Gold and silver diffusion in germanium: a thermodynamic approach

Diffusion properties are technologically important in the understanding of semiconductors for the efficent formation of defined nanoelectronic devices. In the present study we employ experimental data to show that bulk materials properties (elastic and expansivity data) can be used to describe gold and silver diffusion in germanium for a wide temperature range (702–1177 K). Here we show that the so-called cBΩ model thermodynamic model, which assumes that the defect Gibbs energy is proportional to the isothermal bulk modulus and the mean volume per atom, adequately metallic diffusion in germanium

A Comparison Of The Financial Characteristics Of Companies Surveyed By Accounting Trends And Techniques (ATT) And Non-ATT Companies

Several researchers restrict their sample selection to firms included in the Accounting Trends and Techniques (ATT), an annual survey published by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). This paper examines the implications of this restriction. ATT firms are much larger, have higher leverage, larger betas and lower current ratios as compared to non-ATT firms. FIFO is the dominant inventory accounting choice for non-ATT firms; ATT firms tend to prefer LIFO. Both ATT and non-ATT firms favor straight-line depreciation over accelerated methods. ATT firms are under-represented in several industries