On the Beta Function for Anisotropic Current Interactions in 2D

By making use of current-algebra Ward identities we study renormalization of general anisotropic current-current interactions in 2D. We obtain a set of algebraic conditions that ensure the renormalizability of the theory to all orders. In a certain minimal prescription we compute the beta function to all orders.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures. v2: References added and typos corrected; v3: cancellation of finite parts more accurately state

Generalized sine-Gordon/massive Thirring models and soliton/particle correspondences

We consider a real Lagrangian off-critical submodel describing the soliton sector of the so-called conformal affine $sl(3)^{(1)}$ Toda model coupled to matter fields (CATM). The theory is treated as a constrained system in the context of Faddeev-Jackiw and the symplectic schemes. We exhibit the parent Lagrangian nature of the model from which generalizations of the sine-Gordon (GSG) or the massive Thirring (GMT) models are derivable. The dual description of the model is further emphasized by providing the relationships between bilinears of GMT spinors and relevant expressions of the GSG fields. In this way we exhibit the strong/weak coupling phases and the (generalized) soliton/particle correspondences of the model. The $sl(n)^{(1)}$ case is also outlined.Comment: 22 pages, LaTex, some comments and references added, conclusions unchanged, to appear in J. Math. Phy

Renormalization and redundancy in 2d quantum field theories

We analyze renormalization group (RG) flows in two-dimensional quantum field theories in the presence of redundant directions. We use the operator picture in which redundant operators are total derivatives. Our analysis has three levels of generality. We introduce a redundancy anomaly equation which is analyzed together with the RG anomaly equation previously considered by H.Osborn [8] and D.Friedan and A.Konechny [7]. The Wess-Zumino consistency conditions between these anomalies yield a number of general relations which should hold to all orders in perturbation theory. We further use conformal perturbation theory to study field theories in the vicinity of a fixed point when some of the symmetries of the fixed point are broken by the perturbation. We relate various anomaly coefficients to OPE coefficients at the fixed point and analyze which operators become redundant and how they participate in the RG flow. Finally, we illustrate our findings by three explicit models constructed as current-current perturbations of SU(2)_k WZW model. At each generality level we discuss the geometric picture behind redundancy and how one can reduce the number of couplings by taking a quotient with respect to the redundant directions. We point to the special role of polar representations for the redundancy groups.Comment: 59 pages, 5 pdf figures; V3: version equivalent to the version published in JHEP (up to an additional footnote

ICAR: endoscopic skull‐base surgery

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INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL LIGHTING POLLUTION BY THE CHEMICAL DEICING MATERIALS ON TRAFFIC SAFETY OF THE MOTOR VEHICLES

Introduction. Road transport remains the most dangerous form of transportation in our time. On the roads of our country about 25 thousand people are killed per year, are injured and maimed more than 250 000 people per year. In fact, every third traffic accident happens in the night time. Therefore, the question of the motor vehicles traffic’s safety increasing on winter roads continues to be relevant nowadays. The duration of the winter slipperiness’ period in Russia is 5-6 months. One way to prevent the winter slipperiness is the deicing materials’ application. While motor vehicles’ driving on the road, which is covered with anti-icing materials, the pollution of the vehicles’ external lights by anti-icing agents is happen, and this process significantly reduces the illumination of the road and the visibility of the traffic conditions in the darkness time and it also negatively affects the road safety situation. Materials and methods. The analysis of the literary sources, the scientific works and the publications about the problem of the external lighting of the car pollution by the deicing materials, which influences on the driver’s visibility of the traffic conditions in the dark time is made in the article. In addition, the analysis of normative documents, which regulate the requirements to the condition of the operated motor vehicles in terms of the road safety is presented in this research.Results. The modern theory of the vehicle’s operational properties does not contain the results about the illumination influence of the road headlights on the traffic safety in terms of their pollution with chemical deicing materials in dark time. Therefore, the research is aimed to identify the patterns how the lighting devices’ pollution of the vehicle by anti-icing agents influences on road illumination and visibility.Discussion and conclusion. The question about the motor vehicles’ safety and about their operating conditions on the winter roads, which cover with the chemical anti-icing agents is urgent nowadays, because of the information lack about the regularities of the reagents’ influence on the traffic safety in dark time. For this reason, the systematic scientific research should be conducted to obtain new information of such influence