A Prospective Study of Thermal Comfort in Users in Technical Institution TVET: Workshop Facilities Space

Thermal comfort is a part of indoor environmental quality that should be considered to ensure the occupants' well-being. Unconducive buildings not only bring occupants discomfort but also tend to affect health, disrupt the process of teaching and learning, and reduce work productivity. Thus, this study determines the thermal condition of existing workshop buildings used in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) implementation. Evaluations of comfort are based on occupant surveys and environmental measurements. A total of 257 people completed a questionnaire distributed at three technical institutions in Kedah, Malaysia. According to the findings, the average thermal sensation vote is 1.85, which leads to 66.5% of respondents feeling discomfort. Meanwhile, the adaptive model analysis showed that the workshop environmental conditions were out of the comfort zone and did not comply with the ASHRAE 55 standard. Hence, the thermal discomfort factors from the occupants' perspective were identified and widely discussed. As a result, the research findings will benefit parties involved in new building construction or existing building renovations to improve indoor air quality

An Approach To Platform Design Using Design And Performance parameters Interactions.

To respond to the challenge of agile manufacturing, companies are striving to provide a large variety of products at a low cost

Multi-pollutant approach to model contaminants flow in surface and groundwater: a review

Pollution of surface and groundwater is largely caused by anthropogenic activities and the natural geogenic processes. Most of the contaminants in surface and groundwater have a common origin. The aim of this review is to highlight the importance of multi-approach modeling of pollutants which is required for various reasons, owing to the availability of different types and sources of water pollutants. We attempted a systematic review to assess the current progress in modeling water pollution using multi-approach methods. Results showed that (9) out of the eleven (11) chosen studies have applied some forms of multi-approach modeling methods to examine pollutants in surface and groundwater. Results also suggest that there is an increased concern on understanding how pollutants are transported from sources to surface water and how impurities are transported to groundwater aquifers by infiltering surface flows. A major limitation of water quality models is that models assumed a uniform environmental setting and can simulate contaminants only in the gas and aqueous states. The rationality of contaminant modeling using multi-pollutant approaches is mostly problematical to validate because suitable field data is wanting for comparison. Therefore, the model output must be scrutinized within the context of the uncertainty of the model inputs, data limitations and consistently essential application of established standards from the literature

Analisis peruntukan orang melayu dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan Malaysia dalam konteks hubungan etnik

Perbincangan artikel ini menjurus kepada peruntukan yang terdapat dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan Malaysia yang berkaitan orang Melayu seperti kedudukan istimewa orang Melayu, tanah rizab Melayu, Rejimen Askar Melayu di Raja dan persempadanan kawasan pilihan raya. Metodologi kajian adalah menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan dengan melihat kepada dokumen yang berkaitan dengan perlembagaan. Analisis menunjukkan peruntukan orang Melayu bukan sahaja setakat dalam Perkara 153, tetapi juga terangkum dalam Perkara 8(5)(f), Perkara 89 dan 90 dan Jadual Ketiga belas tentang persempadanan kawasan pilihan raya. Hal ini menunjukkan kedudukan orang Melayu dilindungi oleh Perlembagaan Persekutuan Malaysia dan mempunyai kedudukan istimewa berbanding etnik lain di Malaysia

Maqasid syariah dalam pembinaan fatwa berkaitan amalan rentas agama dan rentas budaya di Malaysia

Amalan rentas agama dan rentas budaya dalam masyarakat Malaysia hari ini telah menimbulkan polimik di kalangan masyarakat sama ada ianya menepati ajaran Islam atau tidak. Justeru, institusi fatwa baik di peringkat persekutuan mahupun di peringkat negeri, yang berautoriti dalam mengeluarkan hukum berkenaan isu ini harus memberi pencerahan supaya keharmonian masyarakat dan kesucian akidah terus terbela. Kajian secara menyeluruh terhadap fatwa yang sedia ada bagi mengawal agama dan akidah masyarakat perlu diambil perhatian bagi memastikan matlamat penjelasan dan penguatkuasaannya tercapai kerana fatwa yang dikeluarkan oleh mufti dan jawatankuasa fatwa pastinya bertujuan baik, bermatlamat mulia dan keperluannya selari dengan kehendak syarak yang ditetapkan oleh Allah melalui al-Quran dan al-Sunnah. Ianya sekaligus mampu memenuhi matlamat dan hikmah dalam memutuskan sesuatu hukum atau lebih dikenali sebagai “maqasid syariah”. Artikel ini ditulis untuk melihat sejauh mana keperluan maqasid syariah diambil perhatian dan diberi pertimbangan wajar dalam penentuan sesuatu fatwa yang dikeluarkan oleh Majlis Fatwa Kebangsaan dan institusi fatwa di beberapa buah negeri dalam isu yang berkaitan amalan rentas agama dan budaya dalam kalangan masyarakat di Malaysia dari tahun 2010 hingga 2015. Hasilnya, kertas ini mendapati bahawa kesemua fatwa yang telah diputuskan mengambil kira pengaplikasiaan maqasid syariah demi untuk menjaga dan mengukuhkan lagi tonggak agama, keturunan dan harta benda masyarakat Islam kita

Interference temperature measurements and spectrum occupancy evaluation in the context of cognitive radio

This paper presents a refined radio spectrum measurement platform specifically designed for spectrum occupancy surveys in the context of Cognitive radio. Cognitive radio permits the opportunistic usage of licensed bands by unlicensed users without causing harmful interference to the licensed user. In this work, a study based on the measurement of the 800 MHz to 2.4 GHz frequency band at two different locations inside Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru campus, Malaysia is presented. Two Tektronix RSA306B spectrum analyzer are set up to conduct simultaneous measurements at different locations for a 24 hours period. The analysis conducted in this work is based on the real spectrum data acquired from environment in the experimental set up. Busy and idle channels were identified. The channels subject to adjacent-channel interference were also identified, and the impact of the detection threshold used to detect channel activities was also discussed. The consistency of the observed channel occupation over a range of thresholds and a sudden drop has good characteristics in determining an appropriate threshold needed in order to avoid interference

Pendekatan Modular Dalam Penentuan Platform Berdasarkan Integrasi Parameter Rekabentuk Dan Prestasi.

Antara ciri utama kaedah modular adalah untuk memungkinkan peningkatan prestasi dan kepelbagaian variasi melalui penggantian, perkongsian atau menaiktaraf komponen atau modul yang dibangunkan

[The Relevance of Fatwa on Zakat Distribution as a Social Assurance System for Muslim Communities in Terengganu] Kerelevanan Fatwa Mengenai Pengagihan Zakat Sebagai Suatu Sistem Jaminan Sosial Masyarakat Islam di Terengganu

The zakat institution plays an important role in preaching the rules of conducts and doctrines based on syari’ah for Muslim community lives. Among others, the zakat institution plays a vital role in explaining the community on the zakat management system. This is due to the fact that zakat, when managed wisely will help to eradicate poverty in the Muslim community. Current practise in Terengganu shows that there are a number of illegitimate ‘amil (zakat collectors) whom are not appointed by the government. Thus, this paper emphasises on the relevancy of fatwa in making the payment and management of zakat becomes much more sustainable, and thus making it more justifiable, and beneficial to the social stability among Muslims in Terengganu. The research found out that the fatwa given by the office of the mufti and his committees is very much relevant with the need of the community, which is, that the zakat (almsgiving) properties need to be managed efficiently and distributed equally to the target groups so that the sustainable of the social welfare in Terengganu is well taken care of.   Keywords: relevancy, fatwa, zakat distribution, social justifying system, community, Terengganu.     Institusi fatwa memainkan peranan yang penting dalam penyebaran maklumat hukum kepada masyarakat Islam agar kehidupan mereka berlandaskan syariah. Antara usaha yang dimainkan oleh institusi fatwa di Terengganu adalah menjelaskan kepada masyarakat berhubung pengurusan sistem pengurusan zakat. Ini kerana zakat merupakan salah satu kaedah yang boleh menyelesaikan bebanan kemiskinan yang melanda masyarakat Islam. Dalam situasi yang ada di Terengganu, pengurusan pembayaran dan agihan zakat ini bukan sahaja dilakukan oleh pihak pemerintah, bahkan terdapat juga segelintir masyarakat yang bertindak seolah-olah sebagai amil meskipun tidak dilantik oleh pihak pemerintah. Justeru artikel ini menumpukan kepada kerelevanan fatwa dalam melestarikan pengurusan pengagihan zakat agar ia dapat diagihkan kepada golongan yang benar-benar memerlukannya sekaligus dapat mewujudkan satu sistem jaminan sosial dalam kalangan masyarakat Islam di Terengganu. Kajian mendapati, fatwa yang dikemukakan oleh mufti dan jawatankuasa fatwa relevan dengan keperluan masyarakat agar harta zakat diurus dengan lebih efisyen dan tersusun serta dapat diagihkan kepada kumpulan sasar sekaligus dapat menjamin kelestarian sistem sosial masyarakat Islam di Terengganu.   Kata kunci: Kerelevanan, Fatwa, Pengagihan zakat, Jaminan Sosial, Masyarakat, Terenggan

Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenide as Electron Transport Layer of Perovskite Solar Cells

Conventional perovskite solar cells utilize a combination of a compact and mesoporous layer of TiO2 or SnO2 as the electron transport layer. This structure is vulnerable to massive loss of photogenerated carriers due to grain boundary resistance in the layer. In this chapter, we will discuss a potential electron transport layer that might drive higher power conversion efficiency, i.e., thin and single-crystalline 2D transition metal dichalcogenide. Because of their ultimate thin structure, they facilitate rapid electron transport and enhanced carrier extraction in the solar cells device. We will also discuss the current state of the art of 2D transition metal dichalcogenide atomic layer application as an electron transport layer in the perovskite solar cells as well as our recent attempt in this field

Seaweed effects on plant growth and environmental remediation: a review

Seaweeds are plants found in sea that have tremendous applications in the fields of agriculture and environment. It comprises of three giant classes with a large number of different species. their ability to adopt to various conditions qualifies them more applicable to various environmental and agricultural arena. Agriculturally, both three classes Phaeophyta, Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta, have significant roles in promoting plant growth and productivity and soil protection as well as reclamation with class Phaeophyta has highest contribution due to its alginic acid content and other multifaceted components that are higher followed by Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta. Seaweed (living or dead biomass) has ability to phycoremediate environment against heavy toxic metals and lessen the excessiveness of non-metal inorganic elements via physisorption, chemisorption with the aid of binding sites provided by proteins and carbohydrates functional groups existing in their cell walls and secretion of organic acids and intracellular transformation and accumulation. Seaweed is an important factor in environmental remediation and soil restoration processes