Number of studies undertaken per country since 1989, with geo-location if indicated; Thailand and Brazil displayed separately.

<p>Number of studies undertaken per country since 1989, with geo-location if indicated; Thailand and Brazil displayed separately.</p

Risk of <i>S. stercoralis</i> infection in patients with diarrhea (meta-analysis of case-control studies).

<p>Risk of <i>S. stercoralis</i> infection in patients with diarrhea (meta-analysis of case-control studies).</p

The life-cycle of <i>S. stercoralis</i> (based on http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx).

<p>The life-cycle of <i>S. stercoralis</i> (based on <a href="http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx" target="_blank">http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx</a>).</p

Country-wide prevalence rates for <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i> in countries A–F, divided by type of study.

<p>Country-wide prevalence rates for <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i> in countries A–F, divided by type of study.</p

Prevalence of <i>S. stercoralis</i> in refugees and immigrants by country.

<p>Prevalence of <i>S. stercoralis</i> in refugees and immigrants by country.</p

Risk of <i>S. stercoralis</i> infection in alcoholics (meta-analysis of case-control studies).

<p>Risk of <i>S. stercoralis</i> infection in alcoholics (meta-analysis of case-control studies).</p

Country-wide prevalence rates for <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i> for countries G-M, divided by type of study.

<p>Country-wide prevalence rates for <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i> for countries G-M, divided by type of study.</p

Risk of <i>S. stercoralis</i> infection in HIV/AIDS patients (meta-analysis of case-control studies).

<p>Risk of <i>S. stercoralis</i> infection in HIV/AIDS patients (meta-analysis of case-control studies).</p

Endoscopic vacuum-assisted closure therapy for leakage of the lower gastrointestinal tract: multicenter experiences

Background and study aims Only a few studies are available regarding endoscopic vacuum-assisted closure (E-VAC) therapy for the post-surgery leakage of the lower gastrointestinal tract. Patients and methods In this multicenter German study, we retrospectively analyzed patients treated with E-VAC therapy due to post-surgery leakage of the lower gastrointestinal tract from 2000–2020 at Hannover Medical School, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, and Robert Koch Hospital Gehrden. Results Overall, 147 patients were included in this study. Most patients had undergone tumor resections of the lower gastrointestinal tract (n = 88; 59.9 %). Median time to diagnosis of leakage was 10 days (interquartile range [IQR] 6–19). Median duration of E-VAC therapy was 14 days (IQR 8–27). Increase of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels significantly correlated with first diagnosis of leakage (P  100 mg/L (78.4 % vs. 52.7 %; P = 0.012). Odds ratio for failure of stoma reversal was 3.36 in cases with CRP values > 100 mg/L (P = 0.017). In total, leakage- and/ or E-VAC therapy-associated complications occurred in 26 patients (17.7 %). Minor complications included recurrent E-VAC dislocations and subsequent stenosis. Overall, 14 leakage- or E-VAC-associated deaths were observed most often due to sepsis. Conclusions E-VAC therapy due to post-surgery leakage of the lower gastrointestinal tract is safe and effective. High levels of CRP are a negative predictor of E-VAC therapy success

Strongyloides stercoralis : global distribution and risk factors

The soil-transmitted threadworm, Strongyloides stercoralis, is one of the most neglected among the so-called neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). We reviewed studies of the last 20 years on S. stercoralis's global prevalence in general populations and risk groups.; A literature search was performed in PubMed for articles published between January 1989 and October 2011. Articles presenting information on infection prevalence were included. A Bayesian meta-analysis was carried out to obtain country-specific prevalence estimates and to compare disease odds ratios in different risk groups taking into account the sensitivities of the diagnostic methods applied. A total of 354 studies from 78 countries were included for the prevalence calculations, 194 (62.4%) were community-based studies, 121 (34.2%) were hospital-based studies and 39 (11.0%) were studies on refugees and immigrants. World maps with country data are provided. In numerous African, Asian and South-American resource-poor countries, information on S. stercoralis is lacking. The meta-analysis showed an association between HIV-infection/alcoholism and S. stercoralis infection (OR: 2.17 BCI: 1.18-4.01; OR: 6.69; BCI: 1.47-33.8), respectively.; Our findings show high infection prevalence rates in the general population in selected countries and geographical regions. S. stercoralis infection is prominent in several risk groups. Adequate information on the prevalence is still lacking from many countries. However, current information underscore that S. stercoralis must not be neglected. Further assessments in socio-economic and ecological settings are needed and integration into global helminth control is warranted