Interacción entre insectos perjudiciales y benéficos en el cultivo de tabaco de Misiones, Argentina

During the period between September of 1997 to march 1998, December of 1999 to July of 2000 , September of 2000 to April 2001 and finally from November of 2001 to April of 2002, different tobbaco fields were observed through tobbaco area in the province of Misiones (Argentina). The species Epitrix sp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Faustinus cubae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Myzus nicotiana y M. persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) were identified during this study, whose frecuencies and population growths had produced important damages. Sixteen species of natural enemies were detected in relation with those harmful insects, Cosmoclopius nigroannulatus, C. poecilus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and Cotesia sp.(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) had showed the widest distribution and frequency.Entre los períodos de septiembre de 1997 a marzo 1998, diciembre de 1999 a julio de 2000, septiembre 2000 a abril 2001 y de noviembre de 2001 a abril de 2002 se realizaron observaciones en lotes de tabaco distribuidos en la zona tabacalera de la Provincia de Misiones (Argentina). Las especies Epitrix sp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Faustinus cubae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Myzus nicotianae y M. persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) y Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae), fueron identificadas durante este estudio, cuyas frecuencias y aumentos poblacionales produjeron importantes daños. Se detectaron 16 especies de enemigos naturales en relación con esos insectos perjudiciales. Cosmoclopius nigroannulatus, C. poecilus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) y Cotesia sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) fueron las especies más destacadas en cuanto a su distribucion y frecuencia

Interacción entre insectos perjudiciales y benéficos en el cultivo de tabaco de misiones, Argentina

Entre los períodos de septiembre de 1997 a marzo 1998, diciembre de 1999 a julio de 2000, septiembre 2000 a abril 2001 y de noviembre de 2001 a abril de 2002 se realizaron observaciones en lotes de tabaco distribuidos en la zona tabacalera de la Provincia de Misiones (Argentina). Las especies Epitrix sp . (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) , Faustinus cubae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Myzus nicotianae y M. persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) y Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae), fueron identificadas durante este estudio, cuyas frecuencias y aumentos poblacionales produjeron importantes daños. Se detectaron 16 especies de enemigos naturales en relación con esos insectos perjudiciales. Cosmoclopius nigroannulatus , C. poecilus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) y Cotesia sp . (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) fueron las especies más destacadas en cuanto a su distribucion y frecuenci

Insights Into The Andean Genera Bridgesia And Guindilia (sapindaceae): An Integrated Approach

Sapindaceae s.l. is a moderately large family of trees, shrubs and lianas. The genera Bridgesia and Guindilia belong to the Thouinieae tribe; however, its circumscription to this tribe is in doubt. This work presents a comparative analysis of pollen morphology between species of both genera. They share the basic spherical tricolporate pollen type for the family, but the features studied do not characterize any of them. In addition, the work intends to characterize the karyotype and genome size evolution of both genera, and elucidate the phylogenetic relationships within the family through maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of the ITS, trnL and trnL-F sequences. Our results show two different patterns regarding karyotype data: Bridgesia presents 2n = 2x = 28, with metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes; the basic number of the genus, x = 14, is in agreement with the 25% of the chromosome numbers recorded in Sapindaceae. The genus Guindilia exhibits a basic number x = 10; of the three species G. cristata and G. trinervis present metacentric, submetacentric and subtelocentric chromosomes, whereas G. dissecta shows only metacentric and subtelocentric ones. In addition, G. cristata is a polyploid species, with DNA content exactly three-fold that of the diploid species, suggesting a recent event of polyploidization in this species. The infra-familial phylogenetic relationship and circumscription of both genera analysed here evidence that Bridgesia belongs to Paullinia group. The fact that Guindilia is grouped in a different clade encouraged us to propose a new informal tribal group, Guindilia group, in the current infrafamilial arrangement of Sapindaceae. ©, This article not subject to United States copyright law.14658359