The development of a risk-informed framework for the appraisal of drainage maintenance of ballasted railway track

Poor drainage of ballasted railway track can lead to a variety of issues, including flooding, accelerated track degradation and substructure failure. These issues in turn can result in unplanned track maintenance, imposition of speed restrictions, delay, safety issues and damage to third party property. However, despite the potential costly impacts of poor drainage, managing the maintenance of drainage assets is challenging because it involves the consideration of large interconnected networks of assets and maintenance budgets are often limited. To address these issues, this doctoral research develops a risk-informed tool that can be used by railway asset managers to facilitate the management of railway drainage assets. The tool incorporates an engineering model to help identify drainage associated risks and assign probabilities of occurrence to the risks, a cost model to determine the risk impacts, and an integrated model to determine risk values. The tool is demonstrated using data obtained from three sites on the UK railway network, namely, Ardsley Tunnel, Clay Cross Tunnel and Draycott. The analysis shows that the Clay Cross Tunnel had the highest failure risk and should be prioritised for maintenance over the other two sites. It was found that the required maintenance needs to focus on the risks associated with blocked of drainage assets due to vegetation overgrowth or lack of debris clean out. The tool offers ranges of risk values associated with inadequate drainage assets which are also affected by the occurrence of causal events. These events can be categorized into a variety of contributing factors including environment, design, component (material) deterioration, installation, maintenance, traffic, and land use. The research shows that the developed risk-informed approach is suitable for identifying and quantifying the risks associated with the drainage of ballasted railway track, even when there is a paucity of data. The approach therefore provides the railway drainage engineer with a means for arguing for funds and rational and transparent tool for prioritising the preventive maintenance of drainage assets at greatest failure risk

Preferensi Warga Kota Bandar Lampung Terhadap Angkutan Umum

Pemberlakuan tarif sangat murah belum mampu menarik minat masyarakat untuk memanfaatkannya. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tarif bukan merupakan faktor penentu minat masyarakat terhadap angkutan umum. Faktor pendorong minat masyarakat Bandar Lampung terhadap angkutan umum diteliti dengan menggunakan metode Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Instrument penelitian berupa kuesioner dengan pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang disusun berdasarkan pendekatan teoritis dan disajikan dalam Google Form. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah bahwa variabel minat adalah variabel laten yang dapat diukur melalui faktor-faktor yang menimbulkan minat itu sendiri. Penelitian dilakukan di Kota Bandar Lampung terhadap masyarakat pada rentang umur 15-60 tahun. Sampel diambil secara accidental random sampling. Kuisioner disebarkan melalui aplikasi perpesanan WhatsApp. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 348 responden untuk mewakili populasi 785.450 jiwa dengan taraf kesalahan sebesar 5%. Hasil kuisioner diestimasi dengan alat bantu AMOS 23 (trial version). Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa faktor penarik berupa perbaikan dalam kemudahan menjangkau layanan, memperbaiki pelayanan angkutan umum, dan menyediakan sistem pembayaran yang terintegrasi adalah faktor yang paling dominan dalam menentukan minat masyarakat untuk beralih ke angkutan umum. Dari hasil tersebut diajukan rekomendasi untuk memperbaiki faktor-faktor penarik untuk menarik minat masyarakat beralih ke angkutan umum yaitu dengan memperbaiki keterjangkauan, memperbaiki pelayanan angkutan umum, dan menyediakan sistem pembayaran yang terintegrasi

Evidence on Impact Evaluation of Road Transport Networks using Network Theory

The development of network theory has resulted in a growing understanding of the topological properties of transport networks. This has led to knowledge on how network indicators relate to the performance of a network, their wider socio-economic impacts and insights about how networks can best be extended. It has also provided transport planners with an insight into traffic flow, travel demand, centrality and connectivity of transport networks. This rapid evidence-review summarises literature (1999-2019) that have used network theory to evaluate the impact evaluation of road networks, it also presents the technological advancements in network theory. The identified studies outline the beneficial impacts of road networks on the economy, how connectivity can be improved to improve network resilience, reliability, performance and reduce maintenance costs. A number of studies describe how networks can be designed to reduce the impact on the environment. However, with the exception of only three studies i.e Kumar and Kumar (1999), Vasas and Magura et al. (2009) and Walker et al. (2013), the impacts are not quantified. The magnitude of the impact, for a particular network, is a function of the type of model used. As studies could not be found where different models have been used to assess similar impacts, it was not possible to compare numerically the impacts of different model types. Enhancements to network theory have focused on (i) developing new measures and indicators to assess connectivity, vulnerability and economic impact of transport networks, (ii) applying weightages to nodes and links to evaluate economic and ecological impacts and (iii) developing multiple layers within the network models for better spatial analysis. Recent studies have also expanded network theory and integrated it with risk modelling and probabilistic methodologies to identify vulnerable or critical elements within a given transport network

Kajian Tekno Ekonomi pada Pembangunan Jalur Ganda Rel Kereta Api Segmen Tanjungkarang-Kotabumi di Provinsi Lampung

Provinsi Lampung merupakan daerah yang memiliki frekuensi kereta api yang cukup padat. Untuk meningkatkan pelayanan KA, pemerintah berencana meningkatkan fasilitas melalui pembangunan segmen Tanjungkarang-Kotabumi. Sebelum masuk ke tahap pembangunan tentunya harus ada analisis kelayakan terlebih dahulu baik dari aspek kelayakan ekonomi maupun finansial. Hal tersebut dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui apakah jalur ganda ini layak atau tidak dilanjutkan ke tahap selanjutnya. Penelitian ini menitikberatkan pada kajian tekno ekonomi dengan menggunakan parameter NPV, IRR dan BCR sehingga dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa pengembalian modal pada pembangunan jalur ganda ini berkisar antara 7 dan 13 tahun. Kajian ini dimulai dari mengumpulkan data, kemudian menghitung estimasi biaya proyek, lalu analisis data dan dilanjutkan pada analisis kelayakan ekonomi dan finansial sehingga menghasilkan 12 skenario dengan berbagai asumsi. Dari 12 skenario didapatkan hasil terbaik pada skenario optimis 4 dengan asumsi nilai tingkat inflasi 3%, dan Track Access Charges 40% menunjukkan nilai NPV, IRR, dan BCR sebesar Rp23.572.331.832.990; 26,03%; dan 4,40. Dari 12 skenario telah menunjukkan bahwa semuanya telah mencapai syarat layak ekonomi dan finansial yaitu NPV>0, IRR>Rate of Return, dan BCR>1 dan dinyatakan bahwa proyek pembangunan jalur ganda rel kereta api Tanjungkarang-Kotabumi ini layak dilanjutkan ke tahap DED karena memberikan kontribusi besar untuk negara

Lessons from Road Safety Research and Policy Engagement in Pakistan, Nepal, Tanzania

DFID invests in research on transport infrastructure to promote knowledge on cross-cutting issues, such as road safety, and to influence standards and practices across the sector. This rapid desk based study provides lessons from DFID funded road safety research and policy engagement in Pakistan, Nepal and Tanzania. To this end, this report considers recent projects/studies published post-2005 only. DFID also has a number of initiatives linked to developing the capacity building of national governments to make greater use of research findings in road safety. For example, the Global Road Safety Facility has developed new standards and approaches to road safety issues, influencing both the World Bank (which in 2015 made road safety a mandatory component of all road projects) and partner country governments. Furthermore, the Independent Commission for Aid Impact (ICAI) has reported positive impacts on road safety standards and practices through DFID investments in road safety projects. The Research for Community Access Partnership (RECAP) is developing low-cost solutions for rural roads, and we found evidence of uptake of new road standards by national governments. Broadly the reports examined showed that all DFID funded projects have been generally successful in improving road safety, while providing recommendations and identifying associated challenges in Pakistan, Nepal and Tanzania

Kewirausahaan Kaum Muda Daerah 3T (Terdepan-Terluar-Tertinggal) berbasis Ekologi dalam Minat dan Intensinya

Secara khusus tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pemahaman kaum muda dalam pengelolaan sampah organik skala rumah tangga menjadi produk bernilai jual dan mengetahui determinan minat berwirausaha berbasis ekologi kaum muda daerah 3T (Terdepan, Terluar, Tertinggal) dalam mengimplementasikan tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Masalah yang dihadapi adalah bagaimana menumbuhkan minat berwirausaha kaum muda, kondisi sampah organik rumah tangga yang dibuang sia-sia, dan tingginya penggunaan pupuk kimia. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah kaum muda daerah 3T dengan latar belakang keluarga petani bukan sebagai wirausaha. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan rancangan project based learning. Obyek penelitian bersifat purposefully select dengan teknik pengumpulan data Focus Group Discussion (FGD), wawancara terbuka, observasi partisipatif dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi data. Faktor yang menpengaruhi minat berwirausaha adalah faktor kepribadian, faktor sosiologis dan faktor lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa minat dan intensi kewirausahaan ditentukan oleh kebebasan, self-efficacy, dan lebih banyak manfaat jika kita hanya karyawan, kreativitas. Wirausaha berbasis ekologi memiliki potensi yang menarik untuk dikembangkan, namun dalam proses produksinya ada kecenderungan para pemuda ini untuk tidak sabar (budaya instan) dalam menjalankannya dan masih kurang pengetahuan tentang cara mengemas dan memasarkan produk mereka dengan baik

Selection of the Use of Formwork in the Holiday Inn Bukit Randu Hotel Project Using the Fuzzy AHP Method

Along with the development of the construction world, formwork has also progressed from being assembled on site to being assembled first at the factory. In Indonesia, many types of formwork have been used, which each have their own advantages and disadvantages. In selecting the type of formwork used, many factors or criteria need to be considered. The purpose of this study is to determine the type of formwork that is relatively best for use in the Holiday Inn Bukit Randu Hotel Project by calculating the weight of the criteria, sub criteria, and also the alternatives used using the Fuzzy AHP Method. Based on the criteria and alternatives that have been compiled by the researcher, as well as the analysis carried out using the Fuzzy AHP method, it is known that metal (system) formwork is the relatively best formwork with the largest final weight of 43.6%, while semi-system formwork with a final weight of 24, 6% and conventional formwork by 31.8%. However, after being reviewed based on the cost aspect, the semi-system formwork is the relatively best formwork to be used in the Holiday Inn Bukit Randu Hotel Project

Evidence of the Impact of Rural Road Investment on Poverty Reduction and Economic Development

This report provides a rapid review of some of the recently published evidence of the impact of such investment. This rapid evidence based assessment builds on the more thorough systematic review conducted by Hine et al. (2016) which found that published studies in general demonstrated a strong link between good access and indicators of socio- economic benefit. The findings of this rapid review confirm the earlier findings by Hine et al. (2016) and demonstrate positive impacts associated with increased income, poverty reduction, employment, agricultural output and sales, education, health, traffic volumes, transport services, transport costs and general economic indicators. In a number of the recent studies it was found that rural road investment encouraged structural transformations of villages by facilitating non-farm employment and enabling migration to urban areas. However, this did not necessarily translate into substantial increases in incomes. With increased interest in climate change a small but growing body of literature outlines the potential negative impacts of roads on forest cover and biodiversity, although it depends on the local context and type of road

Prediksi spasio temporal rob berbasis model LISFLOOD FP di Pesisir Jakarta.

Abstrak Jakarta khususnya daerah pesisir sangat rentan dengan adanya permasalahan lingkungan berupa rob. Pemetaan daerah yang berpotensi terdampak rob sangat diperlukan guna menyusun upaya mitigasi. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan prediksi tinggi muka laut dengan model Delft3D dan digunakan untuk memprediksi daerah tergenang rob menggunakan model LISFLOOD FP pada tanggal 18 – 20 November 2019 di pesisir Jakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prediksi tinggi muka laut memiliki akurasi yang baik, dengan koefisien korelasi pada tingkat kuat sebesar 0,93 dan nilai RMSE sebesar 0,13 meter. Sementara itu, prediksi rob model LISFLOOD FP menunjukkan luas maksimum yang terjadi 2 hingga 3 jam setelah fase puncak tinggi muka laut dan menggenangi 8 kecamatan di Jakarta Utara dan Jakarta Barat. Abstract Jakarta region especially the coastal areas are very vulnerable to environmental problems such as coastal inundation. Mapping of areas potentially affected by coastal inundation is needed to arrange mitigation efforts. In this study, sea level prediction was estimated using the Delft3D model and used to predict coastal inundation areas using the LISFLOOD FP model on 18-20 November 2019 on the coast of Jakarta. The results showed that the sea-level prediction model has good accuracy, with a correlation coefficient at a strong level of 0.92 and an RMSE error value of 0.13 meters. Meanwhile, coastal inundation prediction from the LISFLOOD FP model inundated 8 sub-districts in North Jakarta and West Jakarta and showed the maximum area in 2 to 3 hours after the peak phase of sea level.