Pensamiento Complejo, Bases Para Una Teoria Holistica De La Educacion Superior En El Rediseño Curricular/Complex Thinking, Bases for a Holistic Theory of Higher Education in Curricular Redesign

El objetivo del presente artículo, consiste en realizar una reflexión sobre la perspectiva epistemológica de la complejidad desde las perspectivas de las ciencias. En este sentido, se defiende que un enfoque holístico puede servir de ayuda activa en la enseñanza de la complejidad desde un enfoque crítico y reflexivo amparados en nuevos paradigmas. Después de la relación del pensamiento complejo y la perspectiva holística en el aprendizaje con la dimensión mente que piensa, mente que siente, y mente intuitiva en la educación, trazamos la posibilidad de configurar diseños curriculares de aprendizaje relacionalmente desde la reflexión teórica donde se destaca los nuevos contenidos y asignaturas y la teoría fundamentada en la praxis que radica, en identificar procesos sociales mediante la construcción de teoría a partir de la realidad objetiva. Terminamos formulando desde la perspectiva filosófica y desde la concepción de la realidad se desprende, metódicamente, tres tipos de formaciones profesionales integradas y simultáneas, a partir de las cuales los profesionales en formación adquieren conocimientos, valores y prácticas demostrables transversalmente, durante toda su formación. The objective of the present article consists of the analysis of the new paradigms of the holistic education and its repercussions on higher education defined by the complexity and multidisciplinary. In this sense it is argued that a holistic approach can serve as an active help in the teaching of complexity from a critical and reflexive approach supported by new paradigms. After the relation complex thought and the holistic perspective in learning with the dimension thinking mind, feeling mind and intuitive mind in education, we design the possibility of figuring out learning curricular designs rationally from the theoretical reflection where the new contents and subject matters are outstanding as well as the theory based on the praxis which leads to identify social processes through the construction of theory from objective reality. We conclude by formulating from the philosophical perspective and the reality conception methodically three types of integrated and simultaneous professional formations from which professionals in formation acquire knowledge, cross demonstrable practices and values during all their formation. Palabras claves: Pensamiento complejo, educación holística, cerebro triuno afecto, rediseño curricular. Keywords: Complex thought, holistic education, triune brain, curricular redesign

A decellularized and sterilized human meniscus allograft for off-the-shelf meniscus replacement

PURPOSE: Meniscus tears are one of the most frequent orthopedic knee injuries, which are currently often treated performing meniscectomy. Clinical concerns comprise progressive degeneration of the meniscus tissue, a change in knee biomechanics, and an early onset of osteoarthritis. To overcome these problems, meniscal transplant surgery can be performed. However, adequate meniscal replacements remain to be a great challenge. In this research, we propose the use of a decellularized and sterilized human meniscus allograft as meniscal replacement.METHODS: Human menisci were subjected to a decellularization protocol combined with sterilization using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2). The decellularization efficiency of human meniscus tissue was evaluated via DNA quantification and Hematoxylin &amp; Eosin (H&amp;E) and DAPI staining. The mechanical properties of native, decellularized, and decellularized + sterilized meniscus tissue were evaluated, and its composition was determined via collagen and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) quantification, and a collagen and GAG stain. Additionally, cytocompatibility was determined in vitro. RESULTS: Human menisci were decellularized to DNA levels of ~ 20 ng/mg of tissue dry weight. The mechanical properties and composition of human meniscus were not significantly affected by decellularization and sterilization. Histologically, the decellularized and sterilized meniscus tissue had maintained its collagen and glycosaminoglycan structure and distribution. Besides, the processed tissues were not cytotoxic to seeded human dermal fibroblasts in vitro.CONCLUSIONS: Human meniscus tissue was successfully decellularized, while maintaining biomechanical, structural, and compositional properties, without signs of in vitro cytotoxicity. The ease at which human meniscus tissue can be efficiently decellularized, while maintaining its native properties, paves the way towards clinical use.</p

Population, Land Use and Deforestation in the Pan Amazon Basin: a Comparison of Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú and Venezuela

This paper discusses the linkages between population change, land use, and deforestation in the Amazon regions of Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, and Venezuela. We begin with a brief discussion of theories of population–environment linkages, and then focus on the case of deforestation in the PanAmazon. The core of the paper reviews available data on deforestation, population growth, migration and land use in order to see how well land cover change reflects demographic and agricultural change. The data indicate that population dynamics and net migration exhibit to deforestation in some states of the basin but not others. We then discuss other explanatory factors for deforestation, and find a close correspondence between land use and deforestation, which suggests that land use is loosely tied to demographic dynamics and mediates the influence of population on deforestation. We also consider national political economic contexts of Amazon change in the six countries, and find contrasting contexts, which also helps to explain the limited demographic-deforestation correspondence. The paper closes by noting general conclusions based on the data, topics in need of further research and recent policy proposals.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/42720/1/10668_2003_Article_6977.pd

LOCAL INSTITUTIONAL LINKAGES IN FARMING SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION

The purpose of this paper is to present an approach for improving local level linkages among research and extension institutions in Botswana. The approach is used to strengthen the impact of FSR specifically' and agricultural development in general. The primary linkage mechanism has been the Regional Coordinating Committee (RCC), an informal body composed of representatives from a wide range of agricultural development oriented institutions. The paper discusses how these committees function, and type of research-extension collaboration that have stemmed from their work. The RCCs have also improved government-NGO collaboration and coordination, and most importantly a more effective delivery of information and services to farmers. An important factor explaining the RCCs' success is their bottom-up approach to coordination, which stands in contrast with largely unsuccessful efforts to mandate coordination from the centre