Assessment of ventricular septal defects by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography and comparison with surgical measurements

Peer reviewe

Metoclopramide induced dystonia in children: two case reports

Metoclopramide is a dopamine antagonist that is widely used in gastroesophageal disease and chemotherapy-induced emesis in the paediatric population. It is also prescribed in nausea and vomiting caused by respiratory tract infections and enteritis in practice. The primary side-effect of the drug is extrapyramidal reactions with incidences as high as 25% in children. We report two cases, one of which was referred to our emergency department as encephalitis and the other as tetany, but which were just acute dystonic reactions caused by metaclopramide, even though the patients had used the drug in the recommended dosages. The adverse effects of the drug can be seen at normal doses. These dystonic reactions caused by metaclopramide can easily be confused with other diseases, because dystonia is not seen frequently in paediatric practice whatever the cause. (C) 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Noninvasive assessment of left-to-right shunting in ventricular septal defects by the proximal isovelocity surface area method on Doppler colour flow mapping

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA), which is the zone of flow convergence appearing on the left ventricular septal surface where flow approaching the defect accelerates; allows quantitative estimation of ventricular septal defect (VSD) flow and defect area on colour Doppler imaging. In the present study, the clinical applicability and reliability of the PISA method in assessing the amount of left-to-right shunting in patients with VSDs were evaluated

A novel missense mutation of the paired box 3 gene in a Turkish family with Waardenburg syndrome type 1

Purpose: Screening of mutations in the paired box 3 (PAX3) gene in three generations of a Turkish family with Waardenburg syndrome type 1 (WS1)

A prenatally diagnosed newborn with an intracardiac rhabdomyoma obstructing the left ventricular outflow tract

Primary tumors of the heart are rarely seen in childhood. Rhabdomyoma, which has a benign course and usually resolves spontaneously, constitutes the majority. However, rhabdomyomas which cause permanent rhythm problems, myocardial dysfunction, and ventricular inflow or outflow obstruction, should be removed surgically. In this article, we report the case of a newborn who was prenatally diagnosed with rhabdomyoma associated with severe left ventricular outflow obstruction. There were two small masses in the right ventricle as well. These masses were considered to be rhabdomyomas since they were multiple and appeared to be intracardiac with echocardiography. The left ventricular mass was removed through the aorta on the first postnatal day. The right ventricular masses were observed to regress during the clinical follow-up

Evaluation of left ventricular functions by speckle-tracking echocardiography in coarctation patients

Background/Aim Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) is a novel method that allows the assessment of regional myocardial function. The aim of our study was to use 2D-STE to assess left ventricular deformation in patients with coarctation of the aorta (CoA). Methods In this prospective study, patients with CoA (n = 42) and healthy controls (n = 39) were recruited. Children with CoA who visited the outpatient clinic between 2013 and 2014 were included. The data were compared with those obtained from the sex- and age-matched controls. Results The mean age of the patients was 5.8 +/- 4.5 years. Global longitudinal strain based on all three apical views and total global strain values did not appear to be different between the patient and the control groups (P = .59, P = .51, P = .15, P = .38). Hypertension was detected in 14 (33.3%) patients with CoA. There were significant differences between the global longitudinal strain values of the normotensive CoA subgroup and the hypertensive CoA subgroup (P < .05). Conclusions In our study, we found that 2D-STE total strain analysis of patients with CoA was not different from comparative healthy controls. However, we determined that 2D-STE parameters were lower in the hypertensive CoA subgroup compared to the normotensive CoA subgroup

Repair of Isolated Mitral Papillary Muscle Rupture Consequent to Blunt Trauma in a Small Child

Blunt thoracoabdominal trauma is most often caused by high-velocity motor-vehicle accidents or by falls from a height. The clinical spectrum of cardiac injuries arising from this type of trauma varies from myocardial contusion to valvular rupture. Intracardiac valvular rupture is rarely observed, and few cases have been reported. The youngest of the patients in cases reported to date was 6 years of age. Here we report the case of a 2½year-old child, who sustained mitral valve insufficiency due to isolated rupture of the posterior mitral papillary muscle, which developed after a domestic accident

Revisiting subclavian flap repair for neonates and small infants.

Objective: We have utilized subclavian flap angioplasty (SFA) frequently in infants with coarctation particularly in patients with arch hypoplasia which is quite frequent. We have followed these patients with serial echocardiography and have analyzed our results in this study to determine recoartation rates, recurrent hypertension and left arm development

Four ectopia cordis cases surgically managed with different strategies

Ectopia cordis is a rare congenital disorder in which the heart is partially or completely located outside the chest cavity. In this article, we present four cases of ectopia cordis accompanied by cardiac abnormalities with either thoracic and/or abdominal placed heart, managed with strategies ranging from follow-up without any intervention to complete surgical closure