Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects and wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue)

We aimed to test the adsorption of the methylene blue (MB) on HSEPCGUM as a dye and also to test the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) on wound healing. Hollow silica spheres (HSS) are used in the pharmaceutical and biochemical field, because of low toxic, highly biocompatible and mechanically stable by large surface areas. HSS was obtained by mechanochemistry method. The obtained HSS was treated with epichlorohydrin to carry out an epoxidation process (HSEPC). Then, HSEPC was functionalized by treatment with gum arabic (HSEPCGUM). MB was adsorbed onto HSEPCGUM and the adsorption maximum capacity of HSEPCGUM (X-max) was obtained 333 mg g(-1). For in vitro studies, according to the cytotoxicity test results, ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) was studied at non-cytotoxic concentrations 10, 50 and 100 mu g/ml and wound closure was found as 55% (100 g/m1) as compared to control. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Evaluation of neuroprotection by melatonin against adverse effects of prenatal exposure to a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug during peripheral nerve development

The potential ability of melatonin to protect against impairment of the fetal peripheral nerve system due to maternal consumption of diclofenac sodium (DS) was investigated. Eighty-four pregnant rats were divided into seven groups: control (CONT), saline administered (PS), DS administered (DS), DS with low-dose melatonin administered (DS + MLT10), DS with high-dose melatonin administered (DS+MLT50), low-dose melatonin administered (MLT10), and high-dose melatonin administered (MLT50). After the pregnancy, six male newborn rats from each group were sacrificed at 4 and 20 weeks of age. Their right sciatic nerves were harvested, and nerve fibers were evaluated using stereological techniques. Mean numbers of myelinated axons, axon cross-section areas and the mean thickness of the myelin sheet were estimated. Four-week-old prenatally DS-exposed rats had significantly fewer axons, a smaller myelinated axonal area, and a thinner myelin sheath compared to CONT group (p < 0.05). Although melatonin at both doses significantly increased axon numbers, only a high dose of melatonin increased the diameter of those axons (p < 0.05). At 20-weeks of age, myelinated axon number in the DS group was not only significantly lower than all other groups (p < 0.05) but also the cross-sectional area of these axons was smaller than all other groups (p < 0.05). There were no differences between the groups regarding the mean thickness of the myelin sheet. The current study indicates that prenatal exposure to DS decreases the number and the diameter of sciatic nerve axons and that melatonin prophylaxis can prevent these effects. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved