Effects of Internal Marketing on Customer Orientation Behaviour of Selected Hotels’ Employees in Nigeria

This study was carried out to determine the Influence of Internal Marketing on Customer Orientation Behaviour of Hotel Employees in Nigeria. The objectives of the study include: to determine the effect of internal marketing on customer orientation behaviour of hotel employees; to investigate the moderating influence of personality on the relationship between internal marketing and customer orientation behaviour of the hotel employees; and to investigate the moderating influence of job satisfaction on the relationship between internal marketing and customer orientation behaviour of the hotels’ employees. Survey research design method was adopted for the study. 83 and 174 hotel managers and employees respectively were selected for the study from 20 hotels operating in different geo-political zones of Nigeria. Questionnaire was used for collection of data. Convenience sampling method was used for selecting both the hotels’ managers and guest service employees used for the study. The hypotheses were tested using multiple linear regression. It was revealed that internal marketing has significant influence on customer orientation behavior of hotels’ employees; personality significantly moderates the relationship between internal marketing and customer orientation behavior of the hotel employees; and job satisfaction significantly moderates the relationship between internal marketing and customer orientation behavior of the hotels’ employees. It was recommended that hotel managers should give much priority to internal marketing practice while controlling for the personality and job satisfaction of the guest service employees

Effect of Outsourcing on the Performance of Selected Quoted Deposit Money Banks in Enugu State

The aim of the study is to assess effect of outsourcing on the performance of selected quoted deposit money banks in Enugu State with regards to influence of loyalty of outsourced staff affect organizational productivity and the effect of job insecurity on organizational growth. Descriptive survey design was adopted in the study among 271 staff of selected money deposit banks in Enugu. Questionnaire instruction was used for data collection. The study hypotheses were tested using linear regression. The result of the study revealed that dual loyalty of outsourced staff negatively affects organizational productivity of selected deposit money banks in Enugu state, Nigeria (t = 16.432; p = .000 < 0.05) and job insecurity significantly affects organizational growth of selected deposit money banks in Enugu State, Nigeria (t = 1.143; p =. 007< 0.05). Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that outsourcing of human resources as a competitive strategy adopted by the deposit money banks in Enugu state, Nigeria, brought a solution to global financial crises and Enugu state in particular for the survival of the banking industries. The study recommended that Banks should outsource only their activities on the periphery to enable employees’ focus on what are their core-competencies and that companies that outsource should continue to monitor the contractor’s activities and establish constant communication. Keywords: Outsourcing, Organizational Performance, Money Deposit Banks, Human Resource

Strategic Management of Pension Scheme in Selected Private Manufacturing Organizations in South Eastern Nigeria

Management of pension schemes in Nigeria has been characterized by multiple and diverse problems despite several modifications of the pension schemes by the government. The study examined the extent strategies adopted for pension management can enhance employees’ confidence in the scheme. The study adopted a survey design. The data were analyzed using tables, frequencies, and mean. Z- test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 significance. It was revealed that to a very large extent strategies adopted for pension and retirement management can enhance employees’ confidence in the management of the schemes. The researchers recommended among others that an efficient structural framework should be put in place always to monitor the contribution and implementation of the Contributory Pension Scheme. Pension plays an increasingly important role in the economy of any country because the money earmarked for pension could be used for the establishment of small enterprises and infrastructural development

Effect of Blue Ocean Strategy on the Performance of Telecommunication Firms in South East Nigeria

The objectives of the study were to; examine the effect of blue ocean strategy application on the market share in the Nigerian telecommunication firms and identify the impact of blue ocean strategy on customer satisfaction in the Nigerian telecommunication industry. The study adopted cross-sectional descriptive research design. Data was obtained from 225 respondents working in telecommunication firms in South East Region of Nigeria through the use of a questionnaire. The data collected for the study were presented in tables comprising of frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, while the hypotheses were tested using simple linear regression with the aid of statistical package for social sciences (IBM, SPSS version 23). The findings revealed that blue ocean strategy has a positive significant effect on market share in the Nigerian telecommunication industry (r = .680a; F = 223.971; T = 14.966; p - .000) and that blue ocean strategy has a positive significant effect on customer satisfaction in Nigerian telecommunication organizations (r = 727; F = 292.079; T = 17.090; p - .000). It was concluded that the formulation of blue ocean strategy is quite an accomplishment and dynamic process as it affects, market shares and customer satisfaction. It was recommended that management of various telecommunication firms should strive to develop innovative products and services that are beyond the traditionally known services in order to improve their profitability and as a matter of urgency, innovatively deliver cutting edge services that can beat their competitors so as to attract more customers. Keywords: Blue Ocean, Strategy, Performance, Telecommunication firms, South East Nigeri

Evaluation of the Effect of Federal Government External Debts and Reserves on Economic Growth in Nigeria

This study is to evaluated the effect of federal government external debts and external reserve on economic growth in Nigeria. The study spanned 2007– 2016. Gross Domestic Product formed the basis for economic growth The study adpoted the ex post facto as research design. The analytical tools used were unit root test and ordinary least square. The study found out that external debt stock had a negative and significant effect on real gross domestic product with the studied period and external debt service payment had a negative and non-significant influence on real gross domestic product with the sampled period. The study therefore recommended that external debts should be contracted solely for economic reasons and not for social or political reasons. This is to avoid accumulation of external debt stock overtime and prevent an obscuring of the motive behind external debt. The authorities responsible for managing Nigeria’s external debt should adequately keep track of the debt payment obligations and the debt should not be allowed to pass a maximum limit so as to avoid debt overhang. Keywords: Federal government, External Debts, External Reserve, Economic Growth,  Nigeria

Analytical Review of the Effect of Corporate Social Reporting Disclosures on Performance of Firms in the Financial Sector in Nigeria

This research appraised the effect of corporate social reporting disclosure on the financial performance of banks in Nigeria. Gross Earnings, Profit after Tax and Share Price were the proxies for financial performance while expenditure disclosure constituted the measurement for social cost disclosure. The researcher made use of Eview in the data analysis. The study reveals that Social Responsibility Expenditure does not have significant effect on the Gross Earnings of banks in Nigeria. It was also observed that Social Responsibility Expenditure does not have any significant effect on Profit after Tax of banks in Nigeria. The result of this study equally revealed that Social Responsibility Expenditure has little or no effect on the Share Price of banks in Nigeria. The study recommends that companies should take social accounting disclosure as part of their normal reporting mandate in order to better inform stakeholders and the report must be separately disclosed and form part of the content report statements and government should provide rebates for companies that incurred social costs as a way of encouraging good corporate reportage. Keywords: Corporate Social Reporting, Financial Performance, Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Market Price per Shar

Mergers and Acquisitions as a Growth Strategy in Business Organizations: A Study of Nigeria Banking Sector

This study examined mergers and acquisitions as growth strategy in business organizations: a study Nigeria banking sector. Three banks were used for the study. Secondary data were collected from the firms for ten years period, 2007- 2016. Bank size, gross earnings and turnover were proxies for mergers and acquisitions. Profit after Tax was the proxy for the growth. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Results indicate that mergers and acquisitions has positive and significant effect on banks’ growth.  The study recommends that Mergers and Acquisition  should not be done out of desperation or necessity as was the case during the consolidation period but should be properly evaluated and carried out to ensure its success. The pros and cons should be weighed and it should be determined if that is the best option for the organization. Banks should be innovative in the development and marketing of their products in order to increase their market share and performance and also enhance the competitiveness of the banking industry. A strategically integrated acquisition programme should be put in place to ensure a successful merger/acquisition. Keywords: Mergers, Acquisitions, Growth Strategy, Bank Size, Profit after Ta

TEAM SPIRITED APPROACH FOR INNOVATION AND SUCCESS IN CHANGE MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIAN MANUFACTURING ORGANIZATIONS: STRATEGIES, CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS Contribution/ Originality

ABSTRACT 447 Contribution/ Originality The study contributes in the existing literature by maintaining that organizations which fail to recognize human assets critical to the sustenance of its survival will fail. Organization that places high premium on the quality of its employees and develop them accordingly will stand a good change to achieving strategic advantage

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence of Triplex Infections (Combined Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus) among Pregnant Women in Nigeria

Objective. We systematically identified the prevalence of triplex infections (combined human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV)) in pregnancy. Methods. To gather information on the frequency of triplex infections, we searched the databases of PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. Without regard to language, we utilized search terms that covered HIV, HBV, HCV, and pregnancy. Pregnant women with triplex infections of HIV, HBV, and HCV were included in studies that also examined the prevalence of triplex infections. Review Manager 5.4.1 was employed to conduct the meta-analysis. Critical appraisal and bias tool risk data were provided as percentages with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), and I2 was used as the statistical measure of heterogeneity. The checklist was created by Hoy and colleagues. The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO, under the registration number CRD42020202583. Results. Eight studies involving 5314 women were included. We identified one ongoing study. Pooled prevalence of triplex infections was 0.03% (95% CI: 0.02–0.04%) according to meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis demonstrated a significantly high prevalence of 0.08% (95% CI: 0.06–0.10%; 3863 women) in HIV-positive population than 0.00% (95% CI:−0.00-0.00; 1451 women; P<0.001) in general obstetric population. Moreover, there was a significant difference in the pooled prevalence between studies published between 2001 and 2010 and between 2011 and 2021 (0.14% (95% CI: 0.12 to 0.16 versus 0.03% (95% CI: 0.02 to 0.04%; P<0.001))) and participants recruited in the period between 2001 and 2011 and between 2012 and 2021 (0.13% (95% CI: 0.05 to 0.21; p=0.002 versus 0.00% (95% CI: −0.00 to 0.00%; p=1.00))), respectively. Conclusion. The combined prevalence of prenatal triplex infections was 0.03%, with rates notably higher among the group of pregnant women who were HIV-positive and during the recruitment period that took place before 2012. This prevalence still necessitates screening for these infections as necessary