PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK OLAHAN BUAH KARIKA SEBAGAI PENUNJANG EKONOMI MASYARAKAT TENGGERTOSARI JAWA TIMUR

Abstrak: Buah Karika memiliki persebaran habitat yang sempit, hanya mampu tumbuh di daerah pegunungan dengan suhu rendah. Buah ini mampu tumbuh dengan baik di Tengger, sehingga sangat sesuai untuk dibudidayakan di Tosari. Keinginan warga untuk bisa mengolah Karika menjadi produk olahan pangan bernilai ekonomi sangat tinggi, dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan value added. Salah satunya adalah Komunitas Baladaun Mertasari yaitu kelompok masyarakat yang melakukan pengolahan buah karikadan merupakan mitra dalam Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) ini. Baladaun biasanya mengolah buah karika menjadi manisan karika dalam sirup. Banyak kendala yang dihadapi Baladaun dalam mengolah karika, yaitu, dalam proses produksi, ijin produksi, pemasaran, pendidikan, lingkungan, pertanian, dan sosial. PKM ini dilakukan dalam rangka pengembangan produk olahan buah karika baik berupa olahan pangan maupun non pangan. Tujuan dari PKM ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan mitra dalam melakukan diversifikasi produk olahan buah karika, sehingga jenis produk olahan mitra semakin bertambah dan kualitasnya menjadi lebih baik. Metode yang digunakan meliputi observasi, Forum Group Discussion (FGD), Pelatihan, Seminar, Workshop, dan Pendampingan. Produk olahan berupa sirup, selai, permen jelly, dodol buah, dan sabun karika. Untuk menunjang keberlanjutan poduk, dalam kegiatan PKM ini ditunjang dengan kegiatan seminar bertema keamanan pangan, workshop pemasaran online, dan pendampingan pengurusan ijin produksi Pangan Industri Rumah Tangga (PIRT). Pelaksanaan pengabdian menggunakan pendekatan partisipasi kelompok. Hasil PKM yang telah dilaksanakan berupa peningkatan pengetahuan, keterampilan dan kualitas produk mitra yang diukur berdasarkan pengisian kuisioner oleh mitra, serta peningkatan jenis produk yang tadinya hanya satu produk menjadi 6 produk. Abstract: Karika fruit has a narrow distribution habitat, only able to grow in mountainous areas with low temperatures. This fruit is able to grow well in Tengger, so it is very suitable for cultivation in Tosari. Citizens are able to process Karika into processed food products with very high economic value, with the aim of increasing added value. One of them is the Baladaun Mertasari Community, a community group that processes karika fruit, and is a partner in this Community Partnership Program Baladauns usually process karika fruit into karika sweets in syrup. Many ngehap related to Baladaun in cultivating karika, namely in the production process, production permits, marketing, education, environment, agriculture, and social. This PKM is carried out in the context of developing karika fruit processed products in the form of processed food and non-food products. The purpose of this PKM is to increase the knowledge and skills of partners in diversifying karika fruit processed products, so that the types of processed products of partners are increasing and the quality is better. The methods used include observation, FGD, training, seminars, workshops, and mentoring. Processed products are syrup, jam, jelly candy, fruit lunkhead, and karika soap. To support the sustainability of products, this PKM activity is supported by seminars on the theme of food safety, online marketing workshops, and assistance in obtaining a Home Industry Food production permit (PIRT). The implementation of the service uses a group participation approach. The results of the PKM that have been implemented are in the form of increased knowledge, skills and product quality as measured by filling out questionnaires by partners, as well as increasing types of products from only one product to 6 products

ANALISA FUNGSI PRODUKSI DAN EFISIENSI TEKNIK PADA USAHATANI JAGUNG

Komoditas j agung ( Zea mays )  merupakan salah satu komoditas strate gis  karena merupakan bahan makanan penghasil karbohidrat kedua setelah padi.  Permasalahan utama dalam usahatani jagung adalah rendahnya produksi jagung  karena kepemilikan luas lahan yang terbatas oleh petani , penggunaan benih yang  berlebihan, penggunaan pupuk yang berlebihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk:  (1) Menganalisis faktor - faktor produksi yang mempengaruhi tingkat produksi  pada usahatani jagung, dan (2) Menganalisis tingkat efisiensi penggunaan  faktor - faktor prod uksi pada usahatani jagung. Berdasakan hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan, maka hasil yang diperoleh  dari penelitian ini, faktor produksi yang berpengaruh nyata pada usahatani  jagung adalah luas lahan, benih, dan pupuk kandang. Pengukuran efisiensi  menggunakan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) menunjukkan bahwa  usahatani jagung di daerah penelitian belum mampu mencapai performansi  tingkat efisiensi yang  full - efisien secara teknis, karena rata - rata efisiensi teknis  yang dicapai sebesar 87 %, dengan kisa ran  antara 40,3% hingga  100%. Nilai  inefisiensi teknis rata - rata adalah sebesar 13%. Hal ini mengindikasikan  masih  adanya peluang bagi petani jagung untuk untuk meningkatkan hasil produksinya  dengan mengoptimalkan faktor - faktor produksi yang dimiliki.

ANALISIS DIVERSIFIKASI PENDAPATAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI

The purpose of this study is to,(1) To analyze the level of diversification of farm household incom e. (2) Analyze the factors that influence the allocation of non -agricultural em ploym ent in the sector. (3) Analyze the factors that affect em ploym ent opportunities in nonagricultural sector.(4) Analyzing the distribution of farm household incom e. (5) Analyzing the impact of policies increased by 10% of land area, the improvem ent of education head of household by 10 %, non-farm incom e increased by 20%, increase in total non-farm time allocation by 20%, and decreased total time allocation of farm by 15%. The results obtained from the study are as follow s: 1. The average household incom e of farmers in Patuk Baran derived from non-farm activities is much higher than from farming activities, am ounting to Rp 7,010,566 for an average farm incom e per year and $ 13,116,220 for an average incom e of non - farm per year. 2. Factors that significantly affect incom e diversification seen from the allocation of work in the agricultural sector is the head of ho usehold educati on, land area and age of head of household. 3. Factors that affect the em ploym ent opportunities in agriculture, of labor activity in trade is the total time allocation of farm and labor force in the fam ily. To work activities are broad areas of service and age of head of fam ily land. While on work activities rem ittance is head of the fam ily and education on the activities of field workers are working in the fam ily labor force, ed ucation head of household, land area and consum ption. 4. Based on the gini index value of 0.4079 which is still far from one and the Lorenz curve that is close to 45o line and not too convex, then the distribution of incom e in Ham let Patuk Baran evenly. 5. The impact of increased education head of household by 10%, causing an increas e in non-farm incom e, ie incom e trading, services, and labor as well as low er farm receipts. Increased non - farm incom e by 20% impact on increasing trade and services revenue, this policy aims to increase the am ount of em ploy ment or new em ploym ent opportuni ties in rural areas. While the impact of increasing the total time allocation of non -farm non-agricultural sector led to rising incom es Last is the impact of the decline in total time of farming led to declining farm revenues.

PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN PESISIR MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN DAN PENGUATAN PEREKONOMIAN BERBASIS KOMODITAS LOKAL

Coastal life is always characterized by poor people with a less stable economy. This is inversely proportional to marine resources that are filled with the wealth of fish and other biota. In addition to this, women's participation is still very minimal in managing existing resources. The existing reality shows that the ability, quality and productivity of women in the management of economic commodities keep the population around the coast still poor and underdeveloped. Local wisdom as an existing capital can provide an alternative alternative empowerment to be more targeted, so it needs to get more attention. Jarangan Village is one of the suppliers and producers of milkfish in Pasuruan, but unfortunately it is still constrained by the processing of milkfish itself. During this time milkfish are only sold in fresh form even though there are those that sell in the form of processed and made into crackers but are still constrained in production and marketing that cannot be continuous because they only produce when there are orders. It is expected that by providing training on various processed products from milkfish, one of them is the practice of making sticks and ice cream from milkfish can provide additional income for the people on Pasuruan's coast, especially for mothers in the village of Jarangan itself. The expected impact itself can help their household economy with productive businesses

ANALISIS KELAYAKAN BUDIDAYA APEL ( MALUS SYLVESTRIS MILL ) DI DESA BULUKERTO, KECAMATAN BUMIAJI , KOTA BATU

Apel merupakan tanaman buah tahunan yang berasal dari daerah Asia Barat  dengan iklim sub tropis. Prospek budidaya apel maupun bisnis penjualan dan  pengolahan hasil produk olahan apel di Malang sangat menggiurkan .  Penelitian  ini bertujuan u ntuk  menganalisis kelayakan usaha buah apel di Desa  Bulukerto  Kecamatan Bumiaji Kota Batu. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kelayakan finansial,  da pat disimpulkan bahwa usahatani  apel layak untuk dikemb angkan dengan nilai  NPV sebesar  Rp  227. 903.568 ,  IRR sebesar 18%, Net B/C sebesar 2,97, dan  jangka wak tu pengembalian biaya investasi  yang diperlukan adalah 8 tahun 8  bulan. Sedangkan dari has il analisis sensitivitas, dapat  disimpulkan bahwa pada  peningkatan biaya 30% usahatani apel  dinyatakan layak untuk dikembangkan.  Sedangkan anali sis sensitivitas pada penurunan  produksi sebesar 25 % dan 30%  menunjukkan bahwa usahat ani apel tidak layak  untuk dikembangkan. Batas  peningkatan biaya produksi usaha tani apel yang dapat  ditoleransi adalah 40% dan  batas penurunan produksi usah a tani apel yang dapat  ditoleransi adalah 20%. Pada  kedua kondisi tersebut  usahatani apel masih  mampu menghasilkan NPV positif,  Net B/C=1 d an IRR= tingkat suku bunga yang  diisyaratkan (7%)

Efisiensi teknis usahatani kentang pada luas lahan yang berbeda di kabupaten Pasuruan

Potatoes are upland vegetable crops, which is the superior plant of Tosari District, Pasuruan Regency. Tosari potatoes are the largest contributor to production in East Java. The farmer profession is the main profession in this area, inherited from the family. The land area owned is inherited from the family. The agricultural land area varies, but still found farmers with a land area of more than one hectare. In this study, respondents were divided into two groups, namely farmers with a land area of ≥ 1 hectare called cluster I and respondent farmers with a land area of ≤ 0.5 hectares called cluster II. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of production inputs on potato production, to analyze the level of technical efficiency of potato farmers with different land areas, to analyze the factors affecting the level of technical efficiency. The study was conducted by interviewing 49 respondent farmers in Cluster I and 70 respondent farmers in Cluster II. This study uses the Cobb Douglas production function, the analytical methods used are the Stochastic Analysis Frontier (SFA) and the Tobit regression analysis. The results showed that the production inputs that had a significant effect on production in cluster I were seeds, fertilizers, and manure, while in cluster II were fertilizers and pesticides. The level of technical efficiency of farmers who have a land area of ≥ 1 hectare is greater than farmers with a land area of ≤0.5 hectares. The land area has a significant effect on the level of technical efficiency