Verified Trust: Reciprocity, Altruism, and Noise in Trust Games

Behavioral economists have come to recognize that reciprocity, the interaction of trust and trustworthiness, is a distinct and economically relevant component of individual preferences alongside selfishness and altruism. This recognition is principally due to observed decisions in experimental "trust games". However, recent research has cast doubt on the explanatory power of trust as a determinant of those decisions, suggesting that altruism may explain much of what "looks like" trust. Moreover, empirical tests for alternative behavioral determinants can be sensitive to experimental bias due to differences in protocols and framing. Therefore, we propose discriminatory tests for altruism and trust that can be based on within-treatment and within-subject comparisons, and we control for group attributes of experimental subjects. Our results support trust (i.e. expected reciprocation) as the dominant motivation for "trust like" decisions.reciprocity; altruism; trust game; experimental error

Connecting Language and Knowledge Bases with Embedding Models for Relation Extraction

This paper proposes a novel approach for relation extraction from free text which is trained to jointly use information from the text and from existing knowledge. Our model is based on two scoring functions that operate by learning low-dimensional embeddings of words and of entities and relationships from a knowledge base. We empirically show on New York Times articles aligned with Freebase relations that our approach is able to efficiently use the extra information provided by a large subset of Freebase data (4M entities, 23k relationships) to improve over existing methods that rely on text features alone

The aspiring men of Punch : patrolling the boundaries of the Victorian gentleman

In the mid 1830s, the engraver Ebenezer Landells and the journalist Henry Mayhew began discussions about establishing a satirical news magazine together. Landells and Mayhew wanted to create a London version of the contemporary Paris Charivari. Their aspirations were realized with the printing and circulation of the first issue of Punch on July 17, 1841; Punch was published continually for more than a century and a half from that time on. However, by the mid 1850s, the more radical ideas that had initially dominated Punch were stripped away and replaced with a more respectable worldview under the direction of the editor, Mark Lemon. The increased emphasis on respectability in Punch can be explained by the desire of the Punch men to be recognized as gentlemen. The status of gentleman was much sought after in Victorian Britain, with the result that the varying definitions of this status were heavily contested. Although journalists had not frequently been recognized as gentlemen before, the efforts of William Makepeace Thackeray (a Punch man) to change the definitional terms of ‘the gentleman’ made this possible. Based on Thackeray’s understanding of the gentleman, the Punchites used Punch magazine, and their commentary on morality, social class, and fads in Victorian men’s fashion within it, to further both a shift in the popular understanding of the gentleman and their recognition as such

The Evolving Role of the External Search Firm in the Canadian Decanal Search

Despite the critical role academic deans play in the leadership and success of universities, most of what we know about the Canadian deanship we know from an  institutional perspective, including our understanding of the recruitment and selec-tion process. The findings presented in this article will facilitate a better understanding of how the increased involvement of external search firms in decanal searches has influenced both the decanal search process and the experiences of those candidates involved in the search. Provosts, deans, and search firm representatives participated in this study. The resultant findings have several important implications for search policy and process, and the conceptual framework proposed will support new research in the area of senior administrative hiring within Canadian universities.Malgré le rôle essentiel que jouent les doyens d’université dans le leadership et la réussite des universités, la plupart de nos connaissances sur le décanat au Canada sont issues d’une perspective institutionnelle, y compris notre compréhension du processus de recrutement et de sélection. Les résultats présentés dans cet article permettront de mieux comprendre comment la participation accrue des agences de recrutement externes a influencé à la fois le processus de recrutement et l’expérience des candidats. Des vice-recteurs, des doyens et des représentants d’agences de recrutement ont participé à cette étude. Les résultats ont plusieurs implications importantes pour la politique et le processus de recherche, et le cadre conceptuel proposé soutiendra de nouvelles recherches dans le domaine de l’embauche de cadres supérieurs dans les universités canadiennes

LET THE DEANS SPEAK: DECANAL PERCEPTIONS OF INSTITUTIONAL RECRUITMENT PRACTICES

In spite of the critical role academic deans play in universities (Del Favero, 2006; Dunning, Durham, Aksu, & Lange, 2007; Jackson, 2004), most of what we know about the Canadian deanship we know from an institutional perspective, including our understanding of the recruitment and selection process (Lavigne, 2018). This study explores how successful decanal candidates experience their recruitment processes, how these experiences inform their decision making within that process, and how the process can be improved to support the success of a new dean. Multiperspectival Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to gather data about the recruitment process from a variety of directly related groups. Provosts, deans, and search firm representatives participated in this study. Each study participant had been involved in a recent decanal recruitment and selection process in one form or another. Eight of the 13 participants were sitting deans. Participants all agreed that the search firm is central to the experience of candidates in a decanal search. Provosts, search firm representatives, and candidates alike confirmed that one of the firm’s most important roles, in addition to their support of the search committee in the first stages of position profile and job description development, is initial outreach to candidates. Provosts also highlighted the important role of the search committee, although deans and search firm representatives did not always agree. Search politics, and their influence on the conduct and experience of a search were highlighted in various forms by all participants. The pivotal role of the provost was also noted. By expanding upon Harvey et al.’s (2013) Reference Point Theory it became possible to further our understanding of how search firm representatives and other actors influence a decanal candidate’s decision making within a search. The resultant findings have several important implications for policy, practice, and theory. Given the importance candidates place on search firm representatives and the influence they have on the decisions candidates make within the search process, it is important for institutions to consider alignment between the philosophy of a firm and that of the hiring college, faculty, or wider institution. Institutions and provosts in particular also need to be sure that search firms have access to all of the details, pleasant or otherwise, about both the hiring college or faculty and the decanal position itself. A well-informed search firm representative can more accurately explain the position to candidates as they move through the search. A well-informed candidate can make better-informed decisions as part of that search. In future, including the perspectives of individuals beyond Western Canadian institutions would provide further insights into the decanal recruitment process on a national scale