre plastics based on polypropylene, polyethyleneterephthalate and polycarbonate were investigated. Acidic (carboxylic, hydroxyl) and basic Lewis sites (esters, carbonates, epoxies) were discovered on fibres surface using IR spectroscopy. The number of active groups of various nature and their pKa values were evaluated by potentiometric titration in aqueous and non-aqueous media. The tested fibres possess a low capacity for both acidic and basic sites on it. The results indicate that all the polymer fibre materials (PFM) due to the presence of carboxyl groups on the surfaces, enable modification of their surfaces with metal nanoparticles, thereby giving them unique properties, e.g., photocatalytic and bactericidal

Formation and development concept strategic management

Аналіз системи управління підприємствами в цілому та стратегічному управлінні зокрема на вітчизняних підприємствах свідчить про те, що склалося помітне відставання в методах і формах, які використовуються напрямі стратегічного управління в економічно розвинених країнах. Формування та успішна реалізації стратегії управління підприємства визначається сукупністю наявних і потенційних можливостей, а також впливу зовнішніх і внутрішніх факторів.Analysis of the system of management of enterprises in General and strategic management of the particular at the domestic enterprises testifies that had a noticeable gap in the methods and forms used the direction of the strategic management in the developed countries. Formation and successful implementation of strategy of management of the enterprise is determined by a set of available and potential opportunities, as well as the influence of external and internal factors

Hydrophobic sorbents based on ultrathin polymer fibers for trapping oil products

Relevance. Increasing negative effects of hydrocarbon production on aquatic ecosystems and tightening of legislative norms on discharge of oil and oil product contaminated water into marine waters. Among various methods used to remove oil from aqueous solutions the most appropriate one is adsorption method. It is explained by its high degree of purification, safety, availability, manufacturability, universality of application. Synthetic materials based on ultrafine fibers have optimal characteristics for manufacturing sorbents for oil removal on their basis. However, the large-scale application of these materials is limited by their high cost, complexity of manufacturing, which excludes the secondary use of polymers as feedstock. In this regard, there is a growing need for economically and environmentally effective hydrophobic materials for sorptive treatment of aqueous media from oil and petroleum products. Aim. To determine sorption properties of hydrophobic fibrous materials produced via pneumatic formation for use as effective hydrocarbon sorbents for liquidation of oil spills in sea and water treatment on oil production platforms. Objects. Sorbents based on polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate ultrafine fibers. Methods. Gravimetric, spectral analysis, transmission electron microscopy, gas chromatography. Results. The paper introduces the results of investigation of sorption properties of untreated ultrafine fibers obtained by pneumatic atomization and modified by microwave radiation. The authors have carried out the comparative analysis of water absorption and the influence of contact time and acidity of the medium on the degree of sorption of samples obtained from hydrophobic polymers. Promising application of sorbents based on polypropylene ultrathin fibers for oil products extraction from aqueous media was revealed. It is established that modification reduces water absorption of polypropylene sorbents and leads to an insignificant decrease in sorption properties due to changes in the supramolecular structure of polypropylene fiber samples

Heat balance model for long-term prediction of the thermal regime of a subway tunnel and surrounding soil

For a long-term forecast of the average air temperature in a metro tunnel and surrounding soil, heat balance conditions are modeled in a system that includes two parallel tunnels, a near-tunnels underground space, the earth's surface and atmospheric air with seasonal temperature variation. It is assumed that the air in the tunnels is well mixed, and the thermal effect of ventilation is taken into account by replacing the air in the tunnels with atmospheric air. The system of heat balance equations is solved numerically by the finite element method. A numerical analysis of the influences of the model parameters on the average temperature in the tunnels and surrounding soil is carried out. The dimensions of the soil region with an elevated temperature, located between the tunnels, are estimated.Comment: 28 pages, 9 figure

Информация как общенаучное и философское понятие: основные подходы к определению

One of the main goals of the contemporary philosophy of information science and the focus for this article is the classification and systematization of basic approaches on how to define such a richly detailed concept as «information». It is proposed to draw a line between the commonplace understanding of information on the one hand side and the philosophical and general academic approaches to its study on the other. As noted in the article, information was considered from a philosophical standpoint most predominantly in Soviet philosophy. The basic philosophical concepts of information as substantial, attributive, and functional were distinguished and continue to hold meaning today. Mathematics (as a probability/statistical concept) became the basis of the first scientific theories of information that attached special meaning to the quantitative aspects of information and identified the concepts of both information and «the amount of information». Since 1950, research interest has shifted to the study of information’s qualitative and axiological aspects, which are expressed in the formation of the semantic and vital theory of information. In the 1980–90s, synergetic concepts of information that synthesized the quantitative and qualitative approaches began to emerge. Currently, information as a category is being actively developed by researchers from the natural, technical, and social sciences, along with those from the humanities, which in turn calls for its philosophical reconceptualization and for the identification of its essential properties.Одной из актуальных задач современной философии информатики, попытка решения которой предпринята в настоящей статье, является классификация и систематизация основных подходов к определению такого многозначного феномена, как информация. Предлагается разграничить обыденное понимание информации, а также философские и общенаучные подходы к ее исследованию. В работе отмечается, что с философских позиций информация рассматривалась преимущественно в советской философии. В качестве основных философских концепций информации выделяются субстанциональная, атрибутивная и функциональная, распространенные и в настоящее время. Первой из научных теорий информации стала математическая, или вероятностно-статистическая, концепция, уделяющая особое внимание количественным аспектам информации и отождествляющая термины «информация» и «количество информации». С 1950-х годов исследовательский интерес смещается к изучению качественных и ценностных аспектов информации, что находит выражение в формировании семантической и витальной теорий информации. В 1980-90-е годы начинают складываться синергетические концепции информации, синтезирующие количественные и качественные подходы. В настоящее время категория «информация» активно разрабатывается представителями естественных, технических и социально-гуманитарных наук, что требует ее философского переосмысления и выявления ее сущностных свойств