Fingerprints of entangled states in reactions with rare isotopes

We study the presence of entangled states of nucleon pairs from nuclear decays and in reactions with exotic nuclei, e.g., 11Li, or 6He. It is shown that the fingerprints of entangled states in these subsystems are visible in correlation measurements and can be accessed with present experimental techniques. This shows that not only atomic and optical systems, but also nuclear systems serve as important tools to obtain dichotomic outcomes for tests of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Journal of Physics

Weakly screened thermonuclear reactions in astrophysical plasmas: Improving Salpeter's model

This paper presents a detailed study of the electron degeneracy and nonlinear screening effects which play a crucial role in the validity of Salpeter's weak-screening model. The limitations of that model are investigated and an improved one is proposed which can take into account nonlinear screening effects. Its application to the solar pp reaction derives an accurate screening enhancement factor and provides a very reliable estimation of the associated neutrino flux uncertanties.Comment: 23 RevTex pages + 4 ps figures. (No revision,just adding URL link). Accepted for publication in Europ.Phys.J.A. See http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/10105/index.ht

Electric Dipole Moments and the Mass Scale of New T-Violating, P-Conserving Interactions

We consider the implications of experimental limits on the permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) of the electron and neutron for possible new parity-conserving (PC) time-reversal violating (TV) interactions. We show that the constraints derived from one-loop contributions to the EDM exceed previously reported two-loop limits by more than an order of magnitude and imply a lower bound on the new TVPC mass scale \lamtv of 100 TeV for new TVPC strong interactions. These results imply a value of $10^{-15}$ or smaller for the ratio of low-energy TVPC matrix elements to those of the residual strong interaction.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures. To appear in PR

Binary hard-sphere fluids near a hard wall

By using the Rosenfeld density functional we determine the number density profiles of both components of binary hard-sphere fluids close to a planar hard wall as well as the corresponding excess coverage and surface tension. The comparison with published simulation data demonstrates that the Rosenfeld functional, both its original version and sophistications thereof, is superior to previous approaches and exhibits the same excellent accuracy as known from studies of the corresponding one-component system

Transfer matrices for scalar fields on curved spaces

We apply Nelson's technique of constructing Euclidean fields to the case of classical scalar fields on curved spaces. It is shown how to construct a transfer matrix and, for a class of metrics, the basic spectral properties of its generator are investigated. An application concerning decoupling of non-convex disjoint region is given.Comment: 11 pages, no figur

ON A DYNAMICAL MODEL OF GLASSES

We analyze a simple dynamical model of glasses, based on the idea that each particle is trapped in a local potential well, which itself evolves due to hopping of neighbouring particles. The glass transition is signalled by the fact that the equilibrium distribution ceases to be normalisable, and dynamics becomes non-stationary. We generically find stretching of the correlation function at low temperatures and a Vogel-Fulcher like behaviour of the terminal time.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures (available upon request

Radiative Generation of Leptonic CP Violation

Three CP-violating phases of the $3\times 3$ lepton flavor mixing matrix $V$ are entangled with one another in the renormalization-group evolution from the seesaw scale ($\Lambda_{\rm SS} \sim 10^{14}$ GeV) to the electroweak scale ($\Lambda_{\rm EW} \sim 10^2$ GeV). Concerning the Dirac phase $\delta$, we show that $\delta =90^\circ$ at $\Lambda_{\rm EW}$ can be radiatively generated from $\delta =0^\circ$ at $\Lambda_{\rm SS}$ in the minimal supersymmetric standard model, if three neutrino masses are nearly degenerate. As for the Majorana phases $\rho$ and $\sigma$, it is also possible to radiatively generate $\rho =90^\circ$ or $\sigma = 90^\circ$ at $\Lambda_{\rm EW}$ from $\rho =0^\circ$ or $\sigma = 0^\circ$ at $\Lambda_{\rm SS}$. The one-loop renormalization-group equations for the Jarlskog invariant and two off-diagonal asymmetries of $V$ are derived, and their running behaviors from $\Lambda_{\rm SS}$ to $\Lambda_{\rm EW}$ are numerically illustrated.Comment: RevTex 20 pages, 5 figures. More discussions added. Phys. Rev. D (in press