An investigation on the effect of enneagram types on organisational dissent

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of Enneagram personality types on organisational dissent strategies. A convenience sampling was used and 509 Turkish participants completed the online survey questionnaire. Basic Linear Regression Analysis using SPSS 24.0 was used to analyse the data. The results show that “the Peacemaker” and “the Helper” have a negative effect on organisational dissent. On the other hand, “the Adventurer” and “the Skeptic” personality types have a positive effect on organisational dissent. For articulated dissent, the Peacemaker” and “the Helper” both have a negative effect whereas “the Adventurer” type has a high positive effect. Lastly “the Observer” and “the Skeptic” have a positive effect on latent dissent. Considering these results, it can be said that extraverted and fearless employees use articulated dissent more. In addition, latent dissent is used more by employees who have commitment to the job and who like to keep quiet and focus on the task at hand rather than to create an unexpected result. Overall, the results support the association between certain Enneagram personality types and employee dissent. Organisations might use the findings to create a more open and democratic organisational climate that supports the expression of different ideas and thoughts in order to achieve greater success in the employees’ personal targets and organisational targets. Organisational leaders may apply the study outcomes regarding the role of employee personality to create an objective employee selection process in order to find and assign the right person to the right job

Plasma concentrations of soluble CD40 ligand in smokers with acute myocardial infarction: a pilot study

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is believed to be the single leading cause of death in both men and women in the world. Smoking is the most important risk factor for CAD. Smoking increases platelet aggregation and thrombus formation. CD40 ligand (CD40L) is a transmembrane glycoprotein derived from activated platelets. It participates in thrombus formation during the acute phase of acute myocardial infarction (MI). Elevation of CD40L identifies the patients who are at highest risk for cardiac events and who are likely to benefit from treatment with the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) receptor antagonists. The purpose of this study was to evaluate levels of CD40L in smokers with acute MI. Fifty-seven patients with acute MI were enrolled in this study. Thirty-one smokers were compared with 26 non-smokers. Soluble CD40L level in the plasma was determined by a standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Circulating levels of CD40L were higher in the smokers’ group. Smokers with acute MI may have increased risk for thrombotic complications during acute MI, and optimal antiaggregant therapy should be administered

Influence of colonic mesenteric area on the number of lymph node retrieval for colon cancer: a prospective cohort study

Purpose The minimum harvested 12 lymph nodes (LNs) is regarded as the limit for accurate staging of nodal status in colorectal cancer patients. Besides the association of the lengths of resected intestinal segments and vascular pedicles, the mesocolic mesenteric area’s impact on LN count has not been studied. We aimed to evaluate the associations between metric variables, including the mesocolic mesentery area on the nodal harvest. Methods All consecutive patients who underwent elective colectomy with a curative intention for colon adenocarcinoma were prospectively included. The metric variables included the lengths of resected intestinal segments, vascular pedicle, and colonic mesenteric area. The variables influencing the LN count and the correlation between the total LN count and the specimens’ relevant metric measurements were analyzed. Results There were 46 patients with a median age of 64 years. The median count for total LNs was 22, and the LN positivity was 59.2%. There was an inadequate LN yield (0.05). There were significant positive correlations between total LN number and length of vascular pedicle and mesenteric area (r=0.576, P<0.001 and r=0.566, P<0.001). Conclusion The length of the vascular pedicle and mesenteric area were significantly correlated with total LN counts. Although there was no significant impact on the length of resected segments, the colonic mesenteric area can be used alone as a measure for the assessment of the nodal yield in colon cancer

The application of a double voltage modulation technique to a glow discharge source with a supplementary electrode

The Ar spectral lines are suppressed in glow discharge source atomic emission spectroscopy by a double voltage modulation technique with a supplementary electrode. The voltage is modulated between two levels, typically 350 and 700 V. At the lower voltage level mainly the Ar emission occurs where at the higher voltage level both the Ar and the metal atoms sputtered from the sample contribute to the emission. The power supply of the supplementary electrode is switched on when the glow discharge passes from operation at 700 V to 350 V. The intensity of argon gase lines is regulated by the current applied to the supplementary electrode at that period. Therefore, there is no need for electronical amplification and lower voltage adjustment of two operation modes. This modified DVM technique has been applied to the determination of Si and Cu in Al-samples. The suppression of Ar lines is possible, and the elements can be determined without Ar interferences

Kinetics and equilibrium constants of some pentacyanoferrate(II) complexes of nitrogen and sulfur containing heterocycles

The kinetics of the substitution reactions of Fe(CN)(5)H(2)O(3-)ion with a series of nitrogen and sulfur containing heterocycles were studied in aqueous media. In the presence of excess ligand, varied over a large range of concentrations, second-order rate constants were calculated at mu = 0.100 M NaClO4. Activation parameters for the formation reactions were found, Delta H* and Delta S*, 28 +/- 6 kJ/mol and 135 +/- 20 J/mol, respectively. The results are interpreted as being consistent with dissociative, SN1 mechanism. The kinetics of formation and dissociation were studied by stopped-flow technique at several temperatures. An investigation of the kinetics of exchange of coordinated heterocycles for 1,3,5-triazine, yielded rate saturation that is typical of a limiting SN1 mechanism. Activation parameters of the limiting first-order specific rate of dissociations were found with Delta H* and Delta S* 53 +/- 2 kJ/mol and 105 +/- 5 J/mol, respectively. From the specific rates of formation and dissociation reactions the equilibrium constants were calculated. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc

Real-time monitoring of indigo concentrations in the dyebath with a laser diode spectrometer

A laser diode absorption spectrometer is coupled with a continuous dilution system for real-time monitoring of indigo dyeing of denim yarn. The reduced form of indigo in the dyebath is continuously pumped by a peristaltic pump into a mixing cuvette, where it is diluted by a factor of 80 with aerated water and oxidized into its stable form. This solution is then pumped into the sampling cell of the laser diode spectrometer for absorption measurements. Monochromatic radiation emitted from the laser diode at 635 nm is used to measure indigo absorption at the shoulder of a broad absorption peak. A linear calibration curve is obtained in a concentration range between 10 and 150 mg/L with a linear regression coefficient of r(2) = 0.9993, which corresponds to indigo concentrations in the dyebath covering the range between 0.8-12 g/L. This range exceeds indigo concentrations typically used in industry, which range between 1-3 g/L. The reproducibility of measurements is 0.5%. In this technique, there is no interference due to sulfur compounds present in the dyebath, which is a problem with electrochemical titration methods commonly used for indigo determinations

Determination of Cu, Cd, Mn, Fe, Zn, Pb, and Ni in urine samples by application of cobalt-diethyldithiocarbamate coprecipitation

The determination of trace metals, e.g. Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Cd, Zn, Ni, in urine samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry following their preconcentration with a cobalt-diethyldithiocarbamate coprecipitation procedure is described. The recoveries are quantitative, greater than or equal to 95%. The precision for urine analysis is in the range of 3.0-9.1% relative standard deviations at concentration level of 1.8-253.5 mu g/l

A photon counting dynamic digital lock-in amplifier for background suppression in glow discharge atomic emission spectrometry

A photon counting dynamic digital lock-in amplifier, (PC-DDLIA), has been developed for the suppression of Ar lines in glow discharge lamp atomic emission spectrometry, (GDL-AES). The experimental set-up consists of a Grimm-type GDL, a prism-type scanning monochromator, photon counting electronics, an Apple Ile computer with an interface card and a computer controllable high voltage power supply. The photon counting electronics are designed to convert the photon pulses to logic pulses. A discriminator is used to reject pulses below a threshold level. The high voltage power supply is modulated with a square waveform generated from DAC and photon pulses are counted synchronously by the timer/counter chip, versatile interface adaptor (VIA-6522) on the interface card of computer. The data are analyzed in two steps. In the ''learn mode'', the GDL is modulated with a square waveform between 370 and 670 V and two spectra consisting of only Ar lines are obtained in a spectral window between 287.1 and 290.0 nm. A new modulation waveform is computed from these spectra which yields two overlapped spectra when the PC-DDLIA is scanned over the same spectral window. In the ''analysis mode'' of data acquisition, a target material with the analyte element(s) in it is used and the spectrometer is scanned with a dynamically varying rectangular waveform over the same spectral window. The net spectrum consists of pure atomic lines free from any Ar lines. The detection limit for the determination of Si (288.2 nm) in the presence of interfering hr lines (288.1 and 288.4 nm) is found to be 0.083%, whereas suppression of Ar lines over the same spectral window lowers the detection limit to 0.013%

Selective amplification of analyte atomic signals in microwave-boosted glow discharge atomic emission spectrometry

The possibilities of eliminating spectral interferences caused by molecular bands and lines of the plasma gas in a microwave-boosted glow discharge source (MB-GDS) have been investigated. Suitable modulation of one of the two excitation sources and phase sensitive amplification were used to selectively amplify the signals emitted by the sample atoms. The molecular bands or lines of the plasma gas were hardly influenced by the modulation and did not appear in the amplified spectrum. In particular, the OH line interference on the most important analytical lines of Mg, Bi and Sn and the interference of Ar II on Al were eliminated to a high degree. The standard deviation of the background after suppression of interfering lines was increased. The limits of detection (3s) for Al, Bi, Mg and Sn in samples of aluminum and copper were found to be in the range 0.1-9 mug g(-1)

Determination of total phosphorus in milk by near-infrared absorption spectroscopy with laser diode

An absorption spectrometer consisting of a near-infrared laser diode was constructed and used for the determination of phosphorus in milk. This determination was also carried out with a UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The spectrometric instruments were compared for the determination of the phosphorus content of sterilized milk; sheep and goat milk, Jersey, Brown Swiss and Simmental cows' milk, skimmilk powder and whey powder. The optimum experimental conditions were investigated, and the analytical characteristics of the two instruments, using standard International Dairy Federation (IDF) method, were evaluated. They were compared in terms of their linearity, reproducibility and precision. The coefficients of variation were 3.4% for NIR-LD and 4.5% for UV-VIS spectrometers. Data obtained by using both instruments showed that NIR-LD spectrometer could be used as an alternative to UV-VIS spectrometer for the determination of phosphorus content in milk and milk products with better precision