Comparación de dos morfotipos de Zuccagnia punctata (Fabaceae) en los Valles Calchaquíes en Argentina

Zuccagnia punctata Cav. (Fabaceae) is a medicinal aromatic shrub, a monotypic species with a wide distribution in Argentina. Two morphotypes were found in Valles Calchaquíes, one with yellow fruits (YF) and other with red-brown fruits (RBF). The color of fruits varies between individuals within a population, with some plants producing red-brown fruits and other yellow fruits. The cytogenetic differentiation was determined using root tips. Leaves and fruits were used to analyze chemical composition by HPLC-DAD and HPLC/MS/MS. The number of chromosome (2n = 24) was reported for the first time for the genus. The yellow fruits and red-brown fruits morphotypes showed different karyotypes. The compounds common to both morphotypes were identified in leaves and fruits as chalcones, compounds with biological activity and biomarkers used for quality control of Z. punctata products. Two chemotypes related to the color of the fruits, were detected. An anthocyanin, cyanidin 3-glucoside was found in red-brown fruits (4.75 mg.g-1 fruits) but not in yellow fruits. These is the first report on yellow fruits morphotype of Z. punctata and on presence of anthocyanins in Z. punctata red-brown fruits morphotype. This work contributes to the knowledge of Z. punctata, a native plant from Argentina with high economic potential to promote the regional economy.Zuccagnia punctata Cav. (Fabaceae) es un arbusto aromático medicinal monotípico con amplia distribución en Argentina. En los Valles Calchaquíes se encontraron dos morfotipos, uno con frutos amarillos y otro con frutos marrón rojizo. El color de los frutos varía entre individuos de una misma población, observándose plantas que tienen frutos de color marrón rojizo y otras con frutos de color amarillo. La diferenciación citogenética fue determinada usando puntas de raíces mientras que las hojas y frutos se usaron para analizar la composición química por HPLC-DAD y HPLC/MS/MS. Se informó por primera vez el número cromosómico (2n = 24) para el género Zuccagnia. Ambos morfotipos mostraron diferentes cariotipos. Se identificaron chalconas como compuestos comunes en las hojas y frutos de ambos morfotipos. Las chalconas son consideradas biomarcadores en el control de calidad de productos a base de Z. punctata. Se detectaron dos quimiotipos relacionados al color de los frutos. La antocianina, cianidin 3-glucosido se encontró en frutos marrón rojizos (4.75 mg.g-1 fruto) pero no en frutos amarillos. Este es el primer informe sobre un morfotipo de Z. punctata con frutos amarillos y sobre la presencia de antocianinas en el morfotipo de frutos rojos. Este trabajo contribuye al conocimiento de Z. punctata, una planta nativa de Argentina con alto potencial económico para promover el desarrollo regional.Fil: Álvarez, María A.. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Correa Uriburu, Florencia Maria. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Barrera, María Celina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Enrico, Roxana Judith. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Andrada, Aldo Rubén. Instituto de Genetica y Microbiologia ; Direccion de Biologia Integrativa ; Fundacion Miguel Lillo;Fil: Silenzi Usandivaras, Gabriela M.. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; Argentina. Instituto de Genetica y Microbiologia ; Direccion de Biologia Integrativa ; Fundacion Miguel Lillo;Fil: Páez, Valeria A.. Instituto de Genetica y Microbiologia ; Direccion de Biologia Integrativa ; Fundacion Miguel Lillo;Fil: Caro, María S.. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; Argentina. Instituto de Genetica y Microbiologia ; Direccion de Biologia Integrativa ; Fundacion Miguel Lillo;Fil: Zampini, Iris Catiana. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Isla, Maria Ines. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; Argentin

Exomorfología y anatomía de órganos vegetativos aéreos en especies de Flourensia DC. (Asteraceae) con importancia fitoquímica

El género Flourensia DC. es americano y comprende 32 especies. Son arbustos resinosos utilizados en medicina popular; poseen un potencial valor económico, por lo que, en algunas especies representantes, se han caracterizado sus compuestos químicos y determinado algunos posibles usos. En el presente trabajo, se estudió la exomorfología y anatomía de órganos vegetativos de F. hirta S. F. Blake, F. leptopoda S. F. Blake, F. niederleinii S. F. Blake y F. tortuosa Griseb., especies endémicas del centro de Argentina. Se observó que todas son similares en cuanto a la anatomía de hoja y tallo. En cuanto al estudio de la epidermis foliar, se concluye que es posible diferenciar las especies teniendo en cuenta la frecuencia estomática y la presencia de tricomas. Finalmente, las diferencias más notables se encontraron en la exomorfología foliar ya que se observó una gran variación en cuanto a la forma de las hojas y tamaño de las láminas y pecíolos. Con respecto a las estructuras secretoras, se encontraron tricomas y conductos secretores esquizógenos en las hojas y los tallos de todas las especies, las cuales serían responsables de la producción y secreción de las resinas.The genus Flourensia DC. is American and comprises 32 species. They are resiniferous shrubs used in folk medicine. As they have potential economic value, its chemical compounds have been characterized and some possible uses identified. In this work, the exomorphology and anatomy of vegetative organs of F. hirta S. F. Blake, F. leptopoda S. F. Blake, F. niederleinii S. F. Blake and F. tortuosa Griseb., endemic species from central Argentina, have been studied. All species are similar in leaf and stem anatomy. Regarding the epidermis, it is possible to differentiate the species according to the stomatal frequency and the presence of trichomes. Finally, the most remarkable differences were found in leaf exomorphology, since there was a large variation in shape and size of blades and petioles. Concerning the secretory structures, trichomes and secretory ducts were found in the leaves and stems of all species, which would be responsible for the production and secretion of the resins

Oncological outcome and patient satisfaction with skin-sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction: a prospective observational study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The management of early breast cancer (BC) with skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) and immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) is not based on level-1 evidence. In this study, the oncological outcome, post-operative morbidity and patients' satisfaction with SSM and IBR using the latissimus dorsi (LD) myocutaneous flap and/or breast prosthesis is evaluated.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>137 SSMs with IBR (10 bilateral) were undertaken in 127 consecutive women, using the LD flap plus implant (n = 85), LD flap alone (n = 1) or implant alone (n = 51), for early BC (n = 130) or prophylaxis (n = 7). Nipple reconstruction was performed in 69 patients, using the trefoil local flap technique (n = 61), nipple sharing (n = 6), skin graft (n = 1) and Monocryl mesh (n = 1). Thirty patients underwent contra-lateral procedures to enhance symmetry, including 19 augmentations and 11 mastopexy/reduction mammoplasties. A linear visual analogue scale was used to assess patient satisfaction with surgical outcome, ranging from 0 (not satisfied) to 10 (most satisfied).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>After a median follow-up of 36 months (range = 6-101 months) there were no local recurrences. Overall breast cancer specific survival was 99.2%, 8 patients developed distant disease and 1 died of metastatic BC. There were no cases of partial or total LD flap loss. Morbidities included infection, requiring implant removal in 2 patients and 1 patient developed marginal ischaemia of the skin envelope. Chemotherapy was delayed in 1 patient due to infection. Significant capsule formation, requiring capsulotomy, was observed in 85% of patients who had either post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMR) or prior radiotherapy (RT) compared with 13% for those who had not received RT. The outcome questionnaire was completed by 82 (64.6%) of 127 patients with a median satisfaction score of 9 (range = 5-10).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>SSM with IBR is associated with low morbidity, high levels of patient satisfaction and is oncologically safe for T(is), T1 and T2 tumours without extensive skin involvement.</p

Characteristics of Early-Onset vs Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Review.

The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (younger than 50 years) is rising globally, the reasons for which are unclear. It appears to represent a unique disease process with different clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics compared with late-onset colorectal cancer. Data on oncological outcomes are limited, and sensitivity to conventional neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy regimens appear to be unknown. The purpose of this review is to summarize the available literature on early-onset colorectal cancer. Within the next decade, it is estimated that 1 in 10 colon cancers and 1 in 4 rectal cancers will be diagnosed in adults younger than 50 years. Potential risk factors include a Westernized diet, obesity, antibiotic usage, and alterations in the gut microbiome. Although genetic predisposition plays a role, most cases are sporadic. The full spectrum of germline and somatic sequence variations implicated remains unknown. Younger patients typically present with descending colonic or rectal cancer, advanced disease stage, and unfavorable histopathological features. Despite being more likely to receive neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy, patients with early-onset disease demonstrate comparable oncological outcomes with their older counterparts. The clinicopathological features, underlying molecular profiles, and drivers of early-onset colorectal cancer differ from those of late-onset disease. Standardized, age-specific preventive, screening, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies are required to optimize outcomes

Post-Operative Functional Outcomes in Early Age Onset Rectal Cancer

Background: Impairment of bowel, urogenital and fertility-related function in patients treated for rectal cancer is common. While the rate of rectal cancer in the young (&lt;50 years) is rising, there is little data on functional outcomes in this group. Methods: The REACCT international collaborative database was reviewed and data on eligible patients analysed. Inclusion criteria comprised patients with a histologically confirmed rectal cancer, &lt;50 years of age at time of diagnosis and with documented follow-up including functional outcomes. Results: A total of 1428 (n=1428) patients met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final analysis. Metastatic disease was present at diagnosis in 13%. Of these, 40% received neoadjuvant therapy and 50% adjuvant chemotherapy. The incidence of post-operative major morbidity was 10%. A defunctioning stoma was placed for 621 patients (43%); 534 of these proceeded to elective restoration of bowel continuity. The median follow-up time was 42 months. Of this cohort, a total of 415 (29%) reported persistent impairment of functional outcomes, the most frequent of which was bowel dysfunction (16%), followed by bladder dysfunction (7%), sexual dysfunction (4.5%) and infertility (1%). Conclusion: A substantial proportion of patients with early-onset rectal cancer who undergo surgery report persistent impairment of functional status. Patients should be involved in the discussion regarding their treatment options and potential impact on quality of life. Functional outcomes should be routinely recorded as part of follow up alongside oncological parameters

Angiomiolipoma renal masivo como causa de sangrado retroperitoneal espontáneo Massive renal angyomiolipoma as a cause of spontaneous retroperitoneal bleeding

Introducción: El angiomiolipoma (AML) es un tumor renal benigno, compuesto por una cantidad variable de tejido adiposo, músculo liso y vasos sanguíneos; que habitualmente crece dentro del espacio perinéfrico y suele complicarse con hemorragia intratumoral y menos frecuentemente perinéfrica y retroperitoneal, la cual se encuentra condicionada por el tamaño de la lesión. Objetivos: Evaluar dentro de las diferentes causas de sangrado retroperitoneal espontáneo al AML masivo, en confrontación con otras causas. Material y Métodos: Se estudiaron 3 pacientes con AML masivo previamente desconocidos y sangrado retroperitoneal. Dos de ellos fueron estudiados con resonancia magnética, en secuencias de T1 SE, T2 TSE con supresión grasa, T1 TSE con supresión grasa sin y con gadolinio. Uno fue estudiado con tomografía computada (TC) pre y post administración de contraste EV. Resultados: De los 3 pacientes estudiados, todos presentaron masas renales cuyos tamaños variaron entre 10 y 26 cm. de diámetro mayor, las cuales presentaron sangrado intratumoral y retroperitoneal de jerarquía. Conclusión: El AML masivo como causante de hemorragia retroperitoneal espontánea es por lo tanto una patología a tener en cuentaIntroduction: The angyomiolipoma (AML) is a benign renal tumor formed by a variable amount of adipose tissue, soft tissue and blood vessels; it generally grows within the perinephric space and it usually may complicate with intra-tumoral bleeding and less frequently with perinephric and retroperitoneal bleeding, which is conditioned by the size of the lesion. Objectives: To evaluate according to the different causes of spontaneous retroperitoneal bleeding the massive AML in contrast to other causes. Material and Methods: Three patients with massive AML who presented retroperitoneal bleeding were studied. Two of them were studied by MRI with T1 and T2 sequences, after and before the administration of gadolinium, with fat supression sequences. In one patient a computed tomography (CT) pre and post iv contrast was performed. Results: All of the three patients studied showed major renal masses with sizes varying from 10 to 24 cm, as well as significant intratumoral and retroperitoneal bleeding. Conclusion: Massive AML as a cause of spontaneous retroperitoneal bleeding is a pathology to be considered

Prosopis alba Seed as a Functional Food Waste for Food Formulation Enrichment

The present study describes how flour and phenolic enriched extracts (PEE) are obtained from seed (food waste) of 10 different P. alba (algarrobo blanco) clones and their characterization to be used as non-conventional sources of potential functional ingredients. Seed flour and PEE obtained from Argentinian P. alba cultivars were chemically characterized. The antioxidant capacity was also determined. The results showed variability in macronutrient composition of seed flour obtained from different clones. Among them, seed flour obtained from P4, P5, P6, P10, P12, and P13 clones showed a higher protein and fiber content than the other clones. On the other hand, PEE obtained from P6, P7, and P10 clones showed the highest content of phenolic component (7.32&ndash;8.58 mg GAE/g flour). The extracts obtained from them also showed high antioxidant activity (scavenging activity on ABTS&bull;+, HO&bull;, and H2O2). C-glycosyl flavones, including vicenin II, isoschaftoside, schaftoside, vitexin, and isovitexin were the major components extracted in all clones. These compounds have remarkable properties for disease prevention linked to oxidative stress. Therefore, the P. alba seed could be considered as functional food waste with a great potential to be used as a novel renewable and sustainable material for the production of bioactive food formulations