Morphology, anatomy, ecology and palynology of two Centaurea species from Turkey

WOS: 000257225500011Centaurea L. sect. Plosimopappa, a local endemic group in the Mediterranean and South East Anatolia, is represented by only two species, namely C. ptosimopappa Hayek and C. ptosimopappoides Wagenitz in Turkey. Both these species show a very restricted distribution as serpentine habitat indicators and are recorded as vulnerable. Present study was carried out to enlighten the morphological, anatomical and ecological features of these two species in detail. The structure of achene, indumentum and pollen grains were investigated by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The capitulum, involucre and leaf structure of these two species are rather similar, but their achenes and pollen grains differ from each other. In C. ptosimopappa pollen spinules are densely distributed but in C. ptosimopappoides they are sparsely distributed. The achenes are obovate in C. ptosimopappa and rectangular in C. ptosimopappoides. C. ptosimopappa is a scrub species but C. ptosimopappoides is a subscrub species. A negative relation in terms of the proportion of sand to silt content of the soil and positive relation between the percentage of CaCo3 and pH was observed for C. ptosimopappa (p < 0.05). A negative relation in terms of the proportion of sand to silt content of the soil was observed in C. ptosimopappoides (p < 0.01)

The Effect of Abdominal Massage on Gastric Residual Volume A Randomized Controlled Trial

This study is a randomized controlled trial aimed at determining the effects of abdominal massage on high gastric residual volume seen in patients intermittently fed with enteral nutrition through a nasogastric tube. The study also investigated consequent abdominal distension and vomiting complications. The study was carried out in a university hospital between January and December 2009. The sample included 40 intervention (abdominal massage) and 40 control subjects. Findings demonstrated that 2.5% of the subjects in the massage group and 30.0% of the subjects in the control group developed high gastric residual volume from enteral nutrition through a nasogastric tube. Abdominal circumference measurements of subjects on the first and last days demonstrated that 20% of the subjects in the control group and only 2.5% of the subjects in the massage group developed abdominal distension (p = .044). Vomiting was observed in 10% of the control subjects; no vomiting was observed in the intervention group. Findings suggest that nurses should apply abdominal massage to subjects receiving enteral feedings intermittently to prevent high gastric residual volume and abdominal distension

Sağlıklı genç bireylerde konstipasyon sorununun belirlenmesi

AIM: This study was descriptively prepared to determine the rate of constipation in healthy young individuals according to Roma II criteria. METHOD: The study population consisted of students (n=284) who studied at Ege University, School of Nursing in the 2006-2007 academic year. Constipation Questionnaire and Bowel Habit Form-The Visual Scale Analog Questionnaire (VSAQ) were used in order to collect data. According to the findings of VSAQ form that includes Roma II criteria for the diagnosis of constipation, students fulfilling any two of the criteria, was accepted as being constipated. Chi-Square test, Pearson Correlation and T-Test were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: In the study results, it was determined that 56.7% of all students accepted themselves as being constipated, 87.7% of them fulfilled at least two of the Roma II criteria, the prevalence of constipation was higher in students who stayed in dormitories and ate less fibrous foods (p;lt;0.05), and doing exercise and smoking did not affect the constipation problem (p;gt;0.05). The mean scores of straining, not being completely empty, sense of fullness and pain obtained from the VSAQ and the mean score of negative effect on daily life were found to be statistically different between students, who accepted themselves as being constipated and who did not (p;lt;0.05). CONCLUSION: Higher rate of students fulfilling at least two of the criteria, the determination of the negative effect of the constipation on daily life, and the drug use for the treatment was considered that constipation is a problem which excessive emphasis should be put on. To relieve constipation, firstly high fibrous food and plentiful fluid consumption are suggested to the students.AMAÇ: Bu çalışma, sağlıklı genç bireylerde Roma II kriterlerine göre konstipasyon görülme oranını belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak planlanmıştır. YÖNTEM: Araştırmanın örneklemini Ege Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu’nda 2006-2007 öğretim yılında okuyan öğrenciler oluşturmuştur (n=284). Verilerin toplanmasında Konstipasyon Anketi ve Bağırsak Alışkanlığı Sorgulama Formu-Görsel Analog Skala Anketi (VSAQ) kullanılmıştır. Roma II konstipasyon tanılama kriterlerini içeren VSAQ formundan elde edilen sonuçlara göre, bu kriterlerinden ikisine sahip olan öğrenciler konstipe olarak kabul edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde ki kare testi, Pearson korelasyon analizi ve t test kullanılmıştır. BULGULAR: Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, öğrencilerin %56.7’sinin kendini konstipe olarak değerlendirdiği, %87.7’sinin Roma II kriterlerinden en az ikisine sahip olduğu, yurtta yaşayan ve az lifli beslenen öğrencilerde konstipasyon görülme durumunun daha yüksek olduğu (p0.05), egzersiz yapma ve sigara içmenin konstipasyon görülme durumunu etkilemediği belirlenmiştir (p>0.05). Kendini konstipe kabul eden ve etmeyen öğrenciler arasında VSAQ’dan elde edilen ıkınma, tam boşalmama, dolgunluk hissi ve ağrı puan ortalamaları ile günlük yaşamın olumsuz etkilenmesi puan ortalaması istatistiksel olarak farklı bulunmuştur (p0.05). SONUÇ: Çalışmamızda konstipasyon kriterlerinden en az ikisine sahip olan öğrenci oranının yüksek olması, günlük yaşamlarının olumsuz etkilenmesi ve tedavi için ilaç kullanmaları konstipasyonu üzerinde durulması gereken önemli bir sorun yapmaktadır. Öğrencilere, konstipasyonla etkili baş etmede öncelikle lifli beslenmeleri ve bol sıvı tüketmeleri önerilmektedir

Investigation of Motor Activity, Movement Kinematics and Forward-Backwards Gait in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Our aim in this study was to examine relationships between the motor activity ability, sensor-based kinematics and forward-backwards gait characteristics of children with cerebral palsy (CP). In this prospective cross-sectional study we studied 40 children with CP. We used the Pediatric Motor Activity Log Revised (PMAL-R) to assess motor activity, evaluated motion kinematics (acceleration and angular velocity) with a sensor-based application, applied the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score (EVGS) and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) to observe gait performance, and used the Three Meter Backward Walk Test (3MBWT) to assess backward gait. We found moderately positive significant correlations (r(1) = 0.416, r(2) = 0.418, p 0.05) between the chilidren's minimum angular velocity on PMAL-R motor activity frequency (how often) and quality (how well) scores, respectively. We also found moderately negative significant correlations (r(1) = -0.529, r(2) = -0.521, p 0.05) between PMAL-R frequency (how often) and quality (how well) scores with TUG, respectively. There were moderately high positive correlations (r(1) = 0.415, r(2) = 0.726, p 0.05) between EVGS scores and 3MBWT and TUG scores, respectively. We concluded that angular velocity ability was moderately related to children's motor activity and showed that physical performance tests (TUG and 3MBWT) could monitor gait function and upper extremity motor activity level, including both forward and backward walking tasks, in children with CP

Kapıdağ yarımadası’nın (Türkiye) etnobotanik özellikleri

Türkiye’nin Kuzeybatı Marmara Bölgesi’nde yer alan ve 300 km2 yüzölçümü olan Kapıdağ Yarımadası, Balıkesir ili sınırları içerisindedir. Bu yarımadada 2004-2006 yılları arasında etnobotanik bir çalışma yapıldı. Bu araştırmada, yarımadada bulunan 7 köye ait 119 kaynak kişi ile görüşülmüştür. Bitkilerin kullanımı ile ilgili olarak elde edilen bilgiler değerlendirildiğinde, tıbbi (33 familyaya ait 44 takson), gıda 21 familyaya ait 40 takson), boya (4 familyaya ait 4 takson), yakıt (4 familyaya ait 4 takson), süs (5 familyaya ait 5 takson) ve diğer kullanım amaçları (11 familyaya ait 12 takson) olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Sonuçta, toplam olarak 47 familyaya ait 88 takson etnobotanik özellikleri açısından değerlendirilmiştir.The Kapıdağ Peninsula lying in the northwest of Marmara Region of Turkey and with an area of 300 km2 is situated in the province of Balıkesir. An ethnobotanical survey was undertaken during 2004–2006. 119 people from 7 villages in Kapıdağ Peninsula were interviewed in this study. Being evaluated, the information obtained about the use of plants was classified as medicinal (44 taxa belonging to 33 families), food (40 taxa belonging to 21 families), dye (4 taxa belonging to 4 families), fuel (4 taxa belonging to 4 families), ornamental (5 taxa belonging to 5 families) and other purposes (12 taxa belonging to 11 families). In all 88 taxa belonging to total 47 plant families were evaluated ethnobotanically