Absolute energy curves from late B-type supergiants

Energy curves were determined for six late B and early A type supergiants using IUE data and other ultraviolet and ground based photometry. Effective temperatures and angular diameters are presented as well as estimates of the outflow velocity of the wind. All six stars show a strong Balmer continuum in emission; the Ia supergiants also show an infrared excess which reaches into the visible range. Evidence is found for the presence of a warm mantle as well as for wind from the Ia stars

Photofluid Instabilities of Hot Stellar Envelopes

Beginning from a relatively simple set of dynamical equations for a fluid permeated by a radiative field strong enough to produce significant forces, we find the structure of plane-parallel equilibria and study their stability to small acoustic disturbances. In doing this, we neglect viscous effects and complications of nongreyness. We find that acoutic instabilities occur over a wide range of conditions below the Eddington limit. This result is in line with findings reported twenty years ago but it contradicts some more recent reports of the absence of instabilities. We briefly attempt to identify the causes of the discrepancies and then close with a discussion of the possible astrophysical interest of such instabilities.Comment: 10 pages, LaTeX, 5 postscript figures, to be published in Physics Report

Attitudes of advanced Australian medical oncology trainees to rural practice

Aim: To identify the views of medical oncology trainees regarding rural training posts and rural practice overall, and to identify factors that may improve recruitment. Methods: A questionnaire was posted to all advanced oncology trainees in Australia in June 2006. The trainees were questioned on the perceived advantages and disadvantages of rural practice, their experience during previous rural rotations and potential incentives and barriers in recruiting trainees and specialist oncologists to regional and rural centers. Results: There was a 60% response rate. Of all participants 58% had considered rural practice. Those with a rural family background were more likely to have considered rural practice. Attitudes based on responses to listed disadvantages and advantages of rural practice were heterogenous. Lifestyle factors seemed to be of particular importance. Although there were perceived deficiencies in opportunities for professional education in rural oncology rotations, 94% felt their rotation had been a positive experience overall and 62% were more likely to consider a rural career following their rural rotation. Improving locum cover for leave was seen as a potential incentive by 97% trainees. Conclusion: Despite positive attitudes towards rural practice, many barriers exist preventing recruitment of medical oncology trainees to rural areas, in particular lifestyle factors that are difficult to modify. Factors that can be improved include improving access to clinical trials, enabling access to locum cover. Educational opportunities for current rural trainees need to be improved. Further study into potential incentives to enhance rural recruitment is required

B Stars with and without emission lines, parts 1 and 2

The spectra for B stars for which emission lines occur not on the main sequence, but only among the supergiants, and those B stars for which the presence of emission in H ahlpa is considered to be a significant factor in delineating atmospheric structure are examined. The development of models that are compatible with all known facts about a star and with the laws of physics is also discussed

The Summer Standing Crop, Growth and Distribution of Chironomus plumosus, in Lake Itasca, Minnesota

During the period 15 June to 3 September 1965, 626 Ekman dredge hauls were made in Lake Itasca, Minnesota. The numbers and weights of Chironomus plumosus L. at 6 m, 7 m, 8 m, Siefert\u27s Hole (9.5 - l 0.4 m), and Peace Pipe Vista (11.5 - 13.7 m) depression were determined. In addition, the numbers and weights of several other benthic dipteran larvae, Cryptochironomus, Palpomyia, and Procladius, normal associates of C. plumosus, were determined. A loss of 98,407 larvae/ha/day occurred in the 6-9 m stratum during the 12 weeks. There was a decrease in numbers of larvae of 79.3% and 84% at Siefert\u27s Hole and Peace Pipe Vista depression, respectively. The summer decrease in biomass was 4.23 kg/ha/day in the 6-9 m stratum, 1.72 kg/ha/day in Siefert\u27s Hole, and 0.98 kg/ha/day in the Peace Pipe Vista depression. The individual larvae were gaining weight during the 12 week period when the biomass was decreasing. The ANOVA of numbers of larvae during the last seven weeks of the sampling period showed significant effects of depth and time on numbers, but no significant interaction. Fisher\u27s coefficient of dispersion was used to determine the distributional patterns of larvae al the various sampling depths; few collections varied significantly from random distribution, in several samples from Siefert\u27s Hole and the Peace Pipe Vista depression the larvae showed a clumped distribution. The number of larvae surviving to 3 September were estimated to represent a potential pupal crop of 87.31 kg/ha in the 6-10.5 m stratum

User experiences of digital prostheses in daily functioning in people with an amputation of thumb or finger

Study Design Qualitative research design using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to interpret users’ experiences with digital prostheses. Background Digital prostheses are rarely used, and little is known about the experiences of traumatic finger amputees with digital prostheses. When advising patients regarding digital prostheses, it is crucial for professionals to understand users experiences of wearing a digital prosthesis and the meaning attached to wearing a digital prosthesis. Purpose of study The aim of this study was to explore and understand users experiences of wearing a digital prostheses in daily functioning. Methods Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted, recorded, and transcribed. The written interview texts were analysed following Interpretative phenomenological analysis guidelines. Results Four participants were interviewed. They experienced the prostheses as valuable additions to their daily functioning. Three different themes relating to wearing and using digital prostheses emerged from in-depth analysis of the data: How the prosthesis supporting them regaining a ‘grip’ on life, reduced overload on unaffected side and restored body image. Conclusions This study provides a deeper understanding of the experiences of people with digital amputations who use prostheses. Most importantly, that a prosthesis is of crucial importance for participants to be able to act independently and autonomously as well as to participate in family, work and social environments. This insight will help practitioners when considering, with clients the most appropriate digital prosthesis to meet their goals

The Origin of Nonradiative Heating/momentum in Hot Stars

The origin of nonradiative heating and momentum in the atmospheres of stars is studied. The similarities and differences between what occurs in the hot stars and what occurs in cool stars are emphasized. Key points in the theory are reviewed. Areas requiring new study are indicated

On Some General Lacunary Interpolation Problems

AbstractThe object of this paper is to give a unified and complete treatment of these related cases of lacunary interpolation whose special cases can be found scattered in the literature. We consider only the case when the nodes are the zeros ofπn(x) whose derivative is −n(n−1)Pn−1(x), the Legendre polynomial of degreen−1. We find the fundamental polynomials and give the convergence results