Boehmians of type S and their Fourier transforms

Function spaces of type S are introduced and investigated in the literature. They are also applied to study the Cauchy problem. In this paper we shall extend the concept of these spaces to the context of Boehmian spaces and study the Fourier transform theory on these spaces. These spaces enable us to combine the theory of Fourier transform on these function spaces as well as their dual spaces

Activation of p38 MAPK in the substantia nigra leads to nuclear translocation of NF-κB in MPTP-treated mice: implication in Parkinson's disease

Activation and translocation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) from cytoplasm to the nucleus has been reported in models of Parkinson's disease (PD). Our focus was to discern the upstream events which ultimately lead to NF-κB nuclear translocation using animal model of PD. We demonstrate that p38 activation results in downstream phosphorylation of NF-κB and accumulation of p65 subunit of NF-κB selectively in ventral midbrain but not in striatum. Treatment with p38 inhibitor, SB239063, prevented downstream phosphorylation of IκBα and p65 translocation to the nucleus in the ventral midbrain. Phosphorylation of anti-apoptotic Bcl2, an NF-κB target gene by p38 to inactive pBcl2ser87 was also attenuated by SB239063. Increased staining of p65 in the nuclei of cells in the substantia nigra but not in the ventral tegmental area of MPTP-treated mice further suggests a role for NF-κB in PD. In agreement with the above, sustained caspase activation is seen in the ventral midbrain but not in striatum. We demonstrate the region specific p38-mediated activation of NF-κB following MPTP treatment demonstrating the role of p38/NF-κB signaling in the pathogenesis and progression of the disease. Selective inhibitors of p38 may therefore, help preserve the surviving neurons in PD and slow down the disease progression

Monogenic Diabetes due to ABCC8/KCNJ11 Mutation: Case Study and Review of Literature

Monogenic diabetes arises due to mutation in a single-gene and is recognized by their striking familial inheritance pattern. This form of diabetes is inherited in an autosomal dominant or recessive fashion, unlike polygenic Type 1 (autoimmune) or type 2 diabetes caused by the combined action of more than one gene [1-11]. Monogenic diabetes is classified into three main groups: Neonatal diabetes mostly presents in the first six months of birth, maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) and maternally inherited mitochondrial diabetes. These mutations run in the family and have a predictable course. Most of the monogenic diabetes is treated with oral medications like sulfonylurea rather than insulin. ABCC8/KCNJ11 gene mutations also cause monogenic diabetes. This gene mutation has been found in ~50% of congenital hyperinsulinemia (CHI) patients. In such cases diabetes commonly presents in the neonatal period (transient or permanent) or at adolescence / early adulthood [1]. We present a 58-year-old diabetic lady, who was detected with ABCC8 mutation during the cascade testing [8]. She was diagnosed with diabetes at the age of 12 [8]. Her son had history of neonatal hypoglycaemia and developed diabetes at the age of 15. He was the index case who was found to have ABCC8 mutation. The family has several other members diagnosed with diabetes. The aim of the article is to increase awareness and understanding of monogenic diabetes among the medical practitioners in adult population with diabetes so that the genetic testing can be offered in a cost effective manner

Maternal and perinatal outcome in preterm premature rupture of membranes

Background: Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) occurs in 3% of pregnancies and is responsible for approximately one third of all preterm births. Objective of present study was to analyse the maternal and perinatal outcome of PPROM patients between 28 to 36 weeks +6daysMethods: A descriptive study was conducted on 141 antenatal patients between 28 to 36weeks+6days with PPROM admitted to Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Government TD Medical College, Alappuzha, Kerala, India from September 2014 to September 2015. After establishing the diagnosis of PPROM patients were monitored and Maternal and perinatal outcomes were studied.Results: 77% patients had late PPROM. 60% of early PPROM latency period >24 hrs and were managed conservatively till 34 weeks. 18% had chorioamnionitis and immediate termination of pregnancy. 73% of newborns in this group needed admission due to complications of prematurity like RDS (54.54%). Perinatal mortality (2.12%) was due to sepsis. 80% of late PPROM had latency period 24hrs and sepsis was 36% in >24hrs and 10% in <24hrs.Conclusions: The most common cause of perinatal mortality in early PPROM is prematurity and its complications. Hence conservative management to prolong pregnancy is recommended under strict monitoring for evidence of chorioamnionitis. At the earliest evidence of chorioamnionitis termination irrespective of gestational age is warranted. In late PPROM, perinatal outcome is good. So, termination is advised as conservative management shall add to the fetal and maternal morbidity due to sepsis.

Effect of Urbanization on Flooding: Adyar River a Case Study

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Environmental Impacts of Sediment Nutrients in Hyper Eutrophic Reservoir in South India

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Physicochemical analysis of initial adhesion and biofilm formation of Methanosarcina barkeri on polymer support material.

The retention of selective biofilms of Methanosarcina species within anaerobic digesters could reduce start-up times and enhance the efficiency of the process in treating high-strength domestic sewage. The objective of the study was to examine the effect of the surface characteristics of six common polymer support materials on the initial adhesion of the model methanogen, Methanosarcina barkeri, and to assess the potential of these support materials as selective biofilm carriers. Results from both the initial adhesion tests and extended DLVO (xDLVO) model correlated with each other, with PVC (12% surface coverage/mm(2)), PTFE (6% surface coverage/mm(2)), and PP (6% surface coverage/mm(2)), shown to be the better performing support materials for initial adhesion, as well as subsequent biofilm formation by M. barkeri after 72h. Experimental results of these three support materials showed that the type of material strongly influenced the extent of adhesion from M. barkeri (p<0.0001), and the xDLVO model was able to explain the results in these environmental conditions. Therefore, DLVO physicochemical forces were found to be influential on the initial adhesion of M. barkeri. Scanning electron microscopy suggested that production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from M. barkeri could facilitate further biofilm development. This study highlights the potential of using the xDLVO model to rapidly identify suitable materials for the selective adhesion of M. barkeri, which could be beneficial in both the start-up and long-term phases of anaerobic digestion

Crowd-based accountability: examining how social media commentary reconfigures organizational accountability

Organizational accountability is considered critical to organizations' sustained performance and survival. Prior research examines the structural and rhetorical responses that organizations use to manage accountability pressures from different constituents. With the emergence of social media, accountability pressures shift from the relatively clear and well-specified demands of identifiable stakeholders to the unclear and unspecified concerns of a pseudonymous crowd. This is further exacerbated by the public visibility of social media, materializing as a stream of online commentary for a distributed audience. In such conditions, the established structural and rhetorical responses of organizations become less effective for addressing accountability pressures. We conducted a multisite comparative study to examine how organizations in two service sectors (emergency response and hospitality) respond to accountability pressures manifesting as social media commentary on two platforms (Twitter and TripAdvisor). We find organizations responding online to social media commentary while also enacting changes to their practices that recalibrate risk, redeploy resources, and redefine service. These changes produce a diffractive reactivity that reconfigures the meanings, activities, relations, and outcomes of service work as well as the boundaries of organizational accountability. We synthesize these findings in a model of crowd-based accountability and discuss the contributions of this study to research on accountability and organizing in the social media era

Maturity determination of red and white pulp dragon fruit

There is a huge potential for dragon fruits grown in India but insufficient information may hamper its production and postharvest handling. The aim of this study was to investigate the right harvest time and maturity indices for red and white pulp dragon fruit. Growth and developmental studies were undertaken using destructive (total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity and TSS: acid ratio) and non-destructive methods (fruit weight, specific gravity, peel colour and heat units). Fruits were collected at seven intervals (7, 14, 21, 26, 31, 36 and 41 days after flowering) to assess the right maturity. All these methods were used to standardize the optimum maturity and right time for the harvest of red and white pulp dragon fruit. Harvesting dragon fruits between 31-36 days after flowering (DAF) was found ideal for optimum maturity and quality. Both red and white pulp fruits harvested at 31 DAF showed better quality in terms of physic-chemical and sensory attributes