Effect of seasonal variations and different housing systems on physiological responses and hematological parameters of buffaloes

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of 2 housing systems and seasonal variations on physiological responses and haematological parameters of buffaloes. Twelve buffaloes were selected and randomly divided into 2 equal groups. Animals of group A were housed in shade with net and animals of group B in shade without net. The experiment was conducted for 2 seasons i.e. monsoon and winter. The physiological responses were recorded weekly. Blood samples were aseptically collected fortnightly and were analyzed for hematological studies. All the parameters of physiological responses viz. respiration rate, rectal temperature, heart rate, and pulse rate were non significantly higher in group B as compared to group A in monsoon and winter seasons. Highly significant increase in mean values of Hb, TEC, TLC and PCV was observed in group A than the group B values in monsoon and winter seasons. Significantly higher values of lymphocytes and neutrophils was observed in group A during monsoon and non-significantly lower values in group B during winter season. Eosinophils and monocytes were non significantly higher in group B during monsoon and winter season as compared to group A. The temperature humidity index (THI) showed significantly lower in group A as compared to group B in both the seasons

Effect of replacing maize with bajra (Pearl Millet) on the performance of broilers

In the Corn Soya based diet the effect of quantitatively replacing 0 (T1), 25(T2), 50(T3), per cent of dietary maize with bajra (pearl millet) was investigated for broilers. Each one of the three diets was offered as much ad libitum to two replicates (25 birds per replicate), the growth performance of broiler birds during 0-42 days of age was studied. The chicks under T3 group grew significantly faster (P < 0.01) than T1 and T2 group and Chicks under T2 grew significantly faster (P < 0.01) than T1 group. It was observed that the feed conversion ratio was superior in T1 followed by T2 and T3 respectively with significant (P < 0.01) differences amongst the treatment groups. It was observed that the chicks under T3group consumed significantly (P < 0.01) more feed than T2 and T1 groups during the experimental period respectively. There was no mortality in all of the dietary treatments through out the experiment. Findings of the present study suggest that bajra can replace 25 &#150; 50 per cent of maize in the broiler ration without affecting the performance of the broilers, but at the same time feed conversion ratio was poor for bajra incorporated feed T3 and T2 than T1. [Vet World 2009; 2(8.000): 310-312

Restraint interventions in people with moderate to profound intellectual disabilities: Perspectives of support staff and family members

Background Due to incompatibilities in communication, it is key that family members and support staff can take the perspective of people with moderate to profound intellectual disabilities (ID) whilst putting aside their own perspectives. Method Ten vignettes describing types of restraint interventions (RIs) were presented to 20 unique pairs of support staff and family members related to individuals with moderate to profound ID. Results In taking their own perspective, more than half of the support staff and family members perceived all RIs as involuntary and severe. In contrast, when asked to put themselves in the position of the client/family member, only three RIs were considered involuntary by a majority of support staff and family members. Conclusions These results indicate that support staff and family members can take into account the perspective of people with moderate to profound ID in the evaluation and consideration of involuntary care